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Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: Multicountry Prevalence And Dementia Risk, Joe Verghese, Cedric Annweiler, Emmeline Ayers, Nir Barzilai, Olivier Beauchet, David A Bennett, Stephanie A Bridenbaugh, Aron S Buchman, Michele L Callisaya, Richard Camicioli, Benjamin Capistrant, Somnath Chatterji, Anne-Marie De Cock, Luigi Ferrucci, Nir Giladi, Jack M Guralnik, Jeffrey M Hausdorff, Roee Holtzer, Ki Woong Kim, Paul Kowal, Reto W Kressig, Jae-Young Lim, Susan Lord, Kenichi Meguro, Manuel Montero-Odasso, Susan W. Hunter, Mohan L Noone, Lynn Rochester, Velandai Srikanth, Cuiling Wang

Physical Therapy Publications

OBJECTIVES: Our objective is to report prevalence of motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), a newly described predementia syndrome characterized by slow gait and cognitive complaints, in multiple countries, and its association with dementia risk.

METHODS: Pooled MCR prevalence analysis of individual data from 26,802 adults without dementia and disability aged 60 years and older from 22 cohorts from 17 countries. We also examined risk of incident cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination decline ≥4 points) and dementia associated with MCR in 4,812 individuals without dementia with baseline Mini-Mental State Examination scores ≥25 from 4 prospective cohort studies using Cox models adjusted …

Three-Dimensional Carotid Ultrasound Plaque Texture Predicts Vascular Events, Arna Van Engelen, Thapat Wannarong, Grace Parraga, Wiro J Niessen, Aaron Fenster, J David Spence, Marleen De Bruijne

Medical Biophysics Publications

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carotid ultrasound atherosclerosis measurements, including those of the arterial wall and plaque, provide a way to monitor patients at risk of vascular events. Our objective was to examine carotid ultrasound plaque texture measurements and the change in carotid plaque texture during 1 year in patients at risk of events and to compare these with measurements of plaque volume and other risk factors as predictors of vascular events.

METHODS: We evaluated 298 patients with carotid atherosclerosis using 3-dimensional (3D) ultrasound at baseline and after 1 year and measured carotid plaque volume and 376 measures of plaque texture. Patients …

Quantitative Relaxometry And Diffusion Mri For Lateralization In Mts And Non-Mts Temporal Lobe Epilepsy., Ali R Khan, Maged Goubran, Sandrine De Ribaupierre, Robert R Hammond, Jorge G Burneo, Andrew G Parrent, Terry M Peters

Robarts Imaging Publications

We developed novel methodology for investigating the use of quantitative relaxometry (T1 and T2) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for lateralization in temporal lobe epilepsy. Patients with mesial temporal sclerosis confirmed by pathology (N=8) and non-MTS unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (N=6) were compared against healthy controls (N=19) using voxel-based analysis restricted to the anterior temporal lobes, and laterality indices for each MRI metric (T1, T2, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity, axial and radial diffusivities) were computed based on the proportion of significant voxels on each side. The diffusivity metrics were the most lateralizing MRI metrics in MTS and non-MTS subsets, …

Effect Of Age On The Hemodynamic And Sympathetic Responses At The Onset Of Isometric Handgrip Exercise., Sophie Lalande, Carolyn P Sawicki, Jacquie R Baker, Kevin Shoemaker

Kinesiology Publications

Cardiac and peripheral vasomotor factors contribute to the rapid pressor response at the onset of isometric handgrip exercise. We tested the hypothesis that age enhances the sympathetic and vasoconstrictor response at the onset of isometric handgrip exercise so that the pressor response is maintained, despite a diminished cardiac function. Twelve young and twelve older (24 ± 3 and 63 ± 8 yr) individuals performed 20-s isometric handgrip exercise at 30, 40, or 50% of maximal voluntary contraction force. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) was measured using microneurography. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output (Q) were assessed continuously by finger …

What Are Ventilation Defects In Asthma?, Sarah Svenningsen, Miranda Kirby, Danielle Starr, Harvey O Coxson, Nigel A M Paterson, David G Mccormack, Grace Parraga

Medical Biophysics Publications

BACKGROUND: Hyperpolarised (3)He MRI provides a way to visualise regional pulmonary functional abnormalities that in asthma are thought to be related to airway morphological abnormalities. However, the exact aetiology of ventilation defects in asthma is not well understood.

OBJECTIVE: To better understand the determinants of ventilation defects in asthma, we evaluated well-established clinical as well as (3)He MRI and X-ray CT airway measurements in healthy subjects and subjects with asthma.

METHODS: Thirty-four subjects (n=26 subjects with asthma, n=8 healthy volunteers) underwent MRI, spirometry, plethysmography, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide analysis, methacholine challenge and CT for a region-of-interest proximal to ventilation …