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Articles 1 - 30 of 423
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Vitamin D In The Prevention Of Exacerbations Of Asthma In Preschoolers (Diva): Protocol For A Multicentre Randomised Placebo-Controlled Triple-Blind Trial, Megan E. Jensen, Francine M. Ducharme, Nathalie Alos, Geneviève Mailhot, Benoît Mâsse, John H. White, Mohsen Sadatsafavi, Ali Khamessan, Sze Man Tse, Reza Alizadehfar, Dirk E. Bock, Patrick Daigneault, Chantal Lemire, Connie Yang, Dhenuka Radhakrishnan
Vitamin D In The Prevention Of Exacerbations Of Asthma In Preschoolers (Diva): Protocol For A Multicentre Randomised Placebo-Controlled Triple-Blind Trial, Megan E. Jensen, Francine M. Ducharme, Nathalie Alos, Geneviève Mailhot, Benoît Mâsse, John H. White, Mohsen Sadatsafavi, Ali Khamessan, Sze Man Tse, Reza Alizadehfar, Dirk E. Bock, Patrick Daigneault, Chantal Lemire, Connie Yang, Dhenuka Radhakrishnan
Paediatrics Publications
Introduction Preschoolers have the highest rate of emergency visits and hospitalisations for asthma exacerbations of all age groups, with most triggered by upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and occurring in the fall or winter. Vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in Canadian preschoolers with recurrent asthma exacerbations, particularly in winter. It is associated with more URTIs and, in patients with asthma, more oral corticosteroid (OCS) use. Although evidence suggests that vitamin D supplements significantly decrease URTIs and asthma exacerbations requiring OCS, there is insufficient data in preschoolers. This study aims to determine the impact of vitamin D 3 supplementation on …
Generating Energy Data For Machine Learning With Recurrent Generative Adversarial Networks, Mohammad Navid Fekri, Ananda M. Ghosh, Katarina Grolinger
Generating Energy Data For Machine Learning With Recurrent Generative Adversarial Networks, Mohammad Navid Fekri, Ananda M. Ghosh, Katarina Grolinger
Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications
The smart grid employs computing and communication technologies to embed intelligence into the power grid and, consequently, make the grid more efficient. Machine learning (ML) has been applied for tasks that are important for smart grid operation including energy consumption and generation forecasting, anomaly detection, and state estimation. These ML solutions commonly require sufficient historical data; however, this data is often not readily available because of reasons such as data collection costs and concerns regarding security and privacy. This paper introduces a recurrent generative adversarial network (R-GAN) for generating realistic energy consumption data by learning from real data. Generativea adversarial …
Chili Pepper Consumption And Cardiovascular Mortality, J. David Spence
Chili Pepper Consumption And Cardiovascular Mortality, J. David Spence
Department of Medicine Publications
No abstract provided.
Current State Of Precision Medicine In Primary Systemic Vasculitides, Erkan Demirkaya, Zehra Serap Arici, Micol Romano, Roberta Audrey Berard, Ivona Aksentijevich
Current State Of Precision Medicine In Primary Systemic Vasculitides, Erkan Demirkaya, Zehra Serap Arici, Micol Romano, Roberta Audrey Berard, Ivona Aksentijevich
Paediatrics Publications
Precision medicine (PM) is an emerging data-driven health care approach that integrates phenotypic, genomic, epigenetic, and environmental factors unique to an individual. The goal of PM is to facilitate diagnosis, predict effective therapy, and avoid adverse reactions specific for each patient. The forefront of PM is in oncology; nonetheless, it is developing in other fields of medicine, including rheumatology. Recent studies on elucidating the genetic architecture of polygenic and monogenic rheumatological diseases have made PM possible by enabling physicians to customize medical treatment through the incorporation of clinical features and genetic data. For complex inflammatory disorders, the prevailing paradigm is …
Prediction-Based Learning And Processing Of Event Knowledge., Ken Mcrae, Kevin S Brown, Jeffrey L Elman
Prediction-Based Learning And Processing Of Event Knowledge., Ken Mcrae, Kevin S Brown, Jeffrey L Elman
Psychology Publications
Knowledge of common events is central to many aspects of cognition. Intuitively, it seems as though events are linear chains of the activities of which they are comprised. In line with this intuition, a number of theories of the temporal structure of event knowledge have posited mental representations (data structures) consisting of linear chains of activities. Competing theories focus on the hierarchical nature of event knowledge, with representations comprising ordered scenes, and chains of activities within those scenes. We present evidence that the temporal structure of events typically is not well-defined, but it is much richer and more variable both …
Integrated Science 3002a: Proposal For Plumbing Initiative For Water Conservation In London, Rebecca Oeyangen, Jennifer Evans, Ali Coyle, John Chepesiuk, Nadia Aiaseh, Trystan Lee
Integrated Science 3002a: Proposal For Plumbing Initiative For Water Conservation In London, Rebecca Oeyangen, Jennifer Evans, Ali Coyle, John Chepesiuk, Nadia Aiaseh, Trystan Lee
Community Engaged Learning Final Projects
No abstract provided.
