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Relative Abundance, Temporal Distribution, And Functional Feeding Groups Of Aquatic Insects In Two First-Order Southwestern Pennsylvania Streams, Judith S. Steinberg
Relative Abundance, Temporal Distribution, And Functional Feeding Groups Of Aquatic Insects In Two First-Order Southwestern Pennsylvania Streams, Judith S. Steinberg
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Two first to second order streams (Kent Run and Munnell Hollow) at Ryerson Station State Park, Greene County, Pennsylvania, were compared as to water parameters (dissolved oxygen, hardness, temperature, pH, and current velocity), species diversity, and abundance of both immature and adult insects. Samples were taken biweekly for one year from May, 1999 through April, 2000 for a total of 26 sampling periods. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA. Kent Run had lower dissolved oxygen, higher pH and hardness, lower temperatures, and higher current velocity. A total of 137 taxa were collected at both streams. Of the total …
Relations Of Nesting Behavior, Nest Predators, And Nesting Success Of Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla Mustelina) To Habitat Characteristics At Multiple Scales, Gary E. Williams Jr.
Relations Of Nesting Behavior, Nest Predators, And Nesting Success Of Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla Mustelina) To Habitat Characteristics At Multiple Scales, Gary E. Williams Jr.
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
During 1998--2000, I examined the relationship between the reproductive success of a declining Neotropical migrant songbird, the wood thrush ( Hylocichla mustelina), and surrounding habitat within the highly forested region encompassing the northwestern portion of the Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia, USA. I measured nest fate, food delivery rates, and nest attendance rates of 56 videotaped nests and then related these variables to habitat measured at three concentric scales: nest site (11.3 m radius), territory (100 m), and landscape (1000 m). Predation was the most common source of failure (23 of 26 failed nests), and southern flying squirrels ( Glaucomys …
Effects Of Edge And Coarse Woody Debris On Small Mammal Communities In Riparian And Upland Habitats In Northern West Virginia, Joseph Daniel Osbourne
Effects Of Edge And Coarse Woody Debris On Small Mammal Communities In Riparian And Upland Habitats In Northern West Virginia, Joseph Daniel Osbourne
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The effects on biological communities of human-induced disturbances such as road construction for logging and military activities are a topic of much controversy in modern society. Furthermore, the response of small mammal communities to edge and coarse woody debris (CWD) volume in riparian and upland habitats of the central Appalachian Mountains has received little attention. The objectives of this study were to: (1) Perform a faunal survey of the Camp Dawson Collective Training Area in Preston County, West Virginia with an emphasis on rare and endangered species, (2) Estimate small mammal abundance, diversity, and condition in response to CWD manipulation, …
Nest-Site Resources For Cavity-Nesting Birds In The Southern Allegheny Mountain Forests Of West Virginia, Harry A. Kahler
Nest-Site Resources For Cavity-Nesting Birds In The Southern Allegheny Mountain Forests Of West Virginia, Harry A. Kahler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Cavity-nesting birds may be negatively impacted by a lack of proper nesting sites. Southern Allegheny Mountain forests of West Virginia are unique due to the juxtaposition and diversity of forest cover types. Management must focus on monitoring wildlife population levels as well as habitat requirements within each cover type. Cavity tree abundance significantly differed among central hardwood (x¯ = 16.4; SE = 5.3), northern hardwood (x¯ =12.7; SE = 6.8), and boreal forest cover types (x¯ = 7.2; SE = 3.6) ( P < 0.0001). Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) were most likely to have tree cavities, yet beech may be influenced by increased mortality from recent outbreaks of beech bark disease initiated by the beech scale insect (Cryptacoccus fagisuga). Nesting bird community density, richness, and abundance do not differ among mature forests of the 3 cover types. Cavity-nesting species dependent on available tree holes were found most in the central hardwoods (P = 0.009). Forest managers should consider landscape level effects, as well as forest stand composition, when recommending silvicultural treatments.
Combined Effects Of Water Chemistry, Canopy Cover, And Stream Size On Benthic Macroinvertebrates Along A Central Appalachian Stream Continuum, Jesse Adam Bopp
Combined Effects Of Water Chemistry, Canopy Cover, And Stream Size On Benthic Macroinvertebrates Along A Central Appalachian Stream Continuum, Jesse Adam Bopp
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
I sampled benthic macroinvertebrates along a 25.2 km stream continuum in the Central Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia from May---October 2000. Six components of macroinvertebrate community structure and function were measured: density, biomass, richness, community taxa similarity, feeding group composition, and metric composition. I quantified these components to determine if localized variation in alkalinity and canopy cover would modify stream continuum predictions. Localized variation in alkalinity and canopy cover significantly affected macroinvertebrate structure and function and modified stream continuum predictions. Results indicated that alkalinity was the primary determinant of macroinvertebrate structure and function, and that the effects of canopy cover …
Small Mammal Communities On A Reclaimed Mountaintop Mine/Valley Fill Landscape In Southern West Virginia, Howard Douglas Chamblin
Small Mammal Communities On A Reclaimed Mountaintop Mine/Valley Fill Landscape In Southern West Virginia, Howard Douglas Chamblin
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Mountaintop mine/valley fill is a large-scale form of strip mining whose effects on small mammals had not previously been examined. Small mammals were captured by Sherman trap and drift fence array (pitfall and funnel traps) on 3 treatments representing the mined landscape and intact forests representing the unmined condition. Peromyscus ( P. leucopus and maniculatus) dominated Sherman captures and were the most common array capture. Eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus), woodland jumping mice (Napaeozapius insignus), woodland voles (Microtus pinetorum), northern short-tailed shrews (Blarina brevicauda), and pygmy shrews (Sorex hoyi) were more common in forest treatments; Peromyscus, house mice (Mus musculus), southern …