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University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
- Keyword
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- Aboveground; belowground; communities; ecosystem function; foliar chemistry; nitrogen mineralization; plant chemistry; plant–animal interactions; rodent herbivory; soil microbes; species composition. (1)
- Aristolochic acid (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Chemical sequestration (1)
- Climate change; common garden; elevation gradient; genetic variation; intraspecific variation; phenotypic plasticity; plant traits; Rhododendron maximum. (1)
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- Colonization (1)
- Conservation biology (1)
- Divergence (1)
- Endangered species (1)
- Environmental economics (1)
- Forestry (1)
- Functional plant traits (1)
- Iguazú (1)
- Integral projection model (1)
- Inter annual precipitation (1)
- Kīpuka (1)
- Life table response experiment (1)
- Mechanical defenses (1)
- Metrosideros polymorphia (1)
- Mimicry (1)
- Mollusk herbivory (1)
- Plant reintroduction (1)
- Plant–animal interactions (1)
- Plant–climate interactions (1)
- Restoration ecology (1)
- Selection (1)
- Sustainability (1)
- Temporal variability (1)
- Troidine swallowtails (1)
Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Factoring Economic Costs Into Conservation Planning May Not Improve Agreement Over Priorities For Protection, Paul R. Armsworth, Heather B. Jackson, Seong-Hoon Cho, Melissa Clark, Joseph E. Fargione, Gwenllian D. Iacona, Taeyoung Kim, Eric R. Larson, Thomas Minney, Nathan A. Sutton
Factoring Economic Costs Into Conservation Planning May Not Improve Agreement Over Priorities For Protection, Paul R. Armsworth, Heather B. Jackson, Seong-Hoon Cho, Melissa Clark, Joseph E. Fargione, Gwenllian D. Iacona, Taeyoung Kim, Eric R. Larson, Thomas Minney, Nathan A. Sutton
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Conservation organizations must redouble efforts to protect habitat given continuing biodiversity declines. Prioritization of future areas for protection is hampered by disagreements over what the ecological targets of conservation should be. Here we test the claim that such disagreements will become less important as conservation moves away from prioritizing areas for protection based only on ecological considerations and accounts for varying costs of protection using return-on-investment (ROI) methods. We combine a simulation approach with a case study of forests in the eastern United States, paying particular attention to how covariation between ecological benefits and economic costs influences agreement levels. For …
Not All Toxic Butterflies Are Toxic: High Intra- And Interspecific Variation In Sequestration In Subtropical Swallowtails, Romina D. Dimarco, James A. Fordyce
Not All Toxic Butterflies Are Toxic: High Intra- And Interspecific Variation In Sequestration In Subtropical Swallowtails, Romina D. Dimarco, James A. Fordyce
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Many herbivorous insects make use of plant secondary metabolites by consuming and storing these toxic compounds in their body tissue or integument, thereby obtaining chemical defense against their natural enemies. Swallowtail butterflies in the tribe Troidini (Papilionidae) sequester toxic alkaloids (aristolochic acids, AAs) from their host plants in the genus Aristolochia. Troidine butterflies have been a model group for development of theory on host plant chemical sequestration, but most studies on this group have been limited to a single species in North America. These studies have led, in part, to the paradigm that troidine butterflies are toxