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Schools Are Open During The Coronavirus Outbreak But Should I Voluntarily Keep My Kids Home Anyway, If I Can? We Asked 5 Experts, Sunanda Creagh, Allen C. Cheng, Christopher C. Blyth, Claire Hooker, Paul Andrew Kidson, Peter Collignon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

We asked five experts to answer the question: schools are staying open but should I voluntarily keep my kids home anyway, if I can?

How To Help Young Children Regulate Their Emotions And Behaviours During The Pandemic, Cathrine Marguerite Neilsen-Hewett, Steven J. Howard

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

With governments around the world asking their citizens to avoid places, activities and gatherings to save lives, this just might be the largest ever international effort to self-regulate our actions against competing desires and impulses. To achieve this, we must overcome our desire to enjoy the sun and sand, go shopping or to the pub, and even embrace family and friends. Of course, it's not so easy for young children, who must forego activities they previously enjoyed and may be confused by contradictions - like being able to see friends at, but not after, school. But there are ways parents …

"Fitting Into The Teaching Profession": Supervising Teachers' Judgements During The Practicum, Lynn D. Sheridan, Sharon K. Tindall-Ford

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study explores supervising teachers' judgements about pre-service teachers during a practicum experience. Making judgements is a complex, subjective process with judgements being conscious and intuitive, influenced by individual beliefs, contextual expectations and personal learning biographies. This research draws on Social Judgement Theory to guide the analysis of data collected from interviews with experienced supervising teachers. Analysis indicated that the supervisors placed most emphasis on 'personal qualities' of pre-service teachers. This has implications for the selection of candidates for teaching, the importance of non-academic capabilities in teaching and the development of pre-service teachers' personal qualities within initial teacher education programs.

Study Of Reaction Sequences During Msr Synthesis Of Tic By Controlled Ball Milling Of Titanium And Graphite, Erhuvwu J. Oghenevweta, David Wexler, Andrzej Calka

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

During reactive ball milling of Ti and C, mechanically induced self-propagating reaction (MSR) synthesis of TiC is reported to occur via a process including initial formation of small amounts of TiC prior to exothermic ignition, followed by MSR and the formation of stiochiometric TiC (Dorofeev et al., 2011; Oghenevweta et al., 2016 [1, 2]). However, both the chemical evolution and mechanisms of reaction and growth of TiC both prior to, during and after ignition are not fully understood. This research focuses on fundamental understanding of the reaction sequences during MSR synthesis of TiC from elemental Ti and C (graphite).

Magnetically …

Randomized Controlled Trial And Economic Evaluation Of Nurse-Led Group Support For Young Mothers During Pregnancy And The First Year Postpartum Versus Usual Care, Jacqueline Barnes, Jane Stuart, Elizabeth Allen, Stavros Petrou, Joanna Sturgess, Jane Barlow, Garry Macdonald, Helen Spiby, Dipti Aistrop, Edward Melhuish, Sungwook Kim, Diana Elbourne

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Child maltreatment is a significant public health problem. Group Family Nurse Partnership (gFNP) is a new intervention for young, expectant mothers implemented successfully in pilot studies. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of gFNP in reducing risk factors for maltreatment with a potentially vulnerable population.

The Chronostratigraphy Of The Haua Fteah Cave (Cyrenaica, Northeast Libya) - Optical Dating Of Early Human Occupation During Marine Isotope Stages 4, 5 And 6, Zenobia Jacobs, Bo Li, Lucy Farr, Evan Hill, C Hunt, Sacha C. Jones, Ryan J. Rabett, Tim Reynolds, Richard G. Roberts, David Simpson, Graeme Barker

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The paper presents the results of optical dating of potassium-rich feldspar grains obtained from the Haua Fteah cave in Cyrenaica, northeast Libya, focussing on the chronology of the Deep Sounding excavated by Charles McBurney in the 1950s and re-excavated recently. Samples were also collected from a 1.25 m-deep trench (Trench S) excavated during the present project below the basal level of the Deep Sounding. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) data sets for multi-grain, single aliquots of quartz for samples from the Middle Trench were previously published. Re-analyses of these OSL data confirm significant variation in the dose saturation levels of the …

