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The Faces Of Substance Use: A Reverse Correlation Analysis Of Perceptions Of Alcohol And Cannabis Use, Madison Hallie Colby
The Faces Of Substance Use: A Reverse Correlation Analysis Of Perceptions Of Alcohol And Cannabis Use, Madison Hallie Colby
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Alcohol and cannabis are some of the most ubiquitous substances on college campuses. While the reason for use varies between each individual, from social lubricant to sleeping aid, nearly half of higher-education students endorse alcohol and/or cannabis use in the last month. Despite this popularity, there is still a deeply ingrained level of stigma around substance use and substance use disorders and people who use substances or struggle with substance use disorders are subject to a litany of damaging perceptions, such as being deemed violent, unpredictable, weak, and untrustworthy.. Most research on the stereotypic thinking surrounding substance use focuses on …
A Reevaluation Of Why Crypto-Detectors Fail: A Systematic Revaluation Of Cryptographic Misuse Detection Techniques, Scott Marsden
A Reevaluation Of Why Crypto-Detectors Fail: A Systematic Revaluation Of Cryptographic Misuse Detection Techniques, Scott Marsden
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The correct use of cryptography is central to ensuring data security in modern software systems. Hence, several academic and commercial static analysis tools have been developed for detecting and mitigating crypto-API misuse. While developers are optimistically adopting these crypto-API misuse detectors (or crypto-detectors) in their software development cycles, this momentum must be accompanied by a rigorous understanding of their effectiveness at finding crypto-API misuse in practice. The original paper presents the MASC framework, which enables a systematic and data-driven evaluation of crypto-detectors using mutation testing. MASC was grounded in a comprehensive view of the problem space by developing a data-driven …
The Role Of Stereotype And Moral Values In Predicting Victim Blaming, Jihye Choi
The Role Of Stereotype And Moral Values In Predicting Victim Blaming, Jihye Choi
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Exposing participants to a victim with different racial identities (Asian American vs. African American vs. White American) under two different types of misfortunes (poverty vs. disease), the present study aimed to find whether the victim-blaming patterns differ depending on the victim’s race and whether the difference in victim-blaming tendency could be explained by the interaction between pre-existing stereotypes and situational relevance.
Justice And Change: An Exploratory Case Study Of The Early Implementation Of The Restorative Justice Whole-School Model And Reculturing In A High School In The American South, Amber Weyland Rodenbo
Justice And Change: An Exploratory Case Study Of The Early Implementation Of The Restorative Justice Whole-School Model And Reculturing In A High School In The American South, Amber Weyland Rodenbo
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Discipline inequities across racial, gender, and socioeconomic barriers are a constant in the United States, persisting long after the desegregation of schools in the last century. School divisions and schools across the United States have implemented restorative justice as an alternative to traditional punitive discipline as a potential remedy for discipline inequities. To institute whole-school restorative justice, a change in school culture, or reculturing, must occur, per Fullan’s culture of change and coherence models. Using Fullan’s models, this research was a practice-oriented exploratory case study. The following sources of data were collected: interviews with administrators, an at-will survey sent to …
Implementation, Outcomes, And Perceived Effectiveness Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports (Pbis) In A Title I School: A Program Evaluation, Brady Payne
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Students who miss instructional time as a consequence of discipline infractions can manifest outcomes reflected in both dropout and incarceration rates. The school-to-prison pipeline refers to the impact of exclusionary responses to discipline infractions that push students out of school and into the criminal justice system. African American students of low socioeconomic status are often subjected to exclusionary discipline practices. Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) implementation aids the mitigation of discipline infractions, without relying on exclusionary practices. However, there is limited research on program efficacy and specific PBIS outcomes for African American students in combined Title I schools. This …
Learning-Based Ubiquitous Sensing For Solving Real-World Problems, Woosub Jung
Learning-Based Ubiquitous Sensing For Solving Real-World Problems, Woosub Jung
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Recently, as the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has become smaller and cheaper, ubiquitous sensing ability within these devices has become increasingly accessible. Learning methods have also become more complex in the field of computer science ac- cordingly. However, there remains a gap between these learning approaches and many problems in other disciplinary fields. In this dissertation, I investigate four different learning-based studies via ubiquitous sensing for solving real-world problems, such as in IoT security, athletics, and healthcare. First, I designed an online intrusion detection system for IoT devices via power auditing. To realize the real-time system, I created a …