Investigating The Effects Of Tissue-Specific Extracellular Matrix On The Adipogenic And Osteogenic Differentiation Of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Within Composite Hydrogel Scaffolds, Arthi Shridhar, Brian G. Amsden, Elizabeth R. Gillies, Lauren E. Flynn
Investigating The Effects Of Tissue-Specific Extracellular Matrix On The Adipogenic And Osteogenic Differentiation Of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Within Composite Hydrogel Scaffolds, Arthi Shridhar, Brian G. Amsden, Elizabeth R. Gillies, Lauren E. Flynn
Bone and Joint Institute
© Copyright © 2019 Shridhar, Amsden, Gillies and Flynn. While it has been postulated that tissue-specific bioscaffolds derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) can direct stem cell differentiation, systematic comparisons of multiple ECM sources are needed to more fully assess the benefits of incorporating tissue-specific ECM in stem cell culture and delivery platforms. To probe the effects of ECM sourced from decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) or decellularized trabecular bone (DTB) on the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs), a novel detergent-free decellularization protocol was developed for bovine trabecular bone that complemented our established detergent-free decellularization protocol …
Teaching Video Neuroimages: Atypical Childhood Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: Seizures Often Discussed, Rarely Seen, Egidio Spinelli, Khrystyna Moskalyk, Sunita N. Misra
Teaching Video Neuroimages: Atypical Childhood Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: Seizures Often Discussed, Rarely Seen, Egidio Spinelli, Khrystyna Moskalyk, Sunita N. Misra
Paediatrics Publications
A 7-year-old right-handed boy with poorly controlled epilepsy presented to the epilepsy monitoring unit for further clarification of his diagnosis. Seizure onset was at 3 years with focal motor seizures of left face and arm followed by confusion and aphasia. Prominent behavioral and school difficulties were also reported. Valproic acid monotherapy (23 mg/kg/d) was weaned by day 2 and a habitual event captured on day 5 (figure, video 1). Brain MRI and an epilepsy gene panel (including GRIN2A) were nonrevealing. The diagnosis was therefore consistent with atypical childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. This differs from benign rolandic epilepsy because of …
Perceptions Of Institutional Teaching Culture By Tenured, Tenure-Track, And Sessional Faculty, Debra Dawson, Ken Meadows, Erika Kustra, Kathryn Hanson
Perceptions Of Institutional Teaching Culture By Tenured, Tenure-Track, And Sessional Faculty, Debra Dawson, Ken Meadows, Erika Kustra, Kathryn Hanson
Centre for Teaching and Learning Publications
The Institutional Teaching Culture Perception Survey (ITCPS) was used to investigate beliefs of tenured, tenure-track, and sessional faculty members (N=576) about the teaching culture within three large research-intensive universities in Canada. As predicted, we found significant differences between these three groups of faculty members’ perceptions of their institutions’ teaching cultures. Sessional faculty perceived that their universities rewarded effective teaching less than their tenured or tenure-track colleagues. Tenured faculty were less likely than the tenure-track and sessional faculty to believe it was important to encourage, recognize, or assess effective teaching. These results have important implications for the quality of teaching and, …
A Framework For Considering Dissociative Identity Effects In Consumption, Bonnie Simpson, Lea Dunn, Katherine White
A Framework For Considering Dissociative Identity Effects In Consumption, Bonnie Simpson, Lea Dunn, Katherine White
Management and Organizational Studies Publications
