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2021

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Ukraine Crisis, 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis Share Disturbing Similarities, Erika Vg Simpson Prof. Dec 2021

Ukraine Crisis, 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis Share Disturbing Similarities, Erika Vg Simpson Prof.

Political Science Publications

No abstract provided.

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Putative Concussion Biomarkers Identified In Adolescent Male Athletes Using Targeted Plasma Proteomics, Michael R. Miller, Michael Robinson, Lisa Fischer, Alicia Dibattista, Maitray A. Patel, Mark Daley, Robert Bartha, Gregory A. Dekaban, Ravi S. Menon, J. Kevin Shoemaker, Eleftherios P. Diamandis, Ioannis Prassas, Douglas D. Fraser Dec 2021

Putative Concussion Biomarkers Identified In Adolescent Male Athletes Using Targeted Plasma Proteomics, Michael R. Miller, Michael Robinson, Lisa Fischer, Alicia Dibattista, Maitray A. Patel, Mark Daley, Robert Bartha, Gregory A. Dekaban, Ravi S. Menon, J. Kevin Shoemaker, Eleftherios P. Diamandis, Ioannis Prassas, Douglas D. Fraser

Medical Biophysics Publications

Sport concussions can be difficult to diagnose and if missed, they can expose athletes to greater injury risk and long-lasting neurological disabilities. Discovery of objective biomarkers to aid concussion diagnosis is critical to protecting athlete brain health. To this end, we performed targeted proteomics on plasma obtained from adolescent athletes suffering a sports concussion. A total of 11 concussed male athletes were enrolled at our academic Sport Medicine Concussion Clinic, as well as 24 sex-, age- and activity-matched healthy control subjects. Clinical evaluation was performed and blood was drawn within 72 h of injury. Proximity extension assays were performed for …

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Pura-Related Developmental And Epileptic Encephalopathy Phenotypic And Genotypic Spectrum, Katrine M. Johannesen, Elena Gardella, Cathrine E. Gjerulfsen, Allan Bayat, Rob P.W. Rouhl, Margot Reijnders, Sandra Whalen, Boris Keren, Julien Buratti, Thomas Courtin, Klaas J. Wierenga, Bertrand Isidor, Amélie Piton, Laurence Faivre, Aurore Garde, Sébastien Moutton, Frédéric Tran-Mau-Them, Anne Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Christine Coubes, Austin Larson, Michael J. Esser, Juan Pablo Appendino, Walla Al-Hertani, Beatriz Gamboni, Alejandra Mampel, Lía Mayorga, Alessandro Orsini, Alice Bonuccelli, Agnese Suppiej Dec 2021

Pura-Related Developmental And Epileptic Encephalopathy Phenotypic And Genotypic Spectrum, Katrine M. Johannesen, Elena Gardella, Cathrine E. Gjerulfsen, Allan Bayat, Rob P.W. Rouhl, Margot Reijnders, Sandra Whalen, Boris Keren, Julien Buratti, Thomas Courtin, Klaas J. Wierenga, Bertrand Isidor, Amélie Piton, Laurence Faivre, Aurore Garde, Sébastien Moutton, Frédéric Tran-Mau-Them, Anne Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Christine Coubes, Austin Larson, Michael J. Esser, Juan Pablo Appendino, Walla Al-Hertani, Beatriz Gamboni, Alejandra Mampel, Lía Mayorga, Alessandro Orsini, Alice Bonuccelli, Agnese Suppiej

Paediatrics Publications

Background and Objectives Purine-rich element-binding protein A (PURA) gene encodes Pur-α, a conserved protein essential for normal postnatal brain development. Recently, a PURA syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, hypotonia, epilepsy, and dysmorphic features was suggested. The aim of this study was to define and expand the phenotypic spectrum of PURA syndrome by collecting data, including EEG, from a large cohort of affected patients. Methods Data on unpublished and published cases were collected through the PURA Syndrome Foundation and the literature. Data on clinical, genetic, neuroimaging, and neurophysiologic features were obtained. Results A cohort of 142 patients was included. Characteristics of …

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A Na+/K+ Atpase Pump Regulates Chondrocyte Differentiation And Bone Length Variation In Mice, Marta Marchini, Mitchell R. Ashkin, Melina Bellini, Margaret Man Ger Sun, Matthew Lloyd Workentine, Hamza Malik Okuyan, Roman Krawetz, Frank Beier, Campbell Rolian Dec 2021

