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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
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Gsk-3Β Function In Bone Regulates Skeletal Development, Whole-Body Metabolism, And Male Life Span, J. R. Gillespie, J. R. Bush, G. I. Bell, L. A. Aubrey, H. Dupuis, F. Ferron, B. Kream, G. Dimattia, S. Patel, J. R. Woodgett, G. Karsenty, D. A. Hess, F. Beier
Gsk-3Β Function In Bone Regulates Skeletal Development, Whole-Body Metabolism, And Male Life Span, J. R. Gillespie, J. R. Bush, G. I. Bell, L. A. Aubrey, H. Dupuis, F. Ferron, B. Kream, G. Dimattia, S. Patel, J. R. Woodgett, G. Karsenty, D. A. Hess, F. Beier
Paediatrics Publications
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK-3β) is an essential negative regulator or “brake” on many anabolic-signaling pathways including Wnt and insulin. Global deletion of GSK-3β results in perinatal lethality and various skeletal defects. The goal of our research was to determine GSK-3β cell-autonomous effects and postnatal roles in the skeleton. We used the 3.6-kb Col1a1 promoter to inactivate the Gsk3b gene (Col1a1-Gsk3b knockout) in skeletal cells. Mutant mice exhibit decreased body fat and postnatal bone growth, as well as delayed development of several skeletal elements. Surprisingly, the mutant mice display decreased circulating glucose and insulin levels despite normal expression of …
Intra-Thoracic Fat Volume Is Associated With Myocardial Infarction In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome, Umjeet S. Jolly, Abraam Soliman, Charles Mckenzie, Terry Peters, John Stirrat, Immaculate Nevis, Matthew Brymer, Tisha Joy
Intra-Thoracic Fat Volume Is Associated With Myocardial Infarction In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome, Umjeet S. Jolly, Abraam Soliman, Charles Mckenzie, Terry Peters, John Stirrat, Immaculate Nevis, Matthew Brymer, Tisha Joy
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Visceral adiposity is increased in those with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and atherosclerotic disease burden. In this study we evaluate for associations between intra-thoracic fat volume (ITFV) and myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with MetS. Methods. Ninety-four patients with MetS, MI or both were identified from a cardiovascular CMR clinical registry. MetS was defined in accordance to published guidelines; where-as MI was defined as the presence of subendocardial-based injury on late gadolinium enhancement imaging in a coronary vascular distribution. A healthy control group was also obtained from the same registry. Patients were selected into the following groups: MetS+/MI- (N = …
Clinical Performance Of Bleeding Risk Scores For Predicting Major And Clinically Relevant Non-Major Bleeding Events In Patients Receiving Warfarin, S. Burgess, N. Crown, M. L. Louzada, G. Dresser, R. B. Kim, A. Lazo-Langner
Clinical Performance Of Bleeding Risk Scores For Predicting Major And Clinically Relevant Non-Major Bleeding Events In Patients Receiving Warfarin, S. Burgess, N. Crown, M. L. Louzada, G. Dresser, R. B. Kim, A. Lazo-Langner
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Oral anticoagulant therapy is associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage, which can be assessed by bleeding risk scores. We evaluated the performance of five validated scores for predicting major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding events in patients receiving warfarin. Methods and results: We conducted an ambispective, single-center cohort study of 321 consecutive patients enrolled in an academic anticoagulation clinic. The following scores were calculated: modified Outpatient Bleeding Risk Index, Contemporary Bleeding Risk Model, HEMORR2HAGES (Hepatic or Renal Disease, Ethanol Abuse, Malignancy, Older Age, Reduced Platelet Count or Function, Re-Bleeding, Hypertension, Anemia, Genetic Factors, Excessive Fall Risk and Stroke), …
Clinical And Pharmacogenetic Predictors Of Circulating Atorvastatin And Rosuvastatin Concentrations In Routine Clinical Care, Marianne K. Degorter, Rommel G. Tirona, Ute I. Schwarz, Yun Hee Choi, George K. Dresser, Neville Suskin, Kathryn Myers, Guang Yong Zou, Otito Iwuchukwu, Wei Qi Wei, Russell A. Wilke, Robert A. Hegele, Richard B. Kim
Clinical And Pharmacogenetic Predictors Of Circulating Atorvastatin And Rosuvastatin Concentrations In Routine Clinical Care, Marianne K. Degorter, Rommel G. Tirona, Ute I. Schwarz, Yun Hee Choi, George K. Dresser, Neville Suskin, Kathryn Myers, Guang Yong Zou, Otito Iwuchukwu, Wei Qi Wei, Russell A. Wilke, Robert A. Hegele, Richard B. Kim
Paediatrics Publications
