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The Effect Of Maxillary Sinus Anatomical Variations, Surgical Considerations, And Patient Factors On Volumetric Changes Following Lateral Wall Sinus Floor Elevation Technique For Up To 8 Years, Mengyi Shi
All ETDs from UAB
jectives: The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the long-term dimensional stability, or shrinkage, of the lateral window sinus grafts using cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCT) and radiographic software. Material and Methods: All patients from UAB Periodontal Graduate Clinic with available records of sinus augmentation via the lateral window approach with delayed implant placement between 2014 and 2019 were screened for having two follow up CBCT scans of diagnostic quality. The first scan must be completed within 6-9 months of lateral window sinus floor elevation (LWSFE) and prior to implant placement. The second CBCT must be taken …
Mechanotransduction Signaling On Ovarian Cancer Results In Increased Proliferation, Migration, And Chemoresistance In 2d And 3d In Vitro And In Vivo Models, Molly Buckley
All ETDs from UAB
Mechanical forces imparted on an ovarian tumor have recently been shown to have a grave impact on cancer development, progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance. The forces present include compression throughout the tumor, intrinsic and extrinsic shear stresses from ascitic fluid present in the peritoneal cavity as well as blood flow through the tumor via leaky and disorganized vessels created through tumor angiogenesis, and tension at the tumor periphery because of the constantly growing mass. Studies of the signaling pathways impacted by these mechanical forces could give great insight into new therapeu-tic targets for ovarian cancer, however, these studies have been severely …
"Bricks Without Straw": An Oral History Of Culturally Relevant Caring In Historic A H Parker High School In Birmingham Alabama, Penny S. Seals
"Bricks Without Straw": An Oral History Of Culturally Relevant Caring In Historic A H Parker High School In Birmingham Alabama, Penny S. Seals
All ETDs from UAB
Industrial High School, later renamed A.H. Parker High School after the inaugural principal, Arthur Harold Parker, is a predominantly African American high school located in Birmingham, Alabama. In 1900, A.H. Parker High School was established as the first four-year public high school for African American students in Birmingham. Historically, Parker has been recognized as being the heart of Black secondary education in Birmingham. Unfortunately, limited scholarly research exists detailing this historic schooling environment that motivated Black students to excel, despite vast inequities and inequalities. This dissertation tells the story of A.H. Parker High School with a focus on the culturally …
On The Spectral Theory For Ordinary Differential Equations With Distributional Coefficients With And Emphasis On The Periodic Case, Kevin Campbell
On The Spectral Theory For Ordinary Differential Equations With Distributional Coefficients With And Emphasis On The Periodic Case, Kevin Campbell
All ETDs from UAB
In this thesis, we consider differential equations with distributional matrix coefficients giving particular care to periodic distributions. In pursuit of this, we first examine some cases in which there is no existence and uniqueness theorem for a given initial value problem, and then verify some properties of the minimal and maximal operators. We then focus on periodic systems and establish a Floquet Theory for such systems as well as extend several fundamental properties which are well known for periodic functions to periodic distributions. We also examine stability sets for differential equations with periodic distributional coefficients in one and two dimensions, …
The Relationship Between Nurse And Therapy Staffing Levels And The Medicare Patient-Driven Payment Model Reimbursement During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Roland T. Shapley Jr
The Relationship Between Nurse And Therapy Staffing Levels And The Medicare Patient-Driven Payment Model Reimbursement During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Roland T. Shapley Jr
All ETDs from UAB
The Patient Driven Payment Model (PDPM) brought about a paradigm shift in the way skilled nursing facilities are reimbursed, by linking complexity of care to beneficiary need, expanding case-mix adjusted components by including a non-therapy ancillary and speech language pathology component, and limiting the volume of therapy services provided. The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc upon the nursing home industry that gave rise to high patient and staff infections and fatalities, declining occupancy rates, and nursing shortages, compelling the Department of Health and Human Services to provide $4.9 billion in CARES Funding to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). Using Payroll Based Journal, …