A Na+/K+ Atpase Pump Regulates Chondrocyte Differentiation And Bone Length Variation In Mice, Marta Marchini, Mitchell R. Ashkin, Melina Bellini, Margaret Man Ger Sun, Matthew Lloyd Workentine, Hamza Malik Okuyan, Roman Krawetz, Frank Beier, Campbell Rolian

Paediatrics Publications

The genetic and developmental mechanisms involved in limb formation are relatively well documented, but how these mechanisms are modulated by changes in chondrocyte physiology to produce differences in limb bone length remains unclear. Here, we used high throughput RNA sequencing (RNAseq) to probe the developmental genetic basis of variation in limb bone length in Longshanks, a mouse model of experimental evolution. We find that increased tibia length in Longshanks is associated with altered expression of a few key endochondral ossification genes such as Npr3, Dlk1, Sox9, and Sfrp1, as well reduced expression of Fxyd2, a facultative subunit of the cell …

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Mechanism Of Thermal Protein Aggregation: Experiments And Molecular Dynamics Simulations On The High-Temperature Behavior Of Myoglobin., Yuen Ki Ng, Nastaran N Tajoddin, Pablo M Scrosati, Lars Konermann Dec 2021

Mechanism Of Thermal Protein Aggregation: Experiments And Molecular Dynamics Simulations On The High-Temperature Behavior Of Myoglobin., Yuen Ki Ng, Nastaran N Tajoddin, Pablo M Scrosati, Lars Konermann

Chemistry Publications

Proteins that encounter unfavorable solvent conditions are prone to aggregation, a phenomenon that remains poorly understood. This work focuses on myoglobin (Mb) as a model protein. Upon heating, Mb produces amorphous aggregates. Thermal unfolding experiments at low concentration (where aggregation is negligible), along with centrifugation assays, imply that Mb aggregation proceeds via globally unfolded conformers. This contrasts studies on other proteins that emphasized the role of partially folded structures as aggregate precursors. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to gain insights into the mechanism by which heat-unfolded Mb molecules associate with one another. A prerequisite for these simulations was the …

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From Counting To Retrieving: Neural Networks Underlying Alphabet Arithmetic Learning, Wim Fias, Muhammet Ikbal Sahan, Daniel Ansari, Ian M. Lyons Dec 2021

From Counting To Retrieving: Neural Networks Underlying Alphabet Arithmetic Learning, Wim Fias, Muhammet Ikbal Sahan, Daniel Ansari, Ian M. Lyons

Paediatrics Publications

This fMRI study aimed at unraveling the neural basis of learning alphabet arithmetic facts, as a proxy of the transition from slow and effortful procedural counting-based processing to fast and effortless processing as it occurs in learning addition arithmetic facts. Neural changes were tracked while participants solved alphabet arithmetic problems in a verification task (e.g., F + 4 = J). Problems were repeated across four learning blocks. Two neural networks with opposed learning-related changes were identified. Activity in a network consisting of basal ganglia and parieto-frontal areas decreased with learning, which is in line with a reduction of the involvement …

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Surface Pressure Measurements In Translating Tornado-Like Vortices, Aya Kassab, Chowdhury Jubaye, Arash Ashraf, Horia Hangan Dec 2021

Surface Pressure Measurements In Translating Tornado-Like Vortices, Aya Kassab, Chowdhury Jubaye, Arash Ashraf, Horia Hangan

Civil and Environmental Engineering Publications

High spatial and temporal surface pressure measurements were carried out in the state-of-the-art tornado simulator, the Wind Engineering, Energy and Environment (WindEEE) Dome, to explore the characteristics of stationary and translating tornado-like vortices (TLV) for a wide range of swirl ratios (𝑆=0.21 to 1.03). The translational speed of the TLV and the surface roughness were varied to examine their effects on tornado ground pressures, wandering, and vortex structure. It was found that wandering is more pronounced at low swirl ratios and has a substantial effect on the peak pressure magnitude for stationary TLV (error percentage ≤ 35%). A new method …

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Metal Release From A Biomedical Cocrmo Alloy In Mixed Protein Solutions Under Static And Sliding Conditions: Effects Of Protein Aggregation And Metal Precipitation, Zheng Wei, Valentine Romanovski, Luimar Filho, Cecilia Persson, Yolanda S. Hedberg Dec 2021

Metal Release From A Biomedical Cocrmo Alloy In Mixed Protein Solutions Under Static And Sliding Conditions: Effects Of Protein Aggregation And Metal Precipitation, Zheng Wei, Valentine Romanovski, Luimar Filho, Cecilia Persson, Yolanda S. Hedberg

