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Behavior That Hurts: Theoretical Orientation, Terminology, And Diagnosis Of Self-Injury, Susannah C. Rowan Flamm
Behavior That Hurts: Theoretical Orientation, Terminology, And Diagnosis Of Self-Injury, Susannah C. Rowan Flamm
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Self-injurious behavior prevalence continues to rise in both adolescent and adult non-clinical populations and within adolescent and adult clinical populations. Despite a large volume of literature regarding the antecedents and functions of self-injury, exploration of clinician factors in regard to these clients is sparse. This study examined the associations among 346 doctoral level clinicians' theoretical orientations, preferred terminology to describe self-injurious behaviors, and preferred diagnoses for clients who engage in self-injury. Therapist variables such as age, years in practice, and gender were examined for their association with terminology and diagnostic preferences. Chi-square analyses were conducted for the two-way interactions and …
Differentiating Faking-Good Parents From Non-Faking Parents On The Child Abuse Potential Inventory, Amanda H. Costello
Differentiating Faking-Good Parents From Non-Faking Parents On The Child Abuse Potential Inventory, Amanda H. Costello
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Parental fitness evaluations remain common during child abuse investigations, as evidenced by the 19% of victims of maltreatment receiving an evaluation in 2007 in the United States (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2009). A "best practice" approach to parental fitness evaluations consists of using a comprehensive assessment including clinical interviews, risk assessment measures, and behavioral observation (Budd, 2001; 2005). The Child Abuse Potential Inventory (CAP; Milner, 1986) is one risk assessment measure that is often used during evaluations. Unfortunately, abuse risk at pre- and post-treatment as measured by the CAP may be confounded by faking-good responding from the …
Clinician Detection Of Depression In Late Life, Jeffrey J. Gregg
Clinician Detection Of Depression In Late Life, Jeffrey J. Gregg
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Depression in late life is associated with decreased cognitive functioning, increased social and functional impairment, and overall increased mortality. Because of these negative health implications, the accurate assessment of late-life depression is a critical public health issue. Prior research has consistently demonstrated that older adults typically seek and receive mental health services from general medical settings instead of mental health specialty clinics. Unfortunately, many studies have shown that primary care physicians often fail to recognize depression. In addition, older adults are less likely than younger adults to endorse symptoms of sadness or dysphoria. Those with cognitive impairment are also less …
Self-Reported Posttraumatic Stress And Borderline Personality Behaviors In Relation To Reports Of Traumatic Events, Attachment, Parental Behavior, And Social Support, Vanessa M. Jacoby
Self-Reported Posttraumatic Stress And Borderline Personality Behaviors In Relation To Reports Of Traumatic Events, Attachment, Parental Behavior, And Social Support, Vanessa M. Jacoby
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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are conceptualized as different constructs in the DSM-IV, but research increasingly reveals an association among the symptoms of these disorders. Two relational models were examined: a Shared Risk Factor Model and a Continuum Model. In a sample of 603 college students, principle axis factoring of the Borderline Symptom List and PTSD Checklist showed minimal overlap in symptom presentation, partially supporting a Shared Risk Factor Model. Further support was established as regression analyses showed shared risk factors for reporting a greater number of BPD and PTSD behaviors, including experiencing at least one …
Pain And Suicide In A Population-Based Sample, Sarra Nazem
Pain And Suicide In A Population-Based Sample, Sarra Nazem
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Previous research suggests that individuals who experience chronic pain are at increased risk for suicidal behaviors. No studies, however, have specifically examined the association between headaches and fatal suicide behavior. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether gender moderates the relation between pain and suicide, and whether the relation is independent of the effects of depression. The present study aimed to characterize the relation between pain (headache, back, shoulder, and neck) and suicide. Data were obtained from two sources in the Swedish Twin Registry. A total of 42,928 individuals responded to headache questions in either 1967 or 1973 for the first data …
Dyadic Interaction: The Effects Of Controlling And Critical Behavior Versus Warm And Responsive Behavior On Participant Behavior And Emotional Response, Joanna T. Prout
Dyadic Interaction: The Effects Of Controlling And Critical Behavior Versus Warm And Responsive Behavior On Participant Behavior And Emotional Response, Joanna T. Prout
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Previous research has identified parental rejection and control as important factors in the development of childhood anxiety. However, information about the relationship between these constructs and child outcomes has been limited by ambiguous definition and difficulty in performing experimental manipulations. This study attempted to address these issues by examining self-reported anxiety and anxious behavior in 47 college undergraduates who interacted with either a warm- responsive partner or a critical-controlling partner during an origami task. Results showed that participant condition significantly impacted self report of anxiety-distress, anger-frustration, liking for partner, and desire to see partner again. Participants who interacted with a …
A Comparison Of White-Collar Offenders And Non-White-Collar Offenders On The Psychological Variables Of Personality, Criminal Thinking, And Psychopathy, Laurie Ragatz