Association Between Regional Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy And Reported Positive Covid-19 Cases In The Southern United States, Orielle Caudle
Association Between Regional Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy And Reported Positive Covid-19 Cases In The Southern United States, Orielle Caudle
All ETDs from UAB
The use of vaccinations has been shown to be beneficial in pandemics in the past, and in some cases, it has led to elimination of a particular disease (i.e. polio). The COVID-19 vaccination can also serve the same purpose, however, vaccine hesitancy within specific regions of the country may prevent and/or dilute the effectiveness of the vaccine. Vaccine hesitancy can be defined as a delay in acceptance, or refusal despite the availability of vaccine services. Southern regions have consistently had the lower vaccination rates compared to its other regional counterparts, even as the pandemic progressed and death rates increased over …
What "Makes A Monster Of Their Minds": The Influence Of Honor Culture, Shame, And Homsociality On Anxious Masculinity In Shakespearean Cuckoldry Plots, Hannah M. Cutting
What "Makes A Monster Of Their Minds": The Influence Of Honor Culture, Shame, And Homsociality On Anxious Masculinity In Shakespearean Cuckoldry Plots, Hannah M. Cutting
All ETDs from UAB
In early modern drama, cuckoldry is used as the focal point for jokes and as a major plot device. Playwrights who use cuckoldry as a plot point often put the burden of blame on the women of these trysts, regardless of if they have made the women guilty or not, while failing to critique the behavior of men who act out in the face of these accusations. Unlike his contemporaries, Shakespeare seems to criticize men who choose to believe accusations of cuckoldry by putting their faith in homosocial bonds over their marital bonds. Across the timeline of Shakespeare’s plays, four …
Comparison Of [18f]Fdg With 18f-Labeled Amino Acids For Pet Imaging Of Breast Cancer, Ugur Akca
Comparison Of [18f]Fdg With 18f-Labeled Amino Acids For Pet Imaging Of Breast Cancer, Ugur Akca
All ETDs from UAB
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are identified by their lack of estrogen re-ceptor, progesterone receptor, and overexpression of human epidermal growth factor re-ceptor 2-gene. The glucose analog, 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) is the most often utilized PET tracer for imaging TNBC. The use of FDG for imaging primary and metastatic brain tumors is limited by high FDG uptake in normal brain tissue and some forms of inflammation. Also, MRI brain imaging methods have limitation in determining the differentiation between recurrent malignant and treatment effect. Radiolabeled amino acids (AAs), which have a lower uptake in normal brain and inflammation compared to FDG, can be …
The Ethos Of Donald Trump: Trump's Lack Of Presidential Decorum From 2016 Forward And Its Impact On American Politics, Nora M. Krall
The Ethos Of Donald Trump: Trump's Lack Of Presidential Decorum From 2016 Forward And Its Impact On American Politics, Nora M. Krall
All ETDs from UAB
In American politics, the concept of presidential decorum is upheld through the complexity of political and presidential rhetoric. When Donald Trump became president, he sought to break what standard decorum was in order to justify his desires as president. This breaking of decorum is complex in nature and is paired with mediatization, demagoguery, populism and collectivism, all of which are rhetorical strategies that challenge the norms within American democracy and in turn, have created a shift in what is considered presidential. Donald Trump seeks to utilize his personal ethos alongside these rhetorical methods to infiltrate multiple subsets of society, thus …
A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial To Compare Side Access Mucosal Releasing Incision (Samri) And Sulcular Tunnel Access And Root Coverage Procedures With Coronally Advanced Flap And Acellular Dermal Matrix (Adm) To Treat Teeth With Gingival Recession And Lack Of Adequate Keratinized Tissue. A Pilot Study, Karen Younghee Jo
All ETDs from UAB
Aims. The primary aim of this randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial was to compare clinical and patient-centered outcomes obtained following soft tissue grafting utilizing the Side Access Mucosal Releasing Incision (SAMRI) or Sulcular Tunnel Access (STA) procedures with acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and coronal flap advancement to treat Miller Class I and II recession defects on single rooted teeth. Methods. Five patients and eight recession defect sites with Miller Class I or II gingival recession and £ 2mm of keratinized tissue at each site were randomly divided into two groups (A: SAMRI, B: STA) and were treated and evaluated for …