Changes In Diet Quality During A 12 Month Weight Loss Randomised Controlled Trial, Cinthya Wibisono, Yasmine Probst, Elizabeth Neale, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Reductions in energy intake are seen in weight loss trials, but whether this occurs with improvements to diet quality (DQ) is less established. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in diet quality in a sample of volunteers in a weight loss trial. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of dietary data from a lifestyle intervention trial (the HealthTrack study) which advised on dietary guidelines. The trial ran for 12 months with three treatment groups: control (general advice C), intervention (individualised advice, I), and intervention plus a supplement of walnuts (IW). Both the published a priori diet …

Midwives' Role In Providing Nutrition Advice During Pregnancy: Meeting The Challenges? A Qualitative Study, Jamila Arrish, Heather Yeatman, Moira J. Williamson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study explored the Australian midwives' role in the provision of nutrition advice. Little is known about their perceptions of this role, the influence of the model of care, and the barriers and facilitators that may influence them providing quality nutrition advice to pregnant women. Semistructured telephone interviews were undertaken with a subsample (n=16) of the members of the Australian College of Midwives who participated in an online survey about midwives' nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and their confidence in providing nutrition advice during pregnancy. Thematic descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data. Midwives believed they have a vital role in …

Evaluation Of Waste Isoflurane Gas Exposure During Rodent Surgery In An Australian University, Kelly Johnstone, Cora Lau, Jane L. Whitelaw

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Biomedical researchers use of inhalational anesthetics has increased in recent years. Use of isoflurane as an inhalational anesthetic may result in human exposure to waste anesthetic gas. Potential health effects from exposure include genotoxic and hepatotoxic effects with some evidence of teratogenic and reproductive effects. Research suggests that exposure to waste anesthetic gas within human hospital settings has improved substantially but exposures to biomedical researchers and veterinarians still requires improvement. A number of biomedical research facilities are located at The University of Queensland, Australia, where researchers and animal handlers are potentially exposed to waste isoflurane gas. There is limited published …

Factors Governing Mass Transfer During Membrane Electrodialysis Regeneration Of Licl Solution For Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification Systems, Ali Hussein Al-Jubainawi, Zhenjun Ma, Yi Guo, Long D. Nghiem, Paul Cooper, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This study investigates the mass transfer mechanisms and the performance of membrane electrodialysis (ED) for regenerating lithium chloride (LiCl) solution commonly used in liquid desiccant dehumidification systems. Experiments were conducted using an ED experimental system while numerical simulation was performed using COMSOL Multiphysics. The results showed that the water flux transfer due to osmosis and electro-osmosis during ED regeneration of LiCl liquid desiccant was significant and could not be ignored. The water flux due to osmosis and electro-osmosis is directly associated with the osmotic gradient and the applied current between the cathode and anode, respectively. The average flux of water …

Intraocular Pressure And Cerebral Oxygenation During Prolonged Headward Acceleration, Ola Eiken, Michail E. Keramidas, Nigel A.S. Taylor, Mikael Gronkvist

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Purpose Supra-tolerance head-to-foot directed gravitoinertial load (+Gz) typically induces a sequence of symptoms/ signs, including loss of: peripheral vision—central vision— consciousness. The risk of unconsciousness is greater when anti-G-garment failure occurs after prolonged rather than brief exposures, presumably because, in the former condition, mental signs are not consistently preceded by impaired vision. The aims were to investigate if prolonged exposure to moderately elevated +Gz reduces intraocular pressure (IOP; i.e., improves provisions for retinal perfusion), or the cerebral anoxia reserve. Methods Subjects were exposed to 4-min +Gz plateaux either at 2 and 3 G (n = 10), or at 4 and …

Ventilative Cooling Through Automated Window Opening Control Systems To Address Thermal Discomfort Risk During The Summer Period: Framework, Simulation And Parametric Analysis, Theofanis Psomas, Massimo Fiorentini, Georgios Kokogiannakis, Per K. Heiselberg

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Automated window opening control systems with integrated ventilative cooling strategies may significantly diminish the thermal discomfort and overheating risk of dwellings during cooling periods in temperate climates. One of the challenges with demonstrating the benefits of the systems is the lack of building performance simulation (BPS) tools which may represent precisely how actual algorithms are applied.