This chapter examines the mirror image of the identity association principle: dissociation. While the association principle posits that stimuli associated with a positively regarded identity receive more positive evaluations, the dissociation principle suggests that stimuli associated with negatively regarded identities will receive negative evaluations and be abandoned. The authors focus on the nature of dissociative reference groups or groups that the consumer is motivated to avoid association with, and present a framework outlining how dissociative influence can impact consumer behavior. They review the literature on dissociative influence and note that although dissociative reference groups often spur avoidance behaviors, they can …
Consensus Practice Parameter: Audiological Assessment And Management Of Unilateral Hearing Loss In Children, Marlene Bagatto, Janet Desgeorges, Alison King, Padraig Kitterick, Diana Laurnagaray, Dawna Lewis, Patricia Roush, Douglas P. Sladen, Anne Marie Tharpe
Consensus Practice Parameter: Audiological Assessment And Management Of Unilateral Hearing Loss In Children, Marlene Bagatto, Janet Desgeorges, Alison King, Padraig Kitterick, Diana Laurnagaray, Dawna Lewis, Patricia Roush, Douglas P. Sladen, Anne Marie Tharpe
Communication Sciences and Disorders Publications
Objective: Provide recommendations to audiologists for the management of children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) and for needed research that can lend further insight into important unanswered questions. Design: An international panel of experts on children with UHL was convened following a day and a half of presentations on the same. The evidence reviewed for this parameter was gathered through web-based literature searches specifically designed for academic and health care resources, recent systematic reviews of literature, and new research presented at the conference that underwent peer review for publication by the time of this writing. Study sample: Expert opinions and …
Video Discharge Instructions For Acute Otitis Media In Children: A Randomized Controlled Open-Label Trial, Sheena Belisle, Andrei Dobrin, Sharlene Elsie, Samina Ali, Shaily Brahmbhatt, Kriti Kumar, Hardika Jasani, Michael Miller, Frank Ferlisi, Naveen Poonai
Video Discharge Instructions For Acute Otitis Media In Children: A Randomized Controlled Open-Label Trial, Sheena Belisle, Andrei Dobrin, Sharlene Elsie, Samina Ali, Shaily Brahmbhatt, Kriti Kumar, Hardika Jasani, Michael Miller, Frank Ferlisi, Naveen Poonai
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Thirty percent of children with acute otitis media (AOM) experience symptoms < 7 days after initiating treatment, highlighting the importance of comprehensive discharge instructions. Methods: We randomized caregivers of children 6 months to 17 years presenting to the emergency department (ED) with AOM to discharge instructions using a video on management of pain and fever to a paper handout. The primary outcome was the AOM Severity of Symptom (AOM-SOS) score at 72 hours postdischarge. Secondary outcomes included caregiver knowledge (10-item survey), absenteeism, recidivism, and satisfaction (5-item Likert scale). Results: A total of 219 caregivers were randomized and 149 completed the 72-hour follow-up (72 paper and 77 video). The median (IQR) AOM-SOS score for the video was significantly lower than paper, even after adjusting for preintervention AOM-SOS score and medication at home (8 [7–11] vs. 10 [7–13], respectively; p = 0.004). There were no significant differences between video and paper in mean (±SD) knowledge score (9.2 [±1.3] vs. 8.8 [±1.8], respectively; p = 0.07), mean (±SD) number of children that returned to a health care provider (8/77 vs. 10/72, respectively; p = 0.49), mean (±SD) number of daycare/school days missed by child (1.2 [±1.5] vs. 1.1 [±2.1], respectively; p = 0.62), mean (±SD) number of workdays missed by caregiver (0.5 [±1] vs. 0.8 [±2], respectively; p = 0.05), or median (IQR) satisfaction score (5 [4–5] vs. 5 [4–5], respectively; p = 0.3). Conclusions: Video discharge instructions in the ED are associated with less perceived AOM symptomatology compared to a paper handout.