The Roles Of Racial Discrimination And Sleep In Cognitive Functioning In Diverse Youth, Queenisha Crichlow
The Roles Of Racial Discrimination And Sleep In Cognitive Functioning In Diverse Youth, Queenisha Crichlow
All ETDs from UAB
Cognitive functioning is an important aspect of human development that is closely related to youth academic outcomes (Caemmerer et al., 2018). Specifically, there is evidence that cognitive abilities such as memory, attention, and self-control are predictive of academic achievement in youth (Peng & Kievit, 2020). Current research suggests that chronic stress reduces cognitive functioning (Korten et al., 2014), but few studies have examined this relationship for race-related stress, specifically racial discrimination. Considering that racial discrimination is a common and reoccurring type of stress in the lives of minority youth (Hughes et al., 2016), it is possible that chronic exposure to …
Developing Criteria For The Provision Of Alabama Service Assistance Program (Asap) Service, Charles Nwachukwu Agusiobo
Developing Criteria For The Provision Of Alabama Service Assistance Program (Asap) Service, Charles Nwachukwu Agusiobo
All ETDs from UAB
The Alabama Department of Transportation’s (ALDOTs) Alabama Service Assistance Program (ASAP) helps facilitate the safe and efficient movement of people and goods by providing Safety Service Patrols (SSP) along major interstates in Alabama and utilizing effective incident management strategies to minimize the impacts of freeway incidents. Efficient operation of ASAP improves timely emergency response, increases operational efficiency of the transportation facilities, improves user satisfaction, and results in safety benefits including prevention of secondary crashes. This study focused on developing a new methodology that can determine with greater efficiency when and where ASAP services are needed. The proposed methodology can replace …
Racial Differences In The Association Of Insulin Resistance With Risk Of Incident Heart Failure In Participants Of Regards, Nirav Patel
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Insulin resistance is linked to the development of heart failure (HF). However, there is limited understanding of the racial differences in the association of insulin resistance with the risk of incident HF among individuals without diabetes. Objectives: In a US national cohort of Black and White participants, we sought to evaluate: 1) the relationship between insulin resistance with incident HF participants, and 2) whether there are racial differences in the association of insulin resistance with HF. Methods: We examined >16,000 participants without HF and diabetes at baseline from the REGARDS cohort. Cox regression modeling was used to assess the …
Assessing The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Metastatic Lung Cancer Time To Treatment Initiation, Health Care Resource Utilization, And Costs In The United States, Teresa M. Zyczynski
Assessing The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Metastatic Lung Cancer Time To Treatment Initiation, Health Care Resource Utilization, And Costs In The United States, Teresa M. Zyczynski
All ETDs from UAB
The COVID-19 pandemic has derailed normal operations in the health care delivery systems in the United States (US) and globally, providing prioritized care to patients seeking acute management of the novel coronavirus and its complications. Simultaneously, cancer screening tests have decreased, resulting in decreased rates of cancer diagnoses and referrals to oncologists. The purpose of this study was to assess time to treatment initiation (TTI) with systemic cancer therapy in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic lung cancer, metastatic lung cancer-related and total healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs during the pandemic/post-pandemic period compared with the pre-pandemic period. The retrospective claims …
Ultrafast Broadband Dynamics In Novel Classes Of Metamaterials, Uddhab Tiwari
Ultrafast Broadband Dynamics In Novel Classes Of Metamaterials, Uddhab Tiwari
All ETDs from UAB
Manipulating electromagnetic fields at the nanoscale has gained significant interest as they can enhance device efficiency in the energy, telecommunication, and medical sectors. The ever-increasing demand for smaller, faster, and efficient optoelectronic devices lead to plasmonics — metallic nanostructures which can manipulate light below the diffraction limit. Recently, all-dielectric nanostructures have also shown to create high quality-factor resonances, with strong electric and magnetic near-fields created due to displacement currents. While silicon is the material of choice — because of its high refractive index, compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor, and strong non-linear response — its broadband dynamics is not fully understood in …