Characterizing Changes In Participation And Diversification In Virginia's Small-Scale Commercial Fishing Industry, Shelby Brooke White
Characterizing Changes In Participation And Diversification In Virginia's Small-Scale Commercial Fishing Industry, Shelby Brooke White
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Small-scale fisheries represent a diverse and dynamic portion of the global commercial fishing population and serve as a source of food security, income, and livelihood for many individuals and contribute to the development of local community and regional identities. Virginia’s small-scale commercial fisheries offer similar benefits, accounting for a significant portion of the state’s total annual landings and employing thousands of individuals. Despite the value of these fisheries, the number of commercial licenses has declined over the past few decades. Declines are attributed to various factors but indicate potential shifts in participation and resource dependence that may be consequential. Similar …
Exploring Software Licensing Issues Faced By Legal Practitioners, Nathan James Wintersgill
Exploring Software Licensing Issues Faced By Legal Practitioners, Nathan James Wintersgill
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Most modern software products incorporate open source components, which requires compliance with each component’s licenses. As noncompliance can lead to significant repercussions, organizations often seek advice from legal practitioners to maintain license compliance, address licensing issues, and manage the risks of noncompliance. While legal practitioners play a critical role in the process, little is known in the software engineering community about their experiences within the open source license compliance ecosystem. To fill this knowledge gap, a joint team of software engineering and legal researchers designed and conducted a survey with 30 legal practitioners and related occupations and then held 16 …
Leveraging Technology To Support The Goals Of Dual Language Bilingual Education: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Study, Paola Gabriela Mendizábal
Leveraging Technology To Support The Goals Of Dual Language Bilingual Education: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Study, Paola Gabriela Mendizábal
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This explanatory sequential mixed methods study explored how and why dual language (DL) teachers used technology and the extent to which their use of technology supported the goals of DL of bilingualism, biliteracy, academic achievement, and sociocultural competence. The study was guided by Mishra and Koehler’s (2006) technological pedagogical content framework, Bunch’s (2013) pedagogical language knowledge, Biesta’s et al. (2015) teacher agency framework, and Moersch’s (1997) levels of technology implementation framework. In the quantitative phase, data was collected with an original survey, and in the qualitative phase, data was generated through observations, interviews, and artifacts. Survey responses were analyzed using …
Mapping The Contemporary American Public Sphere With Habermas, Deleuze, And Soderbergh, Hunter Main
Mapping The Contemporary American Public Sphere With Habermas, Deleuze, And Soderbergh, Hunter Main
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
However infirm “the public” may be as a political body in America today, its presence as idea in American life is still potent. This thesis seeks to take a first step in developing an idea of what a contemporary American public looks like and how it functions, using concepts developed by Jürgen Habermas, Chantal Mouffe, and Gilles Deleuze & Félix Guattari. The Habermasian “public sphere” is a major reference point for popular thinking about the public, and The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere is indeed an exemplary historical and critical account of the wide range of forces that cohered …
Impacts And Uncertainties Of Climate Change On The Chesapeake Bay, Kyle E. Hinson
Impacts And Uncertainties Of Climate Change On The Chesapeake Bay, Kyle E. Hinson
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Climate change impacts in the Chesapeake Bay will limit the efficacy of nutrient reduction efforts and decrease dissolved oxygen, but uncertainties associated with the magnitude of these effects remain. An understanding of underlying mechanisms that have driven recent warming trends will narrow uncertainties for future pathways of temperature change. Additionally, future simulations of climate impacts in the estuary are dependent on multiple different sources of uncertainty, many of which have not yet been fully evaluated. This dissertation used a three- dimensional coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model to investigate recent warming trends as well as underlying uncertainties likely to influence regional projections of …
Constraining Of The Minerνa Medium Energy Neutrino Flux Using Neutrino-Electron Scattering, Luis Zazueta
Constraining Of The Minerνa Medium Energy Neutrino Flux Using Neutrino-Electron Scattering, Luis Zazueta
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments rely on the flux from accelerator-based neutrino beams. As experimental neutrino physics moves to the next generation of experiments a precise characterization of the neutrino flux on a given experiment becomes crucial to the goals of the experiments: to precisely determine the neutrino oscillation parameters.This work takes advantage of neutrino-electron scattering processes for their precisely predicted cross section. The observed number of scattering events can be used as a benchmark to constrain the neutrino flux. A measurement was made of the energy spectrum of neutrino-electron elastic scattering (νe-→νe-), using data from the antineutrino-enhanced run period …