Preface, Randall Everett Allsup, Cathy Benedict
Preface, Randall Everett Allsup, Cathy Benedict
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
No abstract provided.
Ch. 01 - Of Dialectics, Juxtapositions, And Flexible Thinking: A Tribute To Estelle Jorgensen, Frank Heuser
Ch. 01 - Of Dialectics, Juxtapositions, And Flexible Thinking: A Tribute To Estelle Jorgensen, Frank Heuser
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
Numerous scholars have provided philosophical perspectives to justify the inclusion of music education in public schools. The philosophical work of Jorgensen offers a framework that allows educators to move beyond singular agendas and apply eclectic approaches to meet the needs of unique teaching environments. This chapter offers commentary on her concept of dialectics and how Jorgensen’s philosophy nurtured innovative curricular approaches to music teacher preparation in a university teacher certification program.
Ch. 02 - Becoming And Being, Being And Becoming: A Necessary Balance In The Journey Of Musician Educators, Betty Anne Younker
Ch. 02 - Becoming And Being, Being And Becoming: A Necessary Balance In The Journey Of Musician Educators, Betty Anne Younker
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
In the field of music education philosophy, several contributors have significantly impacted how we think about and do music education. One such person is Estelle Jorgensen. Integral to her writing was the use of metaphor, which served as a means to present complicated concepts and ask complex questions. Her intent was less to provide answers but to instill an inquiry of pondering and imaging; it was more about the journey of seeking possibilities, and less about converging on ‘truths’ and arriving. The focus then was more on becoming and less on being’. This continuous process of pondering and imaging could …
Front Matter
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
No abstract provided.
Ch. 04 - The Pursuit Of Happiness: Music Access In 21st Century America, Carla E. Aguilar
Ch. 04 - The Pursuit Of Happiness: Music Access In 21st Century America, Carla E. Aguilar
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
This chapter describes policy mechanisms that can be revised to support “music making by all.” Aguilar starts with the normative claim that engagement in music education in elementary, secondary, and post-secondary institutions should encompass opportunities for a range of music-making experiences, especially those experiences that may be ignored or marginalized because of the traditional structure of post-secondary institutions. Broadening choices for musical engagement may provide greater relevance, as well as increased access and participation in learning music by all and for all.
Ch. 06 - Pilgrim And Quest Revisited, Iris Yob
Ch. 06 - Pilgrim And Quest Revisited, Iris Yob
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
In Pictures of Music Education, Estelle Jorgensen extends her analysis of the pilgrimage metaphor and its associated model of quest in music education. The purpose of the present chapter is not to refute or critique Jorgensen’s work with this metaphor but to build on it by exploring even further the possible meanings captured by the metaphor for music educators. While the notion of pilgrimage carries religious overtones from its long association with faith practices, in a secularized world our present understandings continue to be shaped by remnants of meaning from past mythologies. To that end, various notions associated with …
Ch. 03 - Is It Athene, Minerva, Or Estelle Disguised As Mentor? Or, Mentoring The Next Generation: Jorgensen As Mentor Qua Mentor, Pamela Stover
Ch. 03 - Is It Athene, Minerva, Or Estelle Disguised As Mentor? Or, Mentoring The Next Generation: Jorgensen As Mentor Qua Mentor, Pamela Stover
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
The work of a mentor takes many forms. There is the formal mentoring of a student or a colleague done by advisors and professors. From Homer’s Odyssey, however, comes another image in the character of “Mentor,” the trusted friend of Odysseus who was charged with the care of Odysseus’s young son, Telemachus. Although Mentor was male, there are two instances in literature wherein females—Pallus Athene and Minerva— took the form of Mentor and were successful where “Mentor” had failed. The feminine image of “Mentor in disguise” will be explored in this chapter to illustrate Jorgensen’s approach to mentoring a …