The study supported herein aims to present a framework of how to simulate an advanced ventilative cooling algorithm of a window system on coupled BPS environments (ESP-r and BCVTB tools). Parametric analysis has been conducted to verify specific operational functions of the system. The …

Gesturing During Mental Problem Solving Reduces Eye Movements, Especially For Individuals With Lower Visual Working Memory Capacity, Wim T. Pouw, Myrto F. Mavilidi, Tamara Van Gog, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Non-communicative hand gestures have been found to benefit problem-solving performance. These gestures seem to compensate for limited internal cognitive capacities, such as visual working memory capacity. Yet, it is not clear how gestures might perform this cognitive function. One hypothesis is that gesturing is a means to spatially index mental simulations, thereby reducing the need for visually projecting the mental simulation onto the visual presentation of the task. If that hypothesis is correct, less eye movements should be made when participants gesture during problem solving than when they do not gesture. We therefore used mobile eye tracking to investigate the …

Exploring Australian Women's Level Of Nutrition Knowledge During Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study, Khlood Bookari, Heather Yeatman, Moira J. Williamson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE) for pregnancy provides a number of food- and nutrition-related recommendations to assist pregnant women in optimizing their dietary behavior. However, there are limited data demonstrating pregnant women’s knowledge of the AGHE recommendations. This study investigated Australian pregnant women’s knowledge of the AGHE and related dietary recommendations for maintaining a healthy pregnancy. The variations in nutrition knowledge were compared with demographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study assessed eight different nutrition knowledge domains and the demographic characteristics of pregnant women. Four hundred women across Australia completed a multidimensional online survey based on validated and …

Physical Activity Patterns During Pregnancy In A Sample Of Portuguese Women: A Longitudinal Prospective Study, Paula Clara-Santos, Sandra Abreu, Carla Moreira, Rute Santos, Margarida Ferreira, Odete Alves, Pedro Moreira, Jorge Mota

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Physical activity (PA) patterns during pregnancy have not been explored in depth and most previous studies lack assessment of variables such as type, frequency, duration and intensity of activity. Objectives: This study had two goals: 1) to analyze PA patterns during pregnancy according to weekly time spent on different types of activity; and 2) to determine women's perception about health care providers regarding PA advisement during pregnancy. Patients and Methods: A longitudinal prospective study was carried out with a 118-pregnant women cohort. Participants were evaluated during all trimesters. Self-reported questionnaires were used to collect personal and obstetric data. Type, …

Mineral Phase Formation And Zinc Removal During Sintering Of Filter Cake Wastes, Zhe Wang, David J. Pinson, Sheng Chew, Brian J. Monaghan, Harold P. Rogers, Guangqing Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

A large amount of filter cake wastes are produced from the gas cleaning systems of blast furnace (BF) ironmaking and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking processes. The filter cake wastes cannot be directly recycled through the ironmaking process due to the high zinc contents and are therefore, predominantly, stockpiled. The storage of filter cake wastes presents a long- Term environmental issue but also an opportunity to extract or recover the iron content, motivating a search for processes or technologies to allow their cost-effective recycling. In this study, two filter cake wastes from BlueScope Ltd. were sintered at 1 100-1 300°C …

Microstructure And Micro-Texture Evolution During The Dynamic Recrystallisation Of A Ni-30fe-Nb-C Model Alloy, Parvez Mannan, Ahmed A. Saleh, Azdiar A. Gazder, Gilberto Casillas, Elena V. Pereloma

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The evolution of microstructure and micro-texture during discontinuous dynamic recrystallisation of an austenitic Ni-30Fe-Nb-C model alloy subjected to interrupted plane strain compression at strains (ε) of 0.23, 0.35, 0.68, 0.85 and 1.2 was investigated using electron backscattering diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Throughout the strain range, the majority of dynamic recrystallisation events comprised nucleation in necklace-like arrangements located at and along grain boundaries via bulging. At ε ≥ 0.68, discrete nucleation events were also observed within grain interiors. Grain growth during dynamic recrystallisation is characteristic of strain induced boundary migration. The initial texture comprised Cube-RD ({013}〈100〉), Cube-ND ({001}〈310〉) and Cube …

On The Feasibility Of Partial Slip Reversal And De-Twinning During The Cyclic Loading Of Twip Steel, Ahmed A. Saleh, Bjorn Clausen, Donald W. Brown, Elena V. Pereloma, Christopher H. J Davies, Carlos N. Tome, Azdiar A. Gazder