Background-A barrier to statin therapy is myopathy associated with elevated systemic drug exposure. Our objective was to examine the association between clinical and pharmacogenetic variables and statin concentrations in patients. Methods and Results-In total, 299 patients taking atorvastatin or rosuvastatin were prospectively recruited at an outpatient referral center. The contribution of clinical variables and transporter gene polymorphisms to statin concentration was assessed using multiple linear regression. We observed 45-fold variation in statin concentration among patients taking the same dose. After adjustment for sex, age, body mass index, ethnicity, dose, and time from last dose, SLCO1B1 c.521T>C (P<0.001) and ABCG2 c.421C>A (P …
Behavioral Sleep Problems And Their Potential Impact On Developing Executive Function In Children, Kathryn Turnbull, Graham J. Reid, J. Bruce Morton
Behavioral Sleep Problems And Their Potential Impact On Developing Executive Function In Children, Kathryn Turnbull, Graham J. Reid, J. Bruce Morton
Paediatrics Publications
Bedtime resistance and night waking are common sleep problems throughout childhood, especially in the early years. These sleep problems may lead to difficulties in neurobehavioral functioning, but most research into childhood sleep problems has not emphasized the importance of the developmental context in which disruptions in neurobehavioral and daytime functioning occur. We review the development of sleep as well as executive functioning (EF) in childhood and suggest that EF may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of these common childhood sleep problems because of its prolonged course of maturation. Behavioral problems associated with common sleep problems suggest poor self-regulation in …
Infections In Pediatric Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: From The Canadian Infections In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research Group, Sonia Cellot, Donna Johnston, David Dix, Marie Chantal Ethier, Biljana Gillmeister, David Mitchell, Rochelle Yanofsky, Victor Lewis, Carol Portwine, Victoria Price, Shayna Zelcer, Mariana Silva, Lynette Bowes, Bruno Michon, Kent Stobart, Josee Brossard, Joseph Beyene, Lillian Sung
Infections In Pediatric Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: From The Canadian Infections In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research Group, Sonia Cellot, Donna Johnston, David Dix, Marie Chantal Ethier, Biljana Gillmeister, David Mitchell, Rochelle Yanofsky, Victor Lewis, Carol Portwine, Victoria Price, Shayna Zelcer, Mariana Silva, Lynette Bowes, Bruno Michon, Kent Stobart, Josee Brossard, Joseph Beyene, Lillian Sung
Paediatrics Publications
Background: It is not known whether children with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have an infection risk similar to non- APL acute myeloid leukemia. The objective was to describe infectious risk in children with newly diagnosed APL and to describe factors associated with these infections.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study that included children ≤ 18 years of age with de novo APL treated at 15 Canadian centers. Thirty-three children with APL were included; 78.8% were treated with APL -specific protocols.Results: Bacterial sterile site infection occurred in 12 (36.4%) and fungal sterile site infection occurred in 2 (6.1%) children. Of …
Preservation Of The Metabolic Rate Of Oxygen In Preterm Infants During Indomethacin Therapy For Closure Of The Ductus Arteriosus, Rohit Arora, Mustafa Ridha, David S.C. Lee, Jonathan Elliott, Herschel C. Rosenberg, Mamadou Diop, Ting Yim Lee, Keith St. Lawrence
Preservation Of The Metabolic Rate Of Oxygen In Preterm Infants During Indomethacin Therapy For Closure Of The Ductus Arteriosus, Rohit Arora, Mustafa Ridha, David S.C. Lee, Jonathan Elliott, Herschel C. Rosenberg, Mamadou Diop, Ting Yim Lee, Keith St. Lawrence
Paediatrics Publications
Background:The aim of this study was to assess and quantify the effects of indomethacin on cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO 2) in preterm infants undergoing treatment for a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).Methods:CBF and CMRO 2 were measured before and after the first dose of a 3-d course of indomethacin to close hemodynamically significant PDA in preterm neonates. Indocyanine-green (ICG) concentration curves were acquired before and after indomethacin injection to quantify CBF and CMRO 2.Results:Eight preterm neonates (gestational age, 27.6 ± 0.5 wk; birth weight, 992 ± 109 g; 6 males:2 …