Ch. 08 - Embracing And Navigating Uncertainty: Estelle Jorgensen’S Contribution To International Wisdom, June Boyce-Tillman
Ch. 08 - Embracing And Navigating Uncertainty: Estelle Jorgensen’S Contribution To International Wisdom, June Boyce-Tillman
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
This chapter will address the multiplicity of models and metaphors set out in Jorgensen’s Pictures of Music Education (2011). Boyce-Tillman will examine the concept of wisdom and its necessity for choosing a particular strategy in a particular context. Illustrations will be pulled from the author’s pedagogical experiences in and outside formal institutions like the university, school, and church. Wisdom is a necessary component of Jorgensen’s search for justice, and it builds upon an awareness of the value-systems underpinning how a Subject makes choices, particularly in the search for a common humanity. The aim of the chapter is to illustrate how …
Ch. 07 - An Aesthetico-Political Approach To Music Education: Transformation Beyond Gender, Cecilia Ferm-Almqvist
Ch. 07 - An Aesthetico-Political Approach To Music Education: Transformation Beyond Gender, Cecilia Ferm-Almqvist
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
This chapter takes Jorgensen’s thoughts regarding how music education can contribute to a better world, developed in Transforming Music Education, as a starting-point. Based on her statements, I elaborate upon possibilities for equal music education. The picture of transformed music education, as I interpret Jorgensen’s work, is based on a dialectic approach, including mutual curiosity and respect. Through my research where I have interviewed female electric guitar playing upper secondary music students, shows though, that transformation of music education has to continue. For example, the analysis of their expressed experiences shows that they are diminished, quieted, encouraged to care, and …
Ch. 14 - On Jorgensen’S Dialectical Approach To Music Education: Resonances With Yin-Yang, Leonard Tan
Ch. 14 - On Jorgensen’S Dialectical Approach To Music Education: Resonances With Yin-Yang, Leonard Tan
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
In this chapter, I examine Jorgensen’s dialectical approach to music education from Chinese philosophical lenses. More specifically, I re-visit her 2001 essay entitled “A Dialectical View of Theory and Practice” and read it afresh through the lenses of yin-yang theory. I conclude by highlighting three philosophical resonances between Jorgensen’s ideas and yin-yang theory: balance, change, and space.
Ch. 12 - In Search Of Liberty: A Poststructuralist Extension Of Jorgensen's Dialectics, Lauren Kapalka Richerme
Ch. 12 - In Search Of Liberty: A Poststructuralist Extension Of Jorgensen's Dialectics, Lauren Kapalka Richerme
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
Against a contemporary backdrop of soundbite news stories and intransigent political divisions, music educators still have much to learn from Jorgensen’s lifelong dedication to the deep interrogation of multiple perspectives. Drawing heavily on Jorgensen’s use of dialectics in In Search of Music Education, I examine the liberatory nature of her philosophical writing. By explaining each paired term in marked depth and clarity, including its potential problems and possibilities, Jorgensen frees readers from narrow assumptions and unidirectional logic. Moreover, by refraining from championing one idea within a dialectic over the other, Jorgensen liberates readers by encouraging them to position themselves. While …
Ch. 13 - In Search Of Choral Music Education: Where Is It Now?, Patrick K. Freer
Ch. 13 - In Search Of Choral Music Education: Where Is It Now?, Patrick K. Freer
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
This chapter chronicles the influence of Jorgensen’s writing in a graduate choral music education course. Jorgensen’s book chapter, On Spheres of Musical Validity (2005), becomes the focal point for an examination of the legitimacy of five major influences on music education: family, religion, politics, the music profession, and commerce. This investigation leads to consideration of these influences in graduate students’ personal lives, classrooms, rehearsal halls, and the broader profession of choral music education.