Fostering The Funny: A Case Study Of Undergraduate Women In Collegiate Comedy Troupes, Jaymi Courtenay Thomas
Fostering The Funny: A Case Study Of Undergraduate Women In Collegiate Comedy Troupes, Jaymi Courtenay Thomas
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
During a global pandemic, another pandemic of loneliness impacted undergraduate college students and influenced the way members of the 18-25-year-old population lived and learned throughout a time of intentional distancing. Additionally, the insurgence of loneliness impacts members of the 18-25 age group in startling rates. This qualitative case study explored how undergraduate women who participate in comedy troupes fostered community while living and learning during a global pandemic known as COVID-19 between the spring of 2020 and the fall of 2021. The research added to the body of knowledge on how comedy and levity can enhance wellness and how humor …
Identifying Factors Controlling Dinophysis Spp. Feeding, Growth, And Toxin Production Through Field And Lab Studies, Vanessa R. Strohm
Identifying Factors Controlling Dinophysis Spp. Feeding, Growth, And Toxin Production Through Field And Lab Studies, Vanessa R. Strohm
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their associated phycotoxins pose a threat to both human and shellfish health around the world. Dinophysis spp., a causative organism of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in humans, and its two toxin classes: dinophysistoxins (DTXs) and pectenotoxins (PTXs), have been documented throughout the year in the Chesapeake Bay. While DTX concentrations currently remain below regulatory limits in regional seafood products, further research is needed to understand environmental drivers, both biotic and abiotic, that may be impacting Dinophysis spp. feeding on prey, growth, and toxin production. To characterize populations of Dinophysis in situ, an Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) …
Is Diversity Dammed? Analysis Of Fish Diversity In Dammed And Undammed Estuary Streams Within The Virginia Peninsula Using Environmental Dna (Edna), Melinda Ann Spence
Is Diversity Dammed? Analysis Of Fish Diversity In Dammed And Undammed Estuary Streams Within The Virginia Peninsula Using Environmental Dna (Edna), Melinda Ann Spence
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Anthropogenic activities are the leading cause to biodiversity decline worldwide. It has been well documented that large dams disrupt dispersal and alter local habitat often leading to less diverse aquatic systems. Yet, it is not well known how much more numerous smaller dams impact fish communities in estuary systems where dispersal is a critical part of the ecosystem, or how dams affect variation in species composition across sites (beta diversity). Coastal waterways of Virginia are impounded by hundreds of small dams. Here we used eDNA (environmental DNA) to assess the alpha, beta, and gamma diversity of fish species within the …
Landscapes Of Silence At The First Baptist Church, Victoria R. Gum
Landscapes Of Silence At The First Baptist Church, Victoria R. Gum
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The Historic Area of Colonial Williamsburg is often presented as a “town which time passed by” (Yetter 1988:30). This narrative implies that the museum landscape reflects the actual past and that restoration efforts simply returned the town to the way it used to be. However, the Restoration was accomplished according to specific ideological goals. Colonial Williamsburg was created as a shrine to traditionalist, conservative values (Greenspan 2002; Handler & Gable 1997; Lindgren 1989; Lindgren 1993) which are intrinsically linked to the global structure of systemic White supremacy. These values were enacted during the Restoration, as Black residents of the future …
The Association Between Sociodemographic Risk, Parental Substance Use, And Child Emotion Regulation Capabilities, Lydia Fay Bierce
The Association Between Sociodemographic Risk, Parental Substance Use, And Child Emotion Regulation Capabilities, Lydia Fay Bierce
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Emotion regulation, defined as the ability to modulate one’s emotional experiences in order to navigate social interactions successfully and attain goals, has been associated with social competence, adjustment, and resilience during early childhood and beyond. Family-level risk factors have been linked to differences in emerging emotion regulation skills, measured at both the behavioral and physiological level. The current study investigated two familial risk factors, sociodemographic risk and parental substance use, as predictors of toddlers’ emotion regulation. Participants were 117 parent-toddler dyads recruited across a range of sociodemographic risk. Dyads completed a structured series of parent-child interaction tasks, including a resting …
The Experiences Of Colorism For South Asian Women: A Qualitative Study, Aishwarya Nambiar
The Experiences Of Colorism For South Asian Women: A Qualitative Study, Aishwarya Nambiar
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Research has limitedly explored how colorism shapes the mental health and well-being of South Asian women across the diaspora. The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenology study was to understand how South Asian women experience colorism and how these experiences shape their mental health and well-being. A total of 14 participants were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews and an artifact symbolizing experiences of colorism served as the methods of data collection. Critical Race Theory and Womanism were employed as the theoretical framework and the lens in which data was analyzed. A total of six main themes emerged in the study. The themes and …