Maternal Taurine Supplementation In Rats Partially Prevents The Adverse Effects Of Early-Life Protein Deprivation On Β-Cell Function And Insulin Sensitivity, Christine Tang, Kelly Marchand, Loretta Lam, Victoria Lux-Lantos, Sandra M. Thyssen, June Guo, Adria Giacca, Edith Arany
Maternal Taurine Supplementation In Rats Partially Prevents The Adverse Effects Of Early-Life Protein Deprivation On Β-Cell Function And Insulin Sensitivity, Christine Tang, Kelly Marchand, Loretta Lam, Victoria Lux-Lantos, Sandra M. Thyssen, June Guo, Adria Giacca, Edith Arany
Paediatrics Publications
Dietary protein restriction during pregnancy and lactation in rats impairs β-cell function and mass in neonates and leads to glucose intolerance in adult offspring. Maternal taurine (Tau) supplementation during pregnancy in rats restores β-cell function and mass in neonates, but its long-term effects are unclear. The prevention of postnatal catch-up growth has been suggested to improve glucose tolerance in adult offspring of low-protein (LP)-fed mothers. The objective of this study was to examine the relative contribution of β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance to impaired glucose tolerance in 130-day-old rat offspring of LP-fed mothers and the effects of maternal Tau supplementation …
The Financial Burden Of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Nova Scotia Experience, Andrea Ens, Bianca Lang, Suzanne Ramsey, Elizabeth Stringer, Adam M. Huber
The Financial Burden Of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Nova Scotia Experience, Andrea Ens, Bianca Lang, Suzanne Ramsey, Elizabeth Stringer, Adam M. Huber
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood rheumatic illness. There is little published data on the financial burden of this illness. The primary objective of this study was to determine the annual costs borne by families of a child with JIA living in Nova Scotia (NS).Methods: All families in NS with a child followed in the Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic at the Izaak Walton Killam Health Centre (IWK) in 2009 were mailed a self-report questionnaire. The questionnaire evaluated disease related costs, gross household income and perceived financial burden. Dillman's method was used to optimize return rates. Descriptive statistics …
Infectious Events Prior To Chemotherapy Initiation In Children With Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Carol Portwine, David Mitchell, Donna Johnston, Biljana Gillmeister, Marie Chantal Ethier, Rochelle Yanofsky, David Dix, Sonia Cellot, Victor Lewis, Victoria Price, Mariana Silva, Shayna Zelcer, Lynette Bowes, Bruno Michon, Kent Stobart, Josee Brossard, Joseph Beyene, Lillian Sung
Infectious Events Prior To Chemotherapy Initiation In Children With Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Carol Portwine, David Mitchell, Donna Johnston, Biljana Gillmeister, Marie Chantal Ethier, Rochelle Yanofsky, David Dix, Sonia Cellot, Victor Lewis, Victoria Price, Mariana Silva, Shayna Zelcer, Lynette Bowes, Bruno Michon, Kent Stobart, Josee Brossard, Joseph Beyene, Lillian Sung
Paediatrics Publications
Background:The primary objective was to describe infectious complications in children with acute myeloid leukemia from presentation to the healthcare system to initiation of chemotherapy and to describe how these infections differ depending on neutropenia.Methods:We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study that included children and adolescents with acute myeloid leukemia diagnosed and treated at 15 Canadian centers. We evaluated infections that occurred between presentation to the healthcare system (for symptoms that led to the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia) until initiation of chemotherapy.Results:Among 328 children, 92 (28.0%) were neutropenic at presentation. Eleven (3.4%) had sterile-site microbiologically documented infection and four had …
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Gene Val158met Polymorphism And Depressive Symptoms During Early Childhood, Haroon I. Sheikh, Katie R. Kryski, Heather J. Smith, Lea R. Dougherty, Daniel N. Klein, Sara J. Bufferd, Shiva M. Singh, Elizabeth P. Hayden
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Gene Val158met Polymorphism And Depressive Symptoms During Early Childhood, Haroon I. Sheikh, Katie R. Kryski, Heather J. Smith, Lea R. Dougherty, Daniel N. Klein, Sara J. Bufferd, Shiva M. Singh, Elizabeth P. Hayden
Paediatrics Publications