Ch. 11 - Becoming A Story: Searching For Music Educations, Patrick Schmidt
Ch. 11 - Becoming A Story: Searching For Music Educations, Patrick Schmidt
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
This short philosophical chapter borrows and diverges from Estelle Jorgensen’s In Search of Music Education. It aims to address the pertinent and defiant questions asked over two decades ago, while re-position them in light of current challenges. Following Jorgensen’s style—carefully and tactically—this chapter draws a line of flight between philosophical and policy-oriented ways of thinking, underlining some ways in which the two meet and how pertinent these encounters can be to music educators today. The chapter makes use and highlights the potential of craftly constructed epistemological familiarity and how it can engender practice. Specifically, it reminds and exemplifies to the …
Ch. 10 - Rethinking The Transgressive: A Call For “Pessimistic Activism” In Music Education, Panagiotis A. Kanellopoulos
Ch. 10 - Rethinking The Transgressive: A Call For “Pessimistic Activism” In Music Education, Panagiotis A. Kanellopoulos
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
This essay asks the question: How are we to think of what Estelle Jorgensen has called “the transgressive” in music education today? My entry point to the question is the suggestion that the struggle against modes of music education that eulogize the status quo, against oppression and authoritarianism, against practices that exclude and intimidate students, has to take the form of “a struggle on two fronts” (Badiou). A struggle against imposed canonicities and obsolete approaches to music teaching but also a struggle against the emerging neoliberal appropriations of education, learning, and creativity. The chapter sketches a struggle-on-two-fronts perspective with regard …
Ch. 18 - In Defense Of The Work Of Art: I And Thou In Music Education, Øivind Varkøy
Ch. 18 - In Defense Of The Work Of Art: I And Thou In Music Education, Øivind Varkøy
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
A change has been going on in both the philosophy of music education and the general philosophy of music during the last decades: a transition from a focus on music as an object or work to a focus on music as an activity and process. This certainly contrasts with the historical hegemony of the (Western) idea of music as objects. As a philosophical development this is unproblematic. However, a fundamental prerequisite for moving encounters between the human subject and music, in music education as well as in general, is the very idea of music as a work of art. This …
Ch. 15 - In Search Of Music Education And Jorgensen’S Neoclassicism, Deanne Bogdan
Ch. 15 - In Search Of Music Education And Jorgensen’S Neoclassicism, Deanne Bogdan
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
In her landmark book, In Search of Music Education (University of Illinois Press, 1997), Estelle R. Jorgensen lays the groundwork for the philosophy of music education, of which she is today’s foremost proponent. Decidedly not a “how-to” manual, her book poses difficult questions undergirding a systematic reflection on, first, the nature of education (Chapter 1); the nature of music (Chapter 2), and the dialectics and dialogics of music education (Chapter 3), reconciling the tensions and ambiguities when music and education are combined as an autonomous yet porous discipline. Jorgensen cites John Dewey, Paulo Freire, Maxine Greene, Susanne Langer, Israel …
Ch. 16 - Re-Discovering/Facilitating Intimacy In Borderscapes Of Higher Music Education, Eleni Lapidaki
Ch. 16 - Re-Discovering/Facilitating Intimacy In Borderscapes Of Higher Music Education, Eleni Lapidaki
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
The chapter explores intimacy as a critical site of power and resistance. More specifically, intimacy is considered as an arena in which social and political identities are negotiated, while inclusions and exclusions are continually established or disputed. I will argue for the adoption of a politics of intimacy that aims towards a more nuanced and less reductionist higher music education that can help us articulate the complexity of spaces of proximity as greatly as we live it. Such a reflection offers us opportunity to adopt a variable filter that sheds light on certain characteristics of borders, freedom, and the ways …
Ch. 17 - Traditions And The End Of Music Education, William Perrine
Ch. 17 - Traditions And The End Of Music Education, William Perrine
The Road Goes Ever On: Estelle Jorgensen's Legacy in Music Education
This chapter considers the question of how music educators determine the musical ends towards which their teaching is directed. Musical traditions, both “great” and “little,” as Estelle Jorgensen describes them, are inseparable from the philosophical traditions through which music educators determine consider their pedagogical ends. This chapter presents a three-part framework to describe how music educators might approach understanding their work as a socially embodied enactment of contrasting traditions. The term tradition is first defined as a means of categorizing philosophical schools of thought from which various musical practices can be understood. The liberal philosophical tradition that grew out of …