Succession Of The Late Summer Phytoplankton Blooms In The York River Estuary, Va, Heather Kathleen Corson
Succession Of The Late Summer Phytoplankton Blooms In The York River Estuary, Va, Heather Kathleen Corson
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The influence of bottom-up and top-down controls on the formation and persistence of phytoplankton blooms has been well studied. However, the relative importance of these bottom-up and top-down controls vary spatially and temporally. In the tidal tributaries and mainstem of Chesapeake Bay, the summer dinoflagellate population follows a succession of bloom-producing species. The dinoflagellate species Margalefidinium polykrikoides and Alexandrium monilatum are currently considered the end of this succession. These species form near-annual blooms in the lower half of Chesapeake Bay and are considered harmful algal bloom (HAB) species due to their negative ecological impacts. However, analysis of long-term monitoring data …
Measuring The Impact Of A School-Based Contemplative Practice For Adolescents, Jennifer K. Niles
Measuring The Impact Of A School-Based Contemplative Practice For Adolescents, Jennifer K. Niles
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Throughout growing literature, contemplative practices have been identified as effective approaches to promote wellness in adolescence and young adulthood, with calls to incorporate contemplative approaches in the school setting. One type of contemplative practice called loving-kindness meditation (LKM) offers practitioners with a method for extending compassion toward self and others, and shows promise for strengthening individuals’ wellbeing. Yet, despite its indicated benefits, studies of LKM with youth are minimal, and studies of LKM interventions in the school setting are scarce. The goal of this study was to examine students’ inner resources and protective factors prior to and following a school-based …
Mid-Atlantic State Virtual Program Teachers' Instructional Planning Beliefs And Practices, Yanping Mo
Mid-Atlantic State Virtual Program Teachers' Instructional Planning Beliefs And Practices, Yanping Mo
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Technology development is shifting teaching modality and online education has become a normal teaching mode. This shift informed teachers of changes in instructional planning. To help teachers better understand planning for online instruction, this study investigates Mid-Atlantic State Virtual Program K-12 teachers’ online instructional planning beliefs and practices through a sequential explanatory mixed method. A total of 73 teachers participated in the survey, and 15 were interviewed. Through descriptive statistical analysis and thematic analysis, this study reveals that (1) eight elements are identified as key elements to online instructional planning. Among them, six align with the framework used in this …
Women In The Records Of The Virginia Company Of London, Martha Louise Reiner
Women In The Records Of The Virginia Company Of London, Martha Louise Reiner
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
My thesis presents women from the Records of the Virginia Company of London, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1906, Library of Congress online. During the 1619-1624 years of the records’ Court Book, Lady Lawarr, widow of Virginia’s first governor named by the Company, was important in distributing Virginia Company shares. Lady Lawarr worked, usually with an agent, to transfer shares from Lawarr’s estate to diverse people. Women had surprising agency in dealing with the Company, but there were some limits. There were delays in implementing grants for compensations. Some women worked with agents to get property owed to them. Petitions filed …
Understanding K-12 Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence: Theory, Measurement, And Validation, Ke Huang
Understanding K-12 Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence: Theory, Measurement, And Validation, Ke Huang
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Teacher emotional intelligence (EI) plays an important role in teachers’ professional lives. After surveying the topic and the gaps in the relevant literature, I conducted three studies to advance our current understanding of teachers’ EI. The first study involved a meta-analysis review that examined the relationship between K-12 teachers’ EI, self-efficacy, and burnout. It found that there is a significant positive relationship between K-12 teachers’ EI and teacher self-efficacy as well as a significant negative relationship between teachers’ EI and teacher burnout. The second study involved developing and testing the Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence Scale (TEIS), which measures teachers’ EI in …
Development Of 3d And 360 Gis-Based Models To Visualize Projected Sea Level Rise In Coastal Virginia, Candice M. Vinson
Development Of 3d And 360 Gis-Based Models To Visualize Projected Sea Level Rise In Coastal Virginia, Candice M. Vinson
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Science communication is a skill that can be strengthened with practice. Like any skill, it helps to know what you need to practice in order to get better at it. When presenting information to an audience, the skill of science communication comes into play as early as the first draft of a presentation. As you think about how you will tell your story to the audience, you likely consider including text on slides, images, graphs, maps, or even videos. However, it is crucial to remember that accessibility barriers are something we must often consciously work to rid our presentations of, …