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) is a critical regulator of catecholamine levels in the brain. A functional polymorphism of the COMT gene, val158met, has been linked to internalizing symptoms (i.e., depression and anxiety) in adolescents and adults. We extended this research by investigating whether the val158met polymorphism was associated with childhood symptoms of depression and anxiety in two independent samples of young children (Ns=476 and 409). In both samples, preschool-aged children were genotyped for the COMT val158met polymorphism. Symptoms of psychopathology were assessed via parent interviews and primary caregiver reports. In both samples, children homozygous for the val allele had higher levels of …
Hiv Risk Perception And Distribution Of Hiv Risk Among African, Caribbean And Other Black People In A Canadian City: Mixed Methods Results From The Blacch Study, Shamara Baidoobonso, Greta R. Bauer, Kathy Nixon Speechley, Erica Lawson
Hiv Risk Perception And Distribution Of Hiv Risk Among African, Caribbean And Other Black People In A Canadian City: Mixed Methods Results From The Blacch Study, Shamara Baidoobonso, Greta R. Bauer, Kathy Nixon Speechley, Erica Lawson
Paediatrics Publications
Background: African, Caribbean and other Black (ACB) people are a priority group for HIV prevention in Canada, but little is known about the epidemiology of HIV risk in this population. This paper helps fill the knowledge gap by: presenting service providers and ACB peoples perceptions about HIV risk in ACB populations; describing the distribution of HIV risk behaviours among ACB people according to markers of social status and position; and comparing results from these two analyses. Methods. The Black, African and Caribbean Canadian Health (BLACCH) Study is a mixed methods study that used semi-structured interviews and a cross-sectional quantitative questionnaire …
Canadian Network For Mood And Anxiety Treatments (Canmat) And International Society For Bipolar Disorders (Isbd) Collaborative Update Of Canmat Guidelines For The Management Of Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Update 2013, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Sidney H. Kennedy, Sagar V. Parikh, Ayal Schaffer, Serge Beaulieu, Martin Alda, Claire O'Donovan, Glenda Macqueen, Roger S. Mcintyre, Verinder Sharma, Arun Ravindran, L. Trevor Young, Roumen Milev, David J. Bond, Benicio N. Frey, Benjamin I. Goldstein, Beny Lafer, Boris Birmaher, Kyooseob Ha, Willem A. Nolen, Michael Berk
Canadian Network For Mood And Anxiety Treatments (Canmat) And International Society For Bipolar Disorders (Isbd) Collaborative Update Of Canmat Guidelines For The Management Of Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Update 2013, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Sidney H. Kennedy, Sagar V. Parikh, Ayal Schaffer, Serge Beaulieu, Martin Alda, Claire O'Donovan, Glenda Macqueen, Roger S. Mcintyre, Verinder Sharma, Arun Ravindran, L. Trevor Young, Roumen Milev, David J. Bond, Benicio N. Frey, Benjamin I. Goldstein, Beny Lafer, Boris Birmaher, Kyooseob Ha, Willem A. Nolen, Michael Berk
Paediatrics Publications
The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments published guidelines for the management of bipolar disorder in 2005, with updates in 2007 and 2009. This third update, in conjunction with the International Society for Bipolar Disorders, reviews new evidence and is designed to be used in conjunction with the previous publications.The recommendations for the management of acute mania remain largely unchanged. Lithium, valproate, and several atypical antipsychotic agents continue to be first-line treatments for acute mania. Monotherapy with asenapine, paliperidone extended release (ER), and divalproex ER, as well as adjunctive asenapine, have been added as first-line options.For the management of …
Predictors Of Obesity Among Métis Children: Socio-Economic, Behavioural And Cultural Factors, Martin J. Cooke, Piotr Wilk, Kenneth W. Paul, Shelley L.H. Gonneville
Predictors Of Obesity Among Métis Children: Socio-Economic, Behavioural And Cultural Factors, Martin J. Cooke, Piotr Wilk, Kenneth W. Paul, Shelley L.H. Gonneville
Paediatrics Publications
Objectives: To examine the socio-economic, behavioural and Métis-specific factors that predict obesity among Métis children aged 6 to 14 years. Socio-economic factors included household structure and income, parental education and food insecurity. Cultural factors included knowledge of an Aboriginal language, participation in cultural activities, time spent with Elders and parental residential school attendance. Methods: The 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey, Children and Youth component collected data about Métis children, including child height and weight, reported by the person most knowledgeable about the child (PMK). Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to predict obesity, defined using IOTF BMI cut-offs. After testing for …