Retention Strategies For Non-Traditional Pathway Teachers: Keeping New Teachers In The Profession, Leslie Cranford Richards
Retention Strategies For Non-Traditional Pathway Teachers: Keeping New Teachers In The Profession, Leslie Cranford Richards
All ETDs from UAB
Over the past 30 years, teacher turnover has increased significantly (Simon & Johnson, 2015), contributing to the teacher shortage in the United States. This shortage of teachers has necessitated the employment of more teacher candidates from non-traditional teacher certification pathways. Espinoza et al. (2018) found that teachers from non-traditional certification pathways are “2 to 3 times more likely to leave teaching than fully prepared teachers” (p. 1). Given that teacher retention would help solve the teacher shortage problem (Ingersoll, 2001), it is important to determine what working conditions and support would encourage these non-traditional certification pathway teachers to stay in …
On The Privacy Leakage Via Neural Devices, Anuradha Mandal
On The Privacy Leakage Via Neural Devices, Anuradha Mandal
All ETDs from UAB
Brain-computer interfaces, such as consumer-grade EEG headsets, are getting popularity in gaming and entertainment industries, and among people with certain disabilities. However, the increasing popularity of EEG headsets creates significant privacy risks. Silently conversing with the computing system is now possible using neuromuscular signals, for instance, untold digit recognition with higher accuracy is possible, which can inadvertently retrieve PIN or password merely from brainwave signals. These applications can reveal much more private information than their designated benign purpose, for instance, while detecting the job performance of a worker, sensitive information like Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, substance abuse disorder or heart disease, …
The Use Of Vesgen For Analysis Of Retinal Vasculature In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Mariana Desiree Dupont
The Use Of Vesgen For Analysis Of Retinal Vasculature In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Mariana Desiree Dupont
All ETDs from UAB
Pulmonary artery hypertension is a chronic and progressive disease leading to right heart failure and, ultimately, death if untreated. The goal of the studies in this dissertation was to determine if fluorescein angiography (FA), and color fundus angiography (CF) imaging could be used to garner critical information about retinal changes in individuals with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). VESsel GENerational Analysis (VESGEN) is a noninvasive computer program that assigns branching generation to large and small vessels. VESGEN was utilized to investigate vascular alterations in FA, and CF imaging investigating disease progression in PAH. This dissertation demonstrated that PAH patients had aberrant …
Applying Pet Imaging To Cancer Immunotherapy To Improve Clinical Outcomes, Kirsten M. Reeves
Applying Pet Imaging To Cancer Immunotherapy To Improve Clinical Outcomes, Kirsten M. Reeves
All ETDs from UAB
The use of biomarkers has significantly enhanced patient outcome by improving diagnosis, personalizing therapy, and monitoring therapeutic response yet most cancers remain non-responsive. Thus, there is a need to better understand the underlying biological mechanisms and tumor microenvironment to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Molecular imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) are used to assess response during oncology therapy. Molecular imaging can also provide a noninvasive approach to accurately quantify biomarkers correlated with the tumor microenvironment, including glucose metabolism and hypoxia. 18F-Fluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO) hypoxia targeted cellular uptake has been shown to correlate with negative …
Regulation Of Stromal Cells Through Inflammatory Signalling, Victoria Matkins
Regulation Of Stromal Cells Through Inflammatory Signalling, Victoria Matkins
All ETDs from UAB
The bone marrow is a complex organization of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells that form niches to maintain systemic homeostasis during stress and disease. Stromal cells are non-hematopoietic cells first proposed in 1978 in the bone marrow to be essential for hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Since then, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been shown to be critical for the HSC self-renewal, retention, and differentiation through chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules. However, like HSCs, MSCs are multipotent progenitors that differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes to from tissues of the skeletal, endocrine, and connective systems. These multipotent progenitors are tightly regulated in …