Healing Culturally Induced Trauma From Marvin’S Room To The Indian Boarding School, Angie Jocelin Leiva
Healing Culturally Induced Trauma From Marvin’S Room To The Indian Boarding School, Angie Jocelin Leiva
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This master’s thesis portfolio is analyzing the music of contemporary hip-hop artists and the autobiographical work of 20th-century Indigenous writer and political activist Zitkala-Ša. A close reading methodology is used to analyze all the writing included in this body of work. The purpose is to examine the importance of community building within Black and Indigenous communities in the wake of political and social injustice. This portfolio uses the theoretical work of Audrey Lorde, Sianne Nagi, and Robert Warrior to provide support for the central thesis. All the subjects in this portfolio are writing from a first-person point of view and …
Effects Of Environmental Stress From A Changing Climate On Populations Of Commercially Important Bivalves Along The Eastern Coast Of The United States, Anthony Robert Himes
Effects Of Environmental Stress From A Changing Climate On Populations Of Commercially Important Bivalves Along The Eastern Coast Of The United States, Anthony Robert Himes
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation evaluates population-level variability in physiological tolerances to environmental stressors in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, two ecologically and economically important bivalve species that inhabit the eastern coast of the United States. In Chapter 2, an assessment of the acidification tolerance of larval eastern oysters spawned from two reefs in Chesapeake Bay revealed physiological differences under control and acidified conditions. Differences observed at control conditions indicate potential variations in basal metabolic processes, while the variations in acidification tolerance illustrate the potential for some oyster populations to possess greater resilience to ongoing acidification. More …
"I Just Couldn't Do It Anymore": A Study Of Post-Pandemic Teacher Burnout, Jeremy Riggs
"I Just Couldn't Do It Anymore": A Study Of Post-Pandemic Teacher Burnout, Jeremy Riggs
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Teachers are burning out at an elevated rate following the COVID-19 pandemic and little research has been conducted to understand what is contributing to their burnout. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand what factors in the post-shutdown pandemic environment are contributing to burnout in veteran teachers (teachers with more than 10 years of teaching experience), and why some of these teachers subsequently decided to leave the profession. The central research question was, what factors are contributing to burnout in veteran teachers in the post-shutdown pandemic environment? The theoretical framework used in this study was the Job-Demands Resources …
Comparing Low Salinity Transcriptomic Profiles Among Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria, Lines, Leslie Speight Youtsey
Comparing Low Salinity Transcriptomic Profiles Among Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria, Lines, Leslie Speight Youtsey
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The hard clam is an important ecological and economic resource along the U.S. Eastern Seaboard. In Virginia alone, farm gate sales were estimated at $38.8 million in 2018 and $57.8 million in 2021, making Virginia the largest producer of hard clams in the U.S. This industry is primarily limited to higher salinity habitats on the seaside of the Eastern Shore of Virginia and lower Chesapeake Bay. Although the hard clam can be found in lower salinity habitats, they do not grow or survive at rates that are practical for productive aquaculture. Even in areas of higher salinity, hard clams are …
Organizational Learning In Higher Education: Building Staff Capacity, Rosanna Koppelmann
Organizational Learning In Higher Education: Building Staff Capacity, Rosanna Koppelmann
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Organizational learning has been studied and researched as a construct for organizational improvement. Although its definitions are varied, scholars continue to integrate its use through various disciplinary approaches. It has been studied at the organizational level, but not as much research has taken place at the individual level where day-to-day activities and tasks of the university take place. The goal of this study was therefore to understand the organizational learning processes individuals use in their day-to-day work. This phenomenological study sought to understand the specific activities or tasks individuals perform to acquire, share, and use knowledge throughout the organization. The …
Ecology Of Larval Fishes Along The Western Antarctic Peninsula: Climate-Change Impact, Taxonomy, Phenology, And Thermal Tolerance, Andrew Derik Corso
Ecology Of Larval Fishes Along The Western Antarctic Peninsula: Climate-Change Impact, Taxonomy, Phenology, And Thermal Tolerance, Andrew Derik Corso
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The Antarctic fish fauna is unique, with approximately 88% of the ~375 known species endemic to the Southern Ocean. One group, the perciform suborder Notothenioidei, dominates fish richness and biomass. These fishes possess several traits that allow existence in frigid conditions, but also limit their ability to cope with temperature increases due to climate change. In the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region, a combination of anthropogenic impacts, including climate change and fishing pressure, threaten these fishes. The WAP is one of the most rapidly warming regions globally (3.4 °C per century) and has the highest fishing pressure for Antarctic krill …