Chemistry Publications

Biomedical materials made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloys are commonly used in artificial prostheses and dental implants, which are exposed to friction and load. The release of Co, Cr, and Mo from these surfaces is governed by physical and chemical processes. The extent of measured metal release from biomedical CoCrMo alloys into mixed protein solutions may be influenced by protein aggregation and metal precipitation effects. Metal release from, and the surface composition of, a CoCrMo alloy was investigated in physiological relevant solutions (phosphate buffered saline, PBS, with varying concentrations of fibrinogen from bovine plasma and/or bovine serum albumin) at pH 7.3 …

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Restructuring Training (Participation House Support Services), Victoria Lun, Do Yeon Oh, Nadir Saeed, Joe Thorne, Alexander Trusler Dec 2021

Restructuring Training (Participation House Support Services), Victoria Lun, Do Yeon Oh, Nadir Saeed, Joe Thorne, Alexander Trusler

Medical Sciences 4300A: Addressing Healthcare Misconceptions Using Scientific Inquiry

Participation House Support Services (PHSS) is a non-profit organization with over 60 locations across Ontario that serves individuals with complex medical, physical, and developmental needs with the goal of including them in the community. The scope of the project covers members of the PHSS organization and the London community that they serve by addressing problems with burnout and culture of resentment that the Coordinators of the organization face. After initial discussions with the community partner, qualitative research was done via focus groups with PHSS Coordinators and training staff. An agreed-upon solution of restructuring the training process was developed, as training …

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Increasing Civic Engagement And Awareness Of Poverty & Homelessness Through Social Media (Project Hope London), Vanessa Chan, Sairam Gajavelli, Majid Khan, Iris Kwon, Masum Patel Dec 2021

Increasing Civic Engagement And Awareness Of Poverty & Homelessness Through Social Media (Project Hope London), Vanessa Chan, Sairam Gajavelli, Majid Khan, Iris Kwon, Masum Patel

Medical Sciences 4300A: Addressing Healthcare Misconceptions Using Scientific Inquiry

As the Project Hope London (PHL) Social Media Team, the purpose of our project was to utilize social media to support PHL in their goal of helping to improve the overall health of individuals experiencing homelessness. We aimed to broaden the organization’s audience through Instagram as this popular platform has the potential to reach younger demographics, such as the Western student body, and local businesses. Our team took control of their Instagram page to revitalize their social media presence. We redesigned the bio, curated posts with modern aesthetics, and ran a social media campaign to further boost engagement with the …

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A Wicked Problem: The Implementation Of Clinical Guidelines Application To Optimize Patient Care (Uhn Openlab), Ardavan Bonyadi Behrouz, Nelson Chang, Jasmine Luo, Daniel Olteanu, Naomi Smith Dec 2021

A Wicked Problem: The Implementation Of Clinical Guidelines Application To Optimize Patient Care (Uhn Openlab), Ardavan Bonyadi Behrouz, Nelson Chang, Jasmine Luo, Daniel Olteanu, Naomi Smith

Medical Sciences 4300A: Addressing Healthcare Misconceptions Using Scientific Inquiry

The purpose of our partnership with the UHN OpenLab was to discover the barriers involved with automating the sporadic release of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) into the Innovate Guidelines Application (IGA). The problem is considered wicked—interlocking challenges cannot be addressed by a single solution. Accordingly, the goal was to explore the barriers of stakeholders and specialization groups, general guideline issues, and the considerations of healthcare professionals and public perception. An initial literature review was conducted to discover unidentified problems before a first draft of the systems map was created. Subsequently, connections were formed across problems and each was categorized based …

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A Physician’S Guide To Clinical Documentation Improvement: Aligning Cdi To Health Information Practice (Canadian Health Information Management Association), Noor Baldawi, Jacky Cheung, Georgia Diamanakis, Alvina Jiwani, Zexi Wang Dec 2021

A Physician’S Guide To Clinical Documentation Improvement: Aligning Cdi To Health Information Practice (Canadian Health Information Management Association), Noor Baldawi, Jacky Cheung, Georgia Diamanakis, Alvina Jiwani, Zexi Wang

Medical Sciences 4300A: Addressing Healthcare Misconceptions Using Scientific Inquiry

The field of clinical documentation improvement (CDI) is emerging alongside the need for more accurate health care information that is reflective of the health status of Canadians. Health information management professionals and physicians play a critical role in the collection, transformation, protection, and distribution of clinical documentation. The quality of health data is dependent on the physician’s specificity in clinical documentation of patient health records, as this information is converted into data by coding specialists. Coded medical information, and associated hospital data, provides information surrounding patient severity of disease, a hospital’s expected length of stay, and a hospital’s mortality rate. …

