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Evidence Of Temporal Coding In A Forward Masking Task, Gregory John Fleet
Evidence Of Temporal Coding In A Forward Masking Task, Gregory John Fleet
Digitized Theses
The use of masking to study the auditory system's frequency selectivity characteristics has been quite extensive. From these studies, a specific model of spectral analysis has been developed that emphasizes the energy distribution across frequency. This perspective is acceptable when describing the processing of simple tones, but certainly lacking when interest is in a description of the processing of more complex stimuli. The following experiments examined the ability of sinusoidal signals to mask single- and double-frequency probes. The paradigm was similar to that used in psychophysical tuning curve studies: the masker level was adapted to just mask a low-level probe …
Target-Directed Locomotion: A Critique Of The Short-Term Memory For Spatial Locations Proposed By Thomson, Runa Elizabeth Steenhuis
Target-Directed Locomotion: A Critique Of The Short-Term Memory For Spatial Locations Proposed By Thomson, Runa Elizabeth Steenhuis
Digitized Theses
This thesis presents a systematic examination of a common visuomotor behavior--locomotion directed to a target in the immediate environment.;The first part of the thesis focuses on an attempt to replicate an earlier finding of a highly accurate transitory short-term memory for target locations (Thomson, 1980, 1983). No evidence of such an accurate short-term memory was found here. The distance to the target, not the elapsed time, affected accuracy of walks with eyes closed. Delays of 2 and 4 s between viewing the target and walking did not result in a deterioration of performance. A 30 s delay did result in …
Maternal Adaptation To A Hearing-Impaired Child: A Comparison Of The Mediating And Moderating Effects Of Social Support And Personality, Alexandra Louise Quittner
Maternal Adaptation To A Hearing-Impaired Child: A Comparison Of The Mediating And Moderating Effects Of Social Support And Personality, Alexandra Louise Quittner
Digitized Theses
The current study assessed the relationships among parenting stress, social support, marital satisfaction and psychological adjustment in a sample of 96 mothers of hearing impaired preschoolers and 118 matched mothers of nondisabled children. Two competing models of the effects of social support and specific personality variables on adjustment were tested: the "buffer" and mediator models. Respondents completed a structured interview and a series of standardized questionnaires. Factor analyses of the independent variables yielded two dimensions of parenting stress and three dimensions of social support.;Significant group differences were obtained on the measures of parenting stress, marital satisfaction and psychological adjustment. Moderating …
Retrieval Inhibition In Human Memory: An Extension And Evaluation Of The Sam Theory, Andrew Scott Patrick
Retrieval Inhibition In Human Memory: An Extension And Evaluation Of The Sam Theory, Andrew Scott Patrick
Digitized Theses
Retrieval inhibition occurs when related information presented during the act of remembering inhibits recall performance. In the part-list cuing paradigm, subjects are presented with part of a list and asked to recall the rest of the list. A comparison with an uncued condition shows that recall is reduced by the part-list cues. This finding is important because many memory theories propose that lists of words are learned by forming associations between the words and, thus, part-list cues should allow subjects to follow these associations and increase their recall. Shiffrin's SAM (Search of Associative Memory) theory of memory retrieval provides the …
The Cholinergic Septohippocampal Projection And Hippocampal Activity In Waking Behavior, Sleep And Anesthesia, Dwight James Stewart
The Cholinergic Septohippocampal Projection And Hippocampal Activity In Waking Behavior, Sleep And Anesthesia, Dwight James Stewart
Digitized Theses
The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effects of lesions of the septohippocampal system on hippocampal rhythmical slow activity (RSA) and large amplitude irregular activity (LIA). Slow wave activity was recorded from rat hippocampus during waking behaviors and following the administration of atropine or urethane after either an intraseptal injection of ibotenic acid, an intracerebroventricular injection of ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A) or control solutions. Hippocampal activity was also investigated during quiet and active sleep following ibotenic acid or control treatment.;Ibotenic acid selectively abolished the atropine-sensitive form of RSA normally seen during tonic periods of active sleep and during …
Perceptions Of Children's Moral Reasoning, Susan Louise Bryant
Perceptions Of Children's Moral Reasoning, Susan Louise Bryant
Digitized Theses
Moral judgment has been a popular area of interest over the past few decades as researchers have begun to consider adults' perceptions of the moral reasoning abilities of others. The present thesis provided an extension to this previous research and considered adults' awareness of young children's moral judgment skills.;The first study examined adults' predictions of moral reasoning for different-aged children. Adults' prescriptions for advice they would offer to teach moral reasoning were also assessed at three age levels. Comparisons revealed that the adults were able to predict the moral performance of the children. Their prescriptions, however, did not reflect an …
Life History Analysis And Individual Differences In Humans: A Test Of The Application Of An R/K Analysis, Dwight S. Mazmanian
Life History Analysis And Individual Differences In Humans: A Test Of The Application Of An R/K Analysis, Dwight S. Mazmanian
Digitized Theses
A number of psychologists have begun to apply principles from evolutionary biology to their domains in an attempt to provide an integrated model of human behaviour. One such application, a theory based on the r/K continuum of reproductive strategies, postulates that a single heritable reproductive dimension underlies a broad range of individual differences in life histories, physiological functioning, and social behaviour (Rushton, 1985). The two experiments reported here provide a test of this theory. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine if such a reproductive dimension exists and the extent of its heritability. Numerous reproductive and other variables from a sample …
Age Differences In Cognitive Monitoring, Margaret Christine Brigham
Age Differences In Cognitive Monitoring, Margaret Christine Brigham
Digitized Theses
Metacognitive knowledge regulates and directs cognitive activity. Thus, if metacognitive knowledge deteriorates with age cognitive performance as a whole will suffer. The focus of the present research was on assessing age differences in metacognitive knowledge. The cognitive tasks used were: vocabulary learning with two differentially effective learning strategies, prose recall, vocabulary defining and digit span.;On each task subjects were asked to predict their performance either before study, after study (in the case of the prose task only) or after testing. Following the model of Pressley and associates (e.g., Pressley, Ross, Levin and Ghatala, 1984) the ability to monitor ongoing cognitive …
An Empirical Classification Of University Lecturing Styles, Denise Frances Mclean
An Empirical Classification Of University Lecturing Styles, Denise Frances Mclean
Digitized Theses
The goal of this research was to develop and validate an empirical classification of naturally occurring teaching styles in university undergraduate lecture courses. Teaching style was described in terms of patterns of observable classroom teaching behavior.;In the first study, the classification was developed with reference to an initial sample of 298 university lecturers. Each instructor was observed by student raters, who judged the frequency of occurrence of 100 low-inference behaviours. Student ratings were averaged within classes and eight scale scores were computed. A cluster analysis identified six groups of instructors, with members of each group homogeneous in terms of their …
The Relationship Of Visual-Perceptual Skills, Vision And Physical Attributes To Motion Sickness Susceptibility, Ricki Lisa Ladowsky
The Relationship Of Visual-Perceptual Skills, Vision And Physical Attributes To Motion Sickness Susceptibility, Ricki Lisa Ladowsky
Digitized Theses
The purpose of this dissertation was to re-examine previously reported correlates and to identify new correlates of susceptibility to motion sickness. Susceptibility to motion sickness was measured with questionnaires in studies 1 and 2, and with both questionnaires and rotation-induced sickness in study 3.;In study 1, it was found that males who were moderately susceptible to motion sickness performed significantly worse on tests of spatial ability than those who were more susceptible or more resistant. In females there was a non-significant trend for susceptibility to increase as performance on certain tests of spatial ability increased.;Study 2 attempted to identify additional …