First-Principles Modeling Of Mechanical Behavior And Thermoelectric Property Under Strain And Pressure, Chia-Min Lin
First-Principles Modeling Of Mechanical Behavior And Thermoelectric Property Under Strain And Pressure, Chia-Min Lin
All ETDs from UAB
Progresses in computer hardware and numerical algorithms in the past decade have made it possible to use first-principles calculations to model material properties, with the prediction results typically in good agreement with experiments. In this dissertation, density functional theory (DFT) calculations enable the studies of shear and tensile deformations. The theoretical ideal shear stress for transition metal osmium is found along the (001)[1–10] shear direction with the maximal shear stress ∼24 GPa at critical strain ∼0.13. DFT results indicated that transition metal borides ReB2 becomes more ductile with enhanced tendency towards metallic bonding under compression. The ReB2 DFT results also …
The Role Ofbiomechanics In Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Signaling, Bronte Miller
The Role Ofbiomechanics In Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Signaling, Bronte Miller
All ETDs from UAB
Angiogenesis, or the growth of new vasculature from existing blood vessels, is widely considered a primary hallmark of cancer progression. When a tumor is small, diffusion is sufficient to receive essential nutrients; however, as the tumor grows a vascular supply is needed to deliver oxygen and nutrients into the increasing mass. Several anti-angiogenic cancer therapies target VEGF and its receptor VEGFR-2, which are major promoters of blood vessel development. Unfortunately, many of these cancer treatments fail to completely stop angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Since these therapies focus on the biochemical activation of VEGFR-2 via VEGF ligand binding, we …
Optimal Antero-Posterior Position Of The Maxillary Central Incisors And Its Relationship To The Forehead In Adult Hispanic Females, Balraj Bains
All ETDs from UAB
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of forehead inclination to anteroposterior position (AP) of the maxillary central incisors in adult Hispanic females. Materials and Methods: 70 participants were recruited for this study and smiling profile photographs were taken. All images were deidentified and placed in standardized dimension of 7.5” by 6.5”, which were then added to a PowerPoint to be evaluated by a judging panel. 24 Adult Hispanic Females (AHF) made up the control group and were seen to have an optimal incisor AP position. 46 AHF were in the study group and were judged …
Teacher Perception, Experience, And Attitudes On Student Achievement In A Title I High School In Central Alabama, Marvin Augusta Carter Ii
Teacher Perception, Experience, And Attitudes On Student Achievement In A Title I High School In Central Alabama, Marvin Augusta Carter Ii
All ETDs from UAB
The purpose of this study was to share the lived experiences of teachers regarding how they supported student achievement in a Title I high school. After almost 60 years of Title I initiatives, the achievement gap between students in poverty and other more affluent students has not changed in any statistically significant manner (Jimenez-Castellanos, 2010). Due to the lack of academic growth for students in Title I schools as compared to students in non-Title I schools, parents, policymakers, and other stakeholders have increased pressure on educators and educational researchers to identify student achievement barriers and implement the use of effective …
The Role Of Alternative Payment Models In Pharmaceutical Services And Outcomes, Matthew G. Parker
The Role Of Alternative Payment Models In Pharmaceutical Services And Outcomes, Matthew G. Parker
All ETDs from UAB
A persistent challenge within the healthcare sector is balancing cost containment for health services and the quality of care associated with these services. This challenge has reinvigorated interest in alternative payment models (i.e., risk-sharing, shared savings, capitation), arrangements between payers and healthcare providers that structure reimbursement for services based on health outcomes. Although much research has assessed the association between these payment models and financial outcomes for medical services, there is a paucity of research that has likewise assessed pharmaceutical outcomes (i.e., electronic prescribing, evidence-based prescribing, medication adherence). The papers comprising this dissertation contribute to this limited body of research …