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Discovering Body Positivity & Self-Image (Gender Equality Coalition Of Ontario), Ella Clarke, Morolayo Ilori, Melanie Peck, Hannah Polley, Mili Shah Dec 2021

Discovering Body Positivity & Self-Image (Gender Equality Coalition Of Ontario), Ella Clarke, Morolayo Ilori, Melanie Peck, Hannah Polley, Mili Shah

Medical Sciences 4300A: Addressing Healthcare Misconceptions Using Scientific Inquiry

Body image refers to the way we perceive our bodies, and it can positively or negatively impact physical and mental health (Alleva et al., 2015). Unfortunately, negative body image is becoming more common with some studies finding that 65% of young people are dissatisfied with their bodies (Linardon et al., 2021). This can lead to a variety of psychological and behavioral problems and disorders such as body dysmorphia or eating disorders (Alleva et al., 2015). However, many of these consequences associated with negative body image can be circumvented by learning to foster positive body images through building self-esteem (Jessie’s Legacy, …

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Addressing Workplace Mental Health During Covid-19 (Global Minds Collective), Candace Brooks-Dasilva, Ashlee Jiang, Priya Modi, Komal Patel, Lilian Raphael Dec 2021

Addressing Workplace Mental Health During Covid-19 (Global Minds Collective), Candace Brooks-Dasilva, Ashlee Jiang, Priya Modi, Komal Patel, Lilian Raphael

Medical Sciences 4300A: Addressing Healthcare Misconceptions Using Scientific Inquiry

We aimed to produce novel, comprehensive tools to support The Global MINDS Collective’s mission of co-creating unique workplace infrastructures conducive to employee mental wellness. Our Systems Map uses a multifactorial and intersectional approach to analyze how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed employees’ mental and psychosocial wellness. A systems thinking approach was used to connect ideas from literature and industry resources to expand on concepts such as workplace diversity, burnout, and current practices. The interconnected nature of the systems map allowed us to identify “leverage points,” which were topics with a high degree of connectivity that could be targeted for high-impact …

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Supporting Pregnant Persons: The Benefits Of Opening A Birth Centre In London, Ontario (Dynamic Doulas Of London), Alisha George, Megan Harris, Allison Kirkpatrick, Lianna Mathew, Amel Sassi Dec 2021

Supporting Pregnant Persons: The Benefits Of Opening A Birth Centre In London, Ontario (Dynamic Doulas Of London), Alisha George, Megan Harris, Allison Kirkpatrick, Lianna Mathew, Amel Sassi

Medical Sciences 4300A: Addressing Healthcare Misconceptions Using Scientific Inquiry

No abstract provided.

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Determining The Impacts Of The Sunshine Foundation's Dream-Like Experiences For Children With Severe Physical Disabilities, Jason Chan, Hannah Sendzik, Reya Siby, Sneh Sunder, Matthieu Trudell Dec 2021

Determining The Impacts Of The Sunshine Foundation's Dream-Like Experiences For Children With Severe Physical Disabilities, Jason Chan, Hannah Sendzik, Reya Siby, Sneh Sunder, Matthieu Trudell

Medical Sciences 4300A: Addressing Healthcare Misconceptions Using Scientific Inquiry

The Sunshine Foundation is a charity dedicated to providing dream-like experiences to children and families with severe physical disabilities with the hopes to foster optimism, independence and hope, and improve mental health. However, they lack empirical evidence to illustrate the positive long-term impacts that their wishes provide. Thus, our main goal was to generate quantifiable data to highlight the positive impacts of the program, in order to improve donor interest, raise awareness, and ultimately be able to reach more children nation-wide. We intended to do this through a literature review and present concrete statistical findings through a multi-media deliverable in …

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A Critical Narrative Inquiry To Understand The Impacts Of An Overdose Prevention Site On The Lives Of Site Users, Abe Oudshoorn, Michelle Sangster Bouck, Melissa Mccann, Shamiram Zendo, Helene Berman, Jordan Banninga, Marlene J. Le Ber, Zayya Zendo Dec 2021

A Critical Narrative Inquiry To Understand The Impacts Of An Overdose Prevention Site On The Lives Of Site Users, Abe Oudshoorn, Michelle Sangster Bouck, Melissa Mccann, Shamiram Zendo, Helene Berman, Jordan Banninga, Marlene J. Le Ber, Zayya Zendo

