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Microcystin-Lr Does Not Induce Alterations To Transcriptomic Or Metabolomic Profiles Of A Model Heterotrophic Bacterium, Robbie M. Martin, Stephen P. Dearth, Gary R. Lecleir, Shawn R. Campagna, Elizabeth M. Fozo, Erik R. Zinser, Steven W. Wilhelm
Microcystin-Lr Does Not Induce Alterations To Transcriptomic Or Metabolomic Profiles Of A Model Heterotrophic Bacterium, Robbie M. Martin, Stephen P. Dearth, Gary R. Lecleir, Shawn R. Campagna, Elizabeth M. Fozo, Erik R. Zinser, Steven W. Wilhelm
Microbiology Publications and Other Works
Microcystins are secondary metabolites produced by several freshwater, bloom-forming cyanobacterial species. Microcystin-producing cyanobacteria co-occur with a complex community of heterotrophic bacteria. Though conflicting, studies suggest that microcystins affect the physiology of heterotrophic bacteria by inducing oxidative stress and increasing cell envelope permeability. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that exposure to microcystin should induce differential expression in genes responding to oxidative and envelope stress and trigger shifts in metabolite pools. We tested this hypothesis by exposing Escherichia coli MG1655 to 1 and 10 mg/L microcystin-LR and monitored global changes to gene expression, cellular metabolite pools, and lipid composition using RNA-sequencing …
Contrasting Seasonal Drivers Of Virus Abundance And Production In The North Pacific Ocean, P. Jackson Gainer, Helena L. Pound, Alyse A. Larkin, Gary R. Lecleir, Jennifer M. Debruyn, Erik R. Zinser, Zackary I. Johnson, Steven W. Wilhelm
Contrasting Seasonal Drivers Of Virus Abundance And Production In The North Pacific Ocean, P. Jackson Gainer, Helena L. Pound, Alyse A. Larkin, Gary R. Lecleir, Jennifer M. Debruyn, Erik R. Zinser, Zackary I. Johnson, Steven W. Wilhelm
Microbiology Publications and Other Works
The North Pacific Ocean (between approximately 0°N and 50°N) contains the largest continuous ecosystem on Earth. This region plays a vital role in the cycling of globally important nutrients as well as carbon. Although the microbial communities in this region have been assessed, the dynamics of viruses (abundances and production rates) remains understudied. To address this gap, scientific cruises during the winter and summer seasons (2013) covered the North Pacific basin to determine factors that may drive virus abundances and production rates. Along with information on virus particle abundance and production, we collected a spectrum of oceanographic metrics as well …
Molecular Prediction Of Lytic Vs Lysogenic States For Microcystis Phage: Metatranscriptomic Evidence Of Lysogeny During Large Bloom Events, Joshua M.A. Stough, Xiangming Tang, Lauren E. Krausfeldt, Morgan M. Steffen, Guang Guo, Gregory L. Boyer, Steven W. Wilhelm
Molecular Prediction Of Lytic Vs Lysogenic States For Microcystis Phage: Metatranscriptomic Evidence Of Lysogeny During Large Bloom Events, Joshua M.A. Stough, Xiangming Tang, Lauren E. Krausfeldt, Morgan M. Steffen, Guang Guo, Gregory L. Boyer, Steven W. Wilhelm
Microbiology Publications and Other Works
Microcystis aeruginosa is a freshwater bloom-forming cyanobacterium capable of producing the potent hepatotoxin, microcystin. Despite increased interest in this organism, little is known about the viruses that infect it and drive nutrient mobilization and transfer of genetic material between organisms. The genomic complement of sequenced phage suggests these viruses are capable of integrating into the host genome, though this activity has not been observed in the laboratory. While analyzing RNA-sequence data obtained from Microcystis blooms in Lake Tai (Taihu, China), we observed that a series of lysogeny-associated genes were highly expressed when genes involved in lytic infection were …
