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Deep Sea Nature-Based Solutions To Climate Change, Nathalie Hilmi, Michael Sutherland, Shekoofeh Farahmand, Gunnar Haraldsson, Erik Van Doorn, Ekkehard Ernst, Mary S. Wisz, Astrid Claudel Rusin, Laura G. Elsler, Lisa A. Levin
Deep Sea Nature-Based Solutions To Climate Change, Nathalie Hilmi, Michael Sutherland, Shekoofeh Farahmand, Gunnar Haraldsson, Erik Van Doorn, Ekkehard Ernst, Mary S. Wisz, Astrid Claudel Rusin, Laura G. Elsler, Lisa A. Levin
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The deep sea (below 200 m depth) is the largest carbon sink on Earth. It hosts abundant biodiversity that underpins the carbon cycle and provides provisioning, supporting, regulating and cultural ecosystem services. There is growing attention to climate-regulating ocean ecosystem services from the scientific, business and political sectors. In this essay we synthesize the unique biophysical, socioeconomic and governance characteristics of the deep sea to critically assess opportunities for deep-sea blue carbon to mitigate climate change. Deep-sea blue carbon consists of carbon fluxes and storage including carbon transferred from the atmosphere by the inorganic and organic carbon pumps to deep …
Energy-Specific Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measurements From 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Using Liquefied Natural Gas, Kang-Ki Lee, Wilfried Hochegger, Alessandro Schonborn
Energy-Specific Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measurements From 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Using Liquefied Natural Gas, Kang-Ki Lee, Wilfried Hochegger, Alessandro Schonborn
Articles
This study reports the energy specific air emissions from a diesel-cycle high pressure injection dual fuel engine for operation on liquefied natural gas and heavy fuel oil. An experiment at sea was performed onboard a bulk carrier during commercial voyages, to measure the efficiency of the engine and to measure air emissions relevant to air pollution and climate impact for operation on both fuels. The measurements showed that the energy conversion efficiency of the engine was higher for operation on liquefied natural gas because its lower NOx emissions permitted the use of a higher effective compression ratio whilst meeting the …