Nursing Publications

© 2021, The Author(s). Background: Globally, communities are struggling to gain support for harm reduction strategies being implemented to address the impacts of substance use. A key part of this discussion is understanding and engaging with people who use drugs to help shape community harm reduction strategies. This study focused on how an overdose prevention site has influenced the lives of people who use drugs. Methods: A critical narrative method was utilized, centred on photo-narratives. Twenty-seven individuals accessing an overdose prevention site were recruited to participate in preliminary interviews. Sixteen participants subsequently took photographs to describe the impact of the …

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Meta-Analyses Of Deflazacort Versus Prednisone/Prednisolone In Patients With Nonsense Mutation Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Perry B. Shieh, Gary Elfring, Panayiota Trifillis, Claudio Santos, Stuart W. Peltz, Julie A. Parsons, Susan Apkon, Basil T. Darras Dec 2021

Meta-Analyses Of Deflazacort Versus Prednisone/Prednisolone In Patients With Nonsense Mutation Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Perry B. Shieh, Gary Elfring, Panayiota Trifillis, Claudio Santos, Stuart W. Peltz, Julie A. Parsons, Susan Apkon, Basil T. Darras

Paediatrics Publications

Aim: Compare efficacies of deflazacort and prednisone/prednisolone in providing clinically meaningful delays in loss of physical milestones in patients with nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Materials & methods: Placebo data from Phase IIb (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00592553) and ACT DMD (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01826487) ataluren nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy clinical trials were retrospectively combined in meta-analyses (intent-to-treat population; for change from baseline to week 48 in 6-min walk distance [6MWD] and timed function tests). Results: Significant improvements in change in 6-min walk distance with deflazacort versus prednisone/prednisolone (least-squares mean difference 39.54 m [95% CI: 13.799, 65.286; p = 0.0026]). Significant and …

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Osteoporotic Fractures And Vertebral Body Reshaping In Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders, Leanne M. Ward, Jinhui Ma, Marie Eve Robinson, Maya Scharke, Josephine Ho, Kristin Houghton, Adam Huber, Rosie Scuccimarri, Julie Barsalou, Johannes Roth, Nazih Shenouda, Mary Ann Matzinger, Brian Lentle, Jacob L. Jaremko, Khaldoun Koujok, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Robert Stein, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Celia Rodd, Paivi M. Miettunen, Claire M.A. Leblanc, Maggie Larche, Roman Jurencak, Elizabeth A. Cummings, Robert Couch, David A. Cabral Dec 2021

Osteoporotic Fractures And Vertebral Body Reshaping In Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders, Leanne M. Ward, Jinhui Ma, Marie Eve Robinson, Maya Scharke, Josephine Ho, Kristin Houghton, Adam Huber, Rosie Scuccimarri, Julie Barsalou, Johannes Roth, Nazih Shenouda, Mary Ann Matzinger, Brian Lentle, Jacob L. Jaremko, Khaldoun Koujok, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Robert Stein, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Celia Rodd, Paivi M. Miettunen, Claire M.A. Leblanc, Maggie Larche, Roman Jurencak, Elizabeth A. Cummings, Robert Couch, David A. Cabral

Paediatrics Publications

Context: Osteoporotic fractures are an important cause of morbidity in children with glucocorticoid-treated rheumatic disorders. Objective: This work aims to evaluate the incidence and predictors of osteoporotic fractures and potential for recovery over six years following glucocorticoid (GC) initiation in children with rheumatic disorders. Methods: Children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were evaluated through a prospective inception cohort study led by the Canadian STeroid-induced Osteoporosis in the Pediatric Population (STOPP) Consortium. Clinical outcomes included lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD), vertebral fractures (VF), non-VF, and vertebral body reshaping. Results: A total of 136 children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were enrolled …

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Parents’ Report Of Canadian Elementary School Children’S Physical Activity And Screen Time During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study, Emma Ostermeier, Patricia Tucker, Andrew Clark, Jamie A. Seabrook, Jason Gilliland Dec 2021

Parents’ Report Of Canadian Elementary School Children’S Physical Activity And Screen Time During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study, Emma Ostermeier, Patricia Tucker, Andrew Clark, Jamie A. Seabrook, Jason Gilliland