Virus-Host Relationships Of Marine Single-Celled Eukaryotes Resolved From Metatranscriptomics, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Louie L. Wurch, Harriet Alexander, Sonya T. Dyhrman, Christopher J. Gobler, Steven W. Wilhelm
Virus-Host Relationships Of Marine Single-Celled Eukaryotes Resolved From Metatranscriptomics, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Louie L. Wurch, Harriet Alexander, Sonya T. Dyhrman, Christopher J. Gobler, Steven W. Wilhelm
Microbiology Publications and Other Works
Establishing virus–host relationships has historically relied on culture-dependent approaches. Here we report on the use of marine metatranscriptomics to probe virus–host relationships. Statistical co-occurrence analyses of dsDNA, ssRNA and dsRNA viral markers of polyadenylation-selected RNA sequences from microbial communities dominated by Aureococcus anophagefferens (Quantuck Bay, NY), and diatoms (Narragansett Bay, RI) show active infections by diverse giant viruses (NCLDVs) associated with algal and nonalgal hosts. Ongoing infections of A. anophagefferens by a known Mimiviridae (AaV) occur during bloom peak and decline. Bloom decline is also accompanied by increased activity of viruses other than AaV, including (+) ssRNA viruses. In Narragansett …
Current And Potential Treatments For Reducing Campylobacter Colonization In Animal Hosts And Disease In Humans, Tylor J. Johnson, Janette M. Shank, Jeremiah G. Johnson
Current And Potential Treatments For Reducing Campylobacter Colonization In Animal Hosts And Disease In Humans, Tylor J. Johnson, Janette M. Shank, Jeremiah G. Johnson
Microbiology Publications and Other Works
Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacteria-derived gastroenteritis worldwide. In the developed world, Campylobacter is usually acquired by consuming undercooked poultry, while in the developing world it is often obtained through drinking contaminated water. Once consumed, the bacteria adhere to the intestinal epithelium or mucus layer, causing toxin-mediated inhibition of fluid reabsorption from the intestine and invasion-induced inflammation and diarrhea. Traditionally, severe or prolonged cases of campylobacteriosis have been treated with antibiotics; however, overuse of these antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. As the incidence of antibiotic resistance, emergence of post-infectious diseases, and economic burden associated …
A Student's Guide To Giant Viruses Infecting Small Eukaryotes: From Acanthamoeba To Zooxanthellae, Steven W. Wilhelm, Jordan T. Bird, Kyle S. Bonifer, Benjamin C. Calfee, Tian Chen, Samantha R. Coy, P. Jackson Gainer, Eric R. Gann, Huston T. Heatherly, Jasper Lee, Xiaolang Liang, Jiang Liu, April C. Armes, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, J. Hunter Rice, Joshua M.A. Stough, Robert N. Tams, Evan P. Williams, Gary R. Lecleir
A Student's Guide To Giant Viruses Infecting Small Eukaryotes: From Acanthamoeba To Zooxanthellae, Steven W. Wilhelm, Jordan T. Bird, Kyle S. Bonifer, Benjamin C. Calfee, Tian Chen, Samantha R. Coy, P. Jackson Gainer, Eric R. Gann, Huston T. Heatherly, Jasper Lee, Xiaolang Liang, Jiang Liu, April C. Armes, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, J. Hunter Rice, Joshua M.A. Stough, Robert N. Tams, Evan P. Williams, Gary R. Lecleir
Microbiology Publications and Other Works
The discovery of infectious particles that challenge conventional thoughts concerning “what is a virus” has led to the evolution a new field of study in the past decade. Here, we review knowledge and information concerning “giant viruses”, with a focus not only on some of the best studied systems, but also provide an effort to illuminate systems yet to be better resolved. We conclude by demonstrating that there is an abundance of new host–virus systems that fall into this “giant” category, demonstrating that this field of inquiry presents great opportunities for future research.