The Epidemiology, Antibiotic Resistance And Post-Discharge Course Of Peritonsillar Abscesses In London, Ontario, Leigh J. Sowerby, Zafar Hussain, Murad Husein
The Epidemiology, Antibiotic Resistance And Post-Discharge Course Of Peritonsillar Abscesses In London, Ontario, Leigh J. Sowerby, Zafar Hussain, Murad Husein
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Peritonsillar abscesses (PTA) are a common complication of tonsillitis. Recent global epidemiological data regarding PTAs have demonstrated increasing antimicrobial resistance patterns. No similar studies have been conducted in Canada and no Canadian study has examined the post-discharge course of treated patients. Methods: A prospective observational study of the epidemiology, antibiotic resistance and post-discharge course of patients presenting with a peritonsillar abscess to the Emergency Department in London, Ontario over one year. A follow-up telephone survey was conducted 2-3 weeks after abscess drainage. Results: 60 patients were diagnosed with an abscess, giving an incidence of 12/100,000. 46 patients were enrolled …
Genetic Testing Of Epileptic Encephalopathies Of Infancy: An Approach, Suvasini Sharma, Asuri Prasad
Genetic Testing Of Epileptic Encephalopathies Of Infancy: An Approach, Suvasini Sharma, Asuri Prasad
Paediatrics Publications
The epileptic encephalopathies of infancy are a group of disorders characterized by intractable seizures, persistent abnormality of cortical function documented on EEG, and consequently impaired neuro-developmental outcomes. The etiologies vary and include; structural brain malformations, acquired brain insults, and inborn errors of metabolism in the majority of the affected patients. In a proportion of these cases no obvious etiology is identifiable on investigation. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics have led to the discovery of a number of gene defects that may be causal in many epileptic encephalopathies. Identification of the causative mutation is important for prognostic and genetic counseling, and …
Polysialylated Ncam And Ephrina/Epha Regulate Synaptic Development Of Gabaergic Interneurons In Prefrontal Cortex, Leann H. Brennaman, Xuying Zhang, Hanjun Guan, Jason W. Triplett, Arthur Brown, Galina P. Demyanenko, Paul B. Manis, Lynn Landmesser, Patricia F. Maness
Polysialylated Ncam And Ephrina/Epha Regulate Synaptic Development Of Gabaergic Interneurons In Prefrontal Cortex, Leann H. Brennaman, Xuying Zhang, Hanjun Guan, Jason W. Triplett, Arthur Brown, Galina P. Demyanenko, Paul B. Manis, Lynn Landmesser, Patricia F. Maness
Paediatrics Publications
A novel function for the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) was identified in ephrinA/EphA-mediated repulsion as an important regulatory mechanism for development of GABAergic inhibitory synaptic connections in mouse prefrontal cortex. Deletion of NCAM, EphA3, or ephrinA2/3/5 in null mutant mice increased the numbers and size of perisomatic synapses between GABAergic basket interneurons and pyramidal cells in the developing cingulate cortex (layers II/III). A functional consequence of NCAM loss was increased amplitudes and faster kinetics of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in NCAM null cingulate cortex. NCAM and EphA3 formed a molecular complex and colocalized with the inhibitory presynaptic marker vesicular …
Effects Of Age And Symptomatology On Cortical Thickness In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Krissy A.R. Doyle-Thomas, Emma G. Duerden, Margot J. Taylor, Jason P. Lerch, Latha V. Soorya, A. Ting Wang, Jin Fan, Eric Hollander, Evdokia Anagnostou
Effects Of Age And Symptomatology On Cortical Thickness In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Krissy A.R. Doyle-Thomas, Emma G. Duerden, Margot J. Taylor, Jason P. Lerch, Latha V. Soorya, A. Ting Wang, Jin Fan, Eric Hollander, Evdokia Anagnostou
Paediatrics Publications
Several brain regions show structural and functional abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but the developmental trajectory of abnormalities in these structures and how they may relate to social and communicative impairments are still unclear. We assessed the effects of age on cortical thickness in individuals with ASD, between the ages of 7 and 39 years in comparison to typically developing controls. Additionally, we examined differences in cortical thickness in relation to symptomatology in the ASD group, and their association with age. Analyses were conducted using a general linear model, controlling for sex. Social and communication scores from …