Paediatrics Publications

COVID-19 public health protocols have altered children’s daily routines, limiting their physical activity opportunities. The purpose of this study was to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected children’s (ages 10–12 years) physical activity and screen time, and to explore the impact of gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and public health constraints (i.e., facility use and social interaction) on the changes in children’s health behaviors. Online surveys were disseminated to parents at two time points: before COVID-19 (May 2019 to February 2020) and during COVID-19 (November to December 2020). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to assess changes in physical activity and screen …

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Rapid Standardized Operating Rooms (Rapstor) In Thyroid And Parathyroid Surgery, Hannah Ernst, Leigh Sowerby, Axel Sahovaler, Danielle Macneil, Anthony Nichols, John Yoo, Richard Hilsden, Julie Strychowsky, Kevin Fung Dec 2021

Rapid Standardized Operating Rooms (Rapstor) In Thyroid And Parathyroid Surgery, Hannah Ernst, Leigh Sowerby, Axel Sahovaler, Danielle Macneil, Anthony Nichols, John Yoo, Richard Hilsden, Julie Strychowsky, Kevin Fung

Paediatrics Publications

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a high efficiency rapid standardized OR (RAPSTOR) for hemithyroid/parathyroid surgery using standardized equipment sets (SES) and consecutive case scheduling (CCS) on turnover times (TOT), average case volumes, patient outcomes, hospital costs and OR efficiency/stress. Methods: Patients requiring hemithyroidectomy (primary or completion) or unilateral parathyroidectomy in a single surgeon’s practice were scheduled consecutively with SES. Retrospective control groups were classified as sequential (CS) or non-sequential (CNS). A survey regarding OR efficiency/stress was administered. Phenomenography and descriptive statistics were conducted for time points, cost and patient outcome variables. Hospital cost minimization analysis was performed. Results: The …

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Systematic Scoping Review Of Factors And Measures Of Rurality: Toward The Development Of A Rurality Index For Health Care Research In Japan, Makoto Kaneko, Ryuichi Ohta, Evelyn Vingilis, Maria Mathews, Thomas Robert Freeman Dec 2021

Systematic Scoping Review Of Factors And Measures Of Rurality: Toward The Development Of A Rurality Index For Health Care Research In Japan, Makoto Kaneko, Ryuichi Ohta, Evelyn Vingilis, Maria Mathews, Thomas Robert Freeman

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Rural-urban health care disparities are an important topic in health services research. Hence, developing valid and reliable tools to measure rurality is needed to support high quality research. However, Japan, has no index to measure rurality for health care research. In this study, we conducted a systematic scoping review to identify the important factors and methodological approaches to consider in a rurality index to inform the development of a rurality index for Japan. Methods: For our review, we searched six bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHIL, ERIC, Web of Science and the Grey Literature Report) and official websites of national …

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The Differential Effect Of First-Time Single-Point Cane Use Between Healthy Young And Older Adults, Humberto Omana, Edward Madou, Alison Divine, Walter Wittich, Keith D. Hill, Andrew M. Johnson, Jeffrey D. Holmes, Susan W. Hunter, Mottola Dec 2021

The Differential Effect Of First-Time Single-Point Cane Use Between Healthy Young And Older Adults, Humberto Omana, Edward Madou, Alison Divine, Walter Wittich, Keith D. Hill, Andrew M. Johnson, Jeffrey D. Holmes, Susan W. Hunter, Mottola

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Walking aids are often introduced to older adults to enable independent mobility. Single-point canes are the most common device used. Benefits are tempered by research suggesting that walking aids increase fall risk. A better understanding of the effect of walking aid use on gait performance is required. Objective: To evaluate differences in the effect of initial single-point cane use on gait between younger (YAs) and older adults (OAs). Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Community-dwelling. Participants: Twenty-six YAs (mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 23.7 ± 2.8 years) and 25 OAs (mean age ± SD: 70.8 ± 14.1 years) participated. Inclusion criteria …

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A National Study Of Choanal Atresia In Tertiary Care Centers In Canada – Part I: Clinical Presentation, Josee Paradis, Agnieszka Dzioba, Hamdy El-Hakim, Paul Hong, Frederick K. Kozak, Lily H.P. Nguyen, Demitri Perera, Evan Jon Propst Dec 2021

A National Study Of Choanal Atresia In Tertiary Care Centers In Canada – Part I: Clinical Presentation, Josee Paradis, Agnieszka Dzioba, Hamdy El-Hakim, Paul Hong, Frederick K. Kozak, Lily H.P. Nguyen, Demitri Perera, Evan Jon Propst