Il-22 Mediated Host Defense During Attaching-Effacing Pathogen Infection, Baiyi Cai
Il-22 Mediated Host Defense During Attaching-Effacing Pathogen Infection, Baiyi Cai
All ETDs from UAB
Intestinal infections are a cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and remain a public threat. Interleukin (IL)-22 is central to host immune responses in the intestine during infection and inflammation. IL-22 can be produced by both innate and adaptive immune cells, yet their relative contributions to host protection remain unclear. Here we demonstrated the specific role and mechanism for IL-22 from innate and adaptive sources to protect the host. Using the Citrobacter rodentium (C.r) model, we found that IL-22 from innate cell, protect the host during early infection. IL-22 induces epithelial production of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) recruiting chemokine CXCL1, CXCL2 …
Predictors Of Us Hospital Responsiveness To International Patient Inquiries, Suzanne M. Garber
Predictors Of Us Hospital Responsiveness To International Patient Inquiries, Suzanne M. Garber
All ETDs from UAB
Medical travel has been growing at a steady rate as global travel has also increased. However, with the advent of COVID-19, all global travel came to a screeching halt, including travel intended for medical purposes across borders. Now that travel is resuming worldwide, American hospital administrators are anxious to fill their beds with more profitable, international patients to make up for revenue losses incurred during the pandemic. Existing literature on the topic of medical tourism focuses on the role of patient initiative, choice, and risk-taking behaviors with little mention of hospital leadership’s ability or desire to construct a management strategy, …
"To Create A New Image Of Women": The Fight For The Equal Rights Amendment In Birmingham, Alabama, 1972-1982, Christopher J. Bertolini
"To Create A New Image Of Women": The Fight For The Equal Rights Amendment In Birmingham, Alabama, 1972-1982, Christopher J. Bertolini
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis argues that the struggle to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) in Birmingham, Alabama, rarely focused on the amendment’s legal merits, but rather became a debate about the nature and validity of gender roles. Generally, opponents of the ERA set the terms of the debate and connected the seemingly benign concept of legal equality between men and women with controversial issues like the conscription of women into the military, women’s freedom from the workplace and supposed right to the economic support of their husbands, religious interpretations of gender roles, and abortion. The struggle was primarily one between middle-class …
Low-Dose Dextromethorphan For The Treatment Of Pain In Fibromyalgia: A Single-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial, Stephanie Christina Mueller
Low-Dose Dextromethorphan For The Treatment Of Pain In Fibromyalgia: A Single-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial, Stephanie Christina Mueller
All ETDs from UAB
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a debilitating chronic pain condition. Its pathophysiology is largely unknown, which has hindered the development of effective treatments. Central sensitization and neuroinflammation have been forwarded as models of FM pathophysiology, both of which indicate the antitussive drug dextromethorphan (DXM) as a potentially effective treatment. DXM is an N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-receptor antagonist and microglial modulator with anti-neuroinflammatory properties at low doses. It is currently available for clinical use, but has not been tested as a treatment for FM at low dosages. The current study evaluated the effectiveness of DXM in treating FM-associated symptoms of pain, fatigue, cognitive problems, …
Oral Language In The Prewriting Stage In Early Childhood: A Mixed Methods Study, Rebekah Lee Reach
Oral Language In The Prewriting Stage In Early Childhood: A Mixed Methods Study, Rebekah Lee Reach
All ETDs from UAB
The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference oral language experiences during the prewriting stage of writing make in a student’s quality of writing, enjoyment of writing, and writing behaviors in kindergarten, first, and second grades. Convergent mixed methods design was used for this study. Triangulation of data was completed using three data collection methods: observations, student interviews, and writing samples produced by four kindergarten students, four first grade students, and four second grade students. Each participant engaged in a pretest and posttest for four weeks. The writing samples were scored, and repeated measure design was implemented using …