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

A recently modified Elasto-Plastic Self-Consistent (EPSC) model which empirically accounts for both intergranular and intragranular back stresses has been successfully used to simulate the cyclic (tension-compression) loading behaviour of an Fe-24Mn-3Al-2Si-1Ni-0.06C TWinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steel between strain limits of ±1%. Lattice strain measurements acquired via in-situ neutron diffraction were used to further validate the modelling results. An improved prediction of the pronounced Bauschinger effect during unloading is achieved when the reversibility of partial slip in the 〈112〉 direction is accounted for. This result indicates a potential contribution of the stress-induced separation of partial dislocations to the observed early yielding …

Experimental And Numerical Study On The Effect Of Zddp Films On Sticking During Hot Rolling Of Ferritic Stainless Steel Strip, Liang Hao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Dianyao Gong, Xiawei Cheng, Jingwei Zhao, Suzhen Luo, Laizhu Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of zinc dialkyl dithio phosphate (ZDDP) films on sticking during hot rolling of a ferritic stainless steel strip. The surface characterization and crack propagation of the oxide scale are very important for understanding the mechanism of the sticking. The high-temperature oxidation of one typical ferritic stainless was conducted at 1373 K (1100 °C) for understanding its microstructure and surface morphology. Hot-rolling tests of a ferritic stainless steel strip show that no obvious cracks among the oxide scale were observed with the application of ZDDP. A finite element method model was …

Response Of Rigid Piles During Passive Dragging, Wei Dong Guo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper develops a three-layer model and elastic solutions to capture nonlinear response of rigid, passive piles in sliding soil. Elastic solutions are obtained for an equivalent force per unit length p_s of the soil movement. They are repeated for a series of linearly increasing p_s (with depth) to yield the nonlinear response. The parameters underpinning the model are determined against pertinent numerical solutions and model tests on passive free-head and capped piles. The solutions are presented in non-dimensional charts and elaborated through three examples. The study reveals the following:

• On-pile pressure in rotationally restrained, sliding layer reduces …

Lubrication Characterisation Analysis Of Stainless Steel Foil During Micro Rolling, Haibo Xie, Kenichi Manabe, Tsuyoshi Furushima, Kazuo Tada, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Physical parameters, such as microscopic and roughness, play important roles in microforming process due to an increasing ratio of surface to volume of the deformed material. The study on lubrication characterisation in microforming is getting more attractive to researchers because traditional models are not reliable in this scaled down process. In this study, the micro rolling deformation characterisation has been investigated on SUS 304 stainless steel considering lubricant effect and feature size effect. The foil thickness plays an important role in the tribological features of micro rolling. The evolutions of both oil film thickness and foil surface are analysed accordingly. …

Confusions And Conundrums During Final Practicum: A Study Of Preservice Teachers' Knowledge Of Challenging Behaviour, Samantha Mcmahon, Valerie Harwood

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This chapter describes the psy-knowledges central to preservice teachers' understandings of challenging behaviour. Particularly, it pays attention to the unexpectedly dangerous questions generated when working towards a practical and integrated understanding of how biological, psychological, and ecological factors interact. This chapter deploys Foucauldian discourse analysis to problematize the preservice teachers' shifting and changeable awareness of these causal attributions of behaviour and how this impacts their pedagogy.

Australian Midwives And Provision Of Nutrition Education During Pregnancy: A Cross Sectional Survey Of Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, And Confidence, Jamila Arrish, Heather Yeatman, Moira J. Williamson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy affects the health of the mother and the baby. Midwives are ideally placed to provide nutrition education to pregnant women. There is limited published research evidence of Australian midwives' nutrition knowledge, attitudes and confidence. Aim: To investigate Australian midwives' nutrition knowledge, attitudes and confidence in providing nutrition education during pregnancy. Methods: Members of the Australian College of Midwives (n = 4770) were sent an invitation email to participate in a web-based survey, followed by two reminders. Findings: The completion rate was 6.9% (329 of 4770). The majority (86.6% and 75.7%, respectively) highly rated the importance …

Into The Firing Line: Civilian Ingress During The 2013 "Red October" Bushfires, Australia, Carrie Wilkinson, Christine Eriksen, Trent D. Penman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

A major issue for bushfire management arises when residents decide to leave a safe area and enter the fire zone to rescue or defend their property, pets, loved ones or other assets. Here, we use statistical and narrative analyses of data from an online survey and semi-structured interviews with residents affected by the 2013 "Red October" bushfires in New South Wales, Australia. The survey results revealed that of the 58 % of respondents who were not at home at the time the threat became apparent, 65 % indicated that they attempted to get home prior to the arrival of the …

Identity Formation Of Lbote Preservice Teachers During The Practicum: A Case Study In Australia In An Urban High School, Hoa Thi Mai Nguyen, Lynn D. Sheridan

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The article presents a case study of a growing number of English language background other than English (LBOTE) students in teacher education in Australia. Topics discussed include the impact of teaching practice in the identity formation of preservice teachers, the work experience of teachers in Australian schools, and the teacher identity.