Paediatrics Publications

Background: To evaluate the clinical presentation of choanal atresia (CA) in tertiary centers across Canada. Methods: Multi-centre case series involving six tertiary care pediatric hospitals across Canada. Retrospective chart review of patients born between 1980 and 2010 diagnosed with CA at a participating center. Results: The health charts of 215 patients (59.6% female) with CA were reviewed and included in this study. The mean age of patients at time of CA presentation was 0.4 months (range 0.1 to 7.2 months) for bilateral CA and 37.8 months (range 0.1 to 164.1 months) for unilateral cases. The most common presenting symptoms for …

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A National Study Of Choanal Atresia In Tertiary Care Centers In Canada – Part Ii: Clinical Management, Josee Paradis, Agnieszka Dzioba, Hamdy El-Hakim, Paul Hong, Frederick K. Kozak, Lily H.P. Nguyen, Demitri Perera, Evan Jon Propst Dec 2021

A National Study Of Choanal Atresia In Tertiary Care Centers In Canada – Part Ii: Clinical Management, Josee Paradis, Agnieszka Dzioba, Hamdy El-Hakim, Paul Hong, Frederick K. Kozak, Lily H.P. Nguyen, Demitri Perera, Evan Jon Propst

Paediatrics Publications

Background: To evaluate the clinical management of choanal atresia (CA) in tertiary centers across Canada. Methods: Multi-centre case series involving six tertiary care pediatric hospitals across Canada. Retrospective chart review of patients born between 1980 and 2010 diagnosed with choanal atresia to a participating center. Results: The health charts of 215 patients (59.6% female) with choanal atresia (CA) were reviewed. Mean age of initial surgical repair was 0.8 months for bilateral CA, and 48.6 months for unilateral CA. Approaches of surgical repair consisted of endoscopic transnasal (31.7%), non-endoscopic transnasal (42.6%), and transpalatal (25.2%). Stents were used on 70.7% of patients. …

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A Novel Preference-Informed Complementary Trial (Pict) Design For Clinical Trial Research Influenced By Strong Patient Preferences, Samina Ali, Gareth Hopkin, Naveen Poonai, Lawrence Richer, Maryna Yaskina, Anna Heath, Terry Paul Klassen, Chris Mccabe, Amy Drendel, Jeff Round, Jeff Round, Martin Offringa, Petros Pechlivanoglou, Petros Pechlivanoglou, Eleanor Pullenayegum, Eleanor Pullenayegum, David Rios, Marie Christine Auclair, Kelly Kim, Lise Bourrier, Lauren Dawson, Kamary Coriolano Dasilva, Pamela Marples, Rick Watts, Jennifer Thull-Freedman, Patrick Mcgrath Dec 2021

A Novel Preference-Informed Complementary Trial (Pict) Design For Clinical Trial Research Influenced By Strong Patient Preferences, Samina Ali, Gareth Hopkin, Naveen Poonai, Lawrence Richer, Maryna Yaskina, Anna Heath, Terry Paul Klassen, Chris Mccabe, Amy Drendel, Jeff Round, Jeff Round, Martin Offringa, Petros Pechlivanoglou, Petros Pechlivanoglou, Eleanor Pullenayegum, Eleanor Pullenayegum, David Rios, Marie Christine Auclair, Kelly Kim, Lise Bourrier, Lauren Dawson, Kamary Coriolano Dasilva, Pamela Marples, Rick Watts, Jennifer Thull-Freedman, Patrick Mcgrath

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Patients and their families often have preferences for medical care that relate to wider considerations beyond the clinical effectiveness of the proposed interventions. Traditionally, these preferences have not been adequately considered in research. Research questions where patients and families have strong preferences may not be appropriate for traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) due to threats to internal and external validity, as there may be high levels of drop-out and non-adherence or recruitment of a sample that is not representative of the treatment population. Several preference-informed designs have been developed to address problems with traditional RCTs, but these designs have …

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Canadian Urological Association Guideline: Management Of Ureteral Calculi - Abridged Version, Jason Y. Lee, Sero Andonian, Naeem Bhojani, Jennifer Bjazevic, Ben H. Chew, Shubha De, Hazem Elmansy, Andrea G. Lantz-Powers, Kenneth T. Pace, Trevor D. Schuler, Rajiv K. Singal, Peter Wang, Michael Ordon Dec 2021

Canadian Urological Association Guideline: Management Of Ureteral Calculi - Abridged Version, Jason Y. Lee, Sero Andonian, Naeem Bhojani, Jennifer Bjazevic, Ben H. Chew, Shubha De, Hazem Elmansy, Andrea G. Lantz-Powers, Kenneth T. Pace, Trevor D. Schuler, Rajiv K. Singal, Peter Wang, Michael Ordon

Paediatrics Publications

No abstract provided.