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The first purpose of this study was to replicate Walters and Geyer (2004) by examining how white-collar offenders differ from non-white-collar offenders on criminal thinking styles and lifestyle criminality. The second purpose was to examine the psychopathic characteristics of white-collar offenders in comparison to non-white-collar offenders. The third purpose was to explore the psychopathology of white-collar offenders compared to non-white-collar offenders. The study sample included 48 white-collar only offenders (offenders that only committed white-collar crime), 89 white-collar versatile offenders (offenders that have previously committed non-white-collar crime), and 89 non-white-collar offenders. Groups were matched on age and ethnicity. All participants completed …
The Effects Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy On Symptoms And Impairment In Young Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Stephanie M. Wagner
The Effects Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy On Symptoms And Impairment In Young Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Stephanie M. Wagner
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is an externalizing disorder beginning in childhood with symptoms and impairment persisting into adulthood for many individuals. Although ADHD is identifiable and diagnostically valid during the preschool years, the majority of the research has focused on treating school-aged children. Some research suggests that behavioral parent training (BPT) programs are efficacious in treating young children. Yet, results are inconsistent and previous research has methodological limitations that restrict interpretations of the data. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), a widely-disseminated evidence-based BPT program for young children with disruptive behavior problems, incorporates components (e.g., in vivo coaching) that may be particularly effective …
The Impact Of State And Trait Anxiety On Performance In A Source Monitoring Task, Kristina M. Kania
The Impact Of State And Trait Anxiety On Performance In A Source Monitoring Task, Kristina M. Kania
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This study examined the impact of state anxiety (current emotional state) and trait anxiety (predisposition) on a source monitoring task. The unique question asked in this study was whether highly anxious people who are distressed following a stressful to-be-remembered event are better at source monitoring. Seventy-two undergraduates completed a measure of anxiety and then either received an anxious mood (n = 36) or mood stabilizing (n = 36) induction before viewing to-be-source monitored material. Participants then completed a source identification task in which they were asked to identify the source of the to-be-source monitored information. Participants high in state anxiety …
Contributing Factors To Health Anxiety In Older And Young Adults, Lindsay Gerolimatos
Contributing Factors To Health Anxiety In Older And Young Adults, Lindsay Gerolimatos
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Researchers have acknowledged overlap in features of health anxiety (HA) and the anxiety disorders. At present, little research on HA exists, especially in its less severe forms, and few studies have examined HA in older adults. Using self-report surveys, the present study examined how anxiety-related constructs contribute to HA in older and young adults and whether these variables differentially account for HA in both age groups. Results showed that young adults reported higher levels of HA than older adults. For both age groups, anxiety sensitivity accounted for illness likelihood and negative consequences, and intolerance of uncertainty contributed to negative consequences. …
Effects Of A Worry Induction On Heart Rate, Emotion And Self-Reported Arousal In Younger And Older Adults, Christine E. Gould
Effects Of A Worry Induction On Heart Rate, Emotion And Self-Reported Arousal In Younger And Older Adults, Christine E. Gould
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Anxiety disorders are the most frequently-diagnosed psychological disorder among older adults, with the exception of cognitive disorders. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders of older adults. However, the actual experience of worry, the hallmark symptom of GAD, is not well-understood among older adults. In the present study, older and younger adults participated in an experimental induction of worry or pleasant recall. After controlling for baseline age differences, older and younger adults did not differ in their ratings of worry intensity during the worry induction. An age difference in the experience of worry was found …
Comparison Of Parent-Child Interactions In Abusive And Control Families: An Observational Study, Jocelyn F. O. Stokes
Comparison Of Parent-Child Interactions In Abusive And Control Families: An Observational Study, Jocelyn F. O. Stokes
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This study sought to identify differences in caregiver-child interactions between caregivers with and without prior reports of child physical abuse. Data for the abuse group were made available for secondary analyses by the National Archive for Child Abuse and Neglect via Cornell University. Data for the comparison group were collected for a previous study at West Virginia University. For both studies, caregiver-child dyads participated in a 5---minute, videotaped observation in a situation in which the parent had to exert moderate control over the child. Data that had been coded using the Dyadic Parent---Child Interaction Coding System (Eyberg, et al., 1994; …
Emotional Pain And Acute Nociception, Alison M. Vargovich
Emotional Pain And Acute Nociception, Alison M. Vargovich
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This study examined differences and similarities in responses to acute nociception in adults with a significant history of emotional pain relative to matched controls with a significant past positive life experience and a sample of chronic pain patients. Using 28 volunteers who responded to advertisements (n = 14, emotional pain group; n = 14, positive life experience group), and 14 chronic pain patients from a prior study, this investigation utilized measures of pain threshold and tolerance during a laboratory finger pressure pain induction experiment. Each participant experienced two levels of pressure pain (i.e., high and low) and two levels of …