Effects Of Sintering Materials And Gas Conditions On Formation Of Silico-Ferrites Of Calcium And Aluminium During Iron Ore Sintering, Zhe Wang, David J. Pinson, Sheng Chew, Brian J. Monaghan, Mark Pownceby, Nathan A.S. Webster, Harold P. Rogers, Guangqing Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Silico-ferrites of calcium and aluminium (SFCA) are desirable phases in a high quality iron ore sinter product. The effects of sintering temperature, CaO/SiO2 ratio, sintering gas atmosphere and cooling procedure on the phase composition of sintered specimens from an industrial sinter blend were examined with focus on the formation of SFCA phases. The proportions of mineral phases in specimens sintered at 1 250-1 325°C were quantitatively examined using image analysis. SFCA can be formed at low temperatures by solid state reactions, the formation of which was enhanced by increasing temperature. Further increasing sintering temperature promoted the reduction of Fe3+ in …

Correcting Intensity Loss Errors In The Absence Of Texture-Free Reference Samples During Pole Figure Measurement, Ahmed A. Saleh, Quoc Viet Vu, Azdiar A. Gazder

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Even with the use of X-ray polycapillary lenses, sample tilting during pole figure measurement results in a decrease in the recorded X-ray intensity. The magnitude of this error is affected by the sample size and/or the finite detector size. These errors can be typically corrected by measuring the intensity loss as a function of the tilt angle using a texture-free reference sample (ideally made of the same alloy as the investigated material). Since texture-free reference samples are not readily available for all alloys, the present study employs an empirical procedure to estimate the correction curve for a particular experimental configuration. …

Flourishing, Languishing And Moderate Mental Health: Prevalence And Change In Mental Health During Recovery From Drug And Alcohol Problems, Breanna Mcgaffin, Frank P. Deane, Peter James Kelly, Joseph Ciarrochi

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The aim was to explore the utility of Keyes' concept of mental health in a substance addiction context. Mental health is considered the presence of emotional wellbeing in conjunction with high levels of social and psychological functioning. Using Keyes' measure, the frequency of languishing and flourishing is compared between clients who became abstinent and those continuing to use substances following treatment. It was hypothesised that there would be a significant interaction between substance use and levels of mental health over time. Participants were 794 individuals (79.5% male) attending residential substance abuse treatment provided by The Australian Salvation Army. The current …

Examining The Interpretations Children Share From Their Reading Of An Almost Wordless Picture Book During Independent Reading Time, Jessica Mantei, Lisa K. Kervin

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper shares findings from part of a larger project exploring students' interpretations of children's literature during independent reading time. Examined in this paper are interpretations by students in Grade 4 (aged 9-10 years) about the messages conveyed in the almost wordless picture book 'Mirror' by author and artist Jeannie Baker. 'Mirror' shares a multicultural perspective on life through its portrayal through collage of the lives of two families living in different countries. Data were collected as semi-structured interviews and observations recorded as field notes. Chambers' (1994) 'Tell Me' framework informed the question schedule of the semi-structured interviews, which were …

If A Safety Aid Is Present, There Must Be Danger: The Paradoxical Effects Of Hand Sanitizer During A Contamination Exposure Task, Shannon M. Blakey, Brett J. Deacon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Perceptions of danger often arise in the context of feared threat cues, but individuals also rely on other heuristics that lead them to infer danger in ambiguous situations. For example, individuals may interpret their own anxiety or safety-seeking behaviors as indicators of threat. Another potential source of danger information is the mere availability of safety aids in the environment. Although assumed to be helpful, safety aids might paradoxically elicit, rather than alleviate, anxiety. The present study was designed to assess the degree to which concern-relevant safety aids exacerbate distress. Participants (N = 71) completed several self-report measures and engaged in …