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Choosing Wisely Canada – Pediatric Otolaryngology Recommendations, Mitchell Mcdonough, Kalpesh Hathi, Gerard Corsten, Christopher J. Chin, Paolo Campisi, Jonathan Cavanagh, Neil Chadha, M. Elise Graham, Murad Husein, Liane B. Johnson, Jodi Jones, Bruce Korman, John Manoukian, Lily H.P. Nguyen, Doron D. Sommer, Julie Strychowsky, Trina Uwiera, Warren Yunker, Paul Hong Dec 2021

Choosing Wisely Canada – Pediatric Otolaryngology Recommendations, Mitchell Mcdonough, Kalpesh Hathi, Gerard Corsten, Christopher J. Chin, Paolo Campisi, Jonathan Cavanagh, Neil Chadha, M. Elise Graham, Murad Husein, Liane B. Johnson, Jodi Jones, Bruce Korman, John Manoukian, Lily H.P. Nguyen, Doron D. Sommer, Julie Strychowsky, Trina Uwiera, Warren Yunker, Paul Hong

Paediatrics Publications

The Choosing Wisely Canada campaign raises awareness amongst physicians and patients regarding unnecessary or inappropriate tests and treatments. Using an online survey, members of the Pediatric Otolaryngology Subspecialty Group within the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery developed a list of nine evidence based recommendations to help physicians and patients make treatment decisions regarding common pediatric otolaryngology presentations: (1) Don’t routinely order a plain film x-ray in the evaluation of nasal fractures; (2) Don’t order imaging to distinguish acute bacterial sinusitis from an upper respiratory infection; (3) Don’t place tympanostomy tubes in most children for a single …

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Differential And Synergistic Effects Of Low Birth Weight And Western Diet On Skeletal Muscle Vasculature, Mitochondrial Lipid Metabolism And Insulin Signaling In Male Guinea Pigs, Kristyn Dunlop, Ousseynou Sarr, Nicole Stachura, Lin Zhao, Karen Nygard, Jennifer A. Thompson, Jennifer Hadway, Bryan S. Richardson, Yves Bureau, Nica Borradaile, Ting Yim Lee, Timothy R.H. Regnault Dec 2021

Differential And Synergistic Effects Of Low Birth Weight And Western Diet On Skeletal Muscle Vasculature, Mitochondrial Lipid Metabolism And Insulin Signaling In Male Guinea Pigs, Kristyn Dunlop, Ousseynou Sarr, Nicole Stachura, Lin Zhao, Karen Nygard, Jennifer A. Thompson, Jennifer Hadway, Bryan S. Richardson, Yves Bureau, Nica Borradaile, Ting Yim Lee, Timothy R.H. Regnault

Paediatrics Publications

Low birth weight (LBW) offspring are at increased risk for developing insulin resistance, a key precursor in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Altered skeletal muscle vasculature, extracellular matrix, amino acid and mitochondrial lipid metabolism, and insulin signaling are implicated in this pathogenesis. Using uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) to induce intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and LBW in the guinea pig, we investigated the relationship between UPI-induced IUGR/LBW and later life skeletal muscle arteriole density, fibrosis, amino acid and mitochondrial lipid metabolism, markers of insulin signaling and glucose uptake, and how a postnatal high-fat, high-sugar “Western” diet (WD) modulates these changes. …

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Disentangling Language Status And Country-Of-Origin Explanations Of The Bilingual Advantage In Preschoolers, Isu Cho, Jewan Park, Hyun Joo Song, J. Bruce Morton Dec 2021

Disentangling Language Status And Country-Of-Origin Explanations Of The Bilingual Advantage In Preschoolers, Isu Cho, Jewan Park, Hyun Joo Song, J. Bruce Morton

Paediatrics Publications

Bilingual preschoolers from East Asia outperform monolingual preschoolers from North America or Europe in executive functioning tasks, which has been interpreted as evidence of a bilingual advantage in executive functioning. This study tested whether these differences actually reflect country-of-origin effects given that East Asian preschoolers frequently outperform North American or European children in executive functioning tasks. Consistent with previous findings, Korean–English bilingual preschoolers made fewer errors in an age-appropriate executive functioning task than did English monolingual children in Canada. However, Korean–English bilingual preschoolers performed comparably to Korean monolingual preschoolers in Korea. Differences between Korean and Canadian children's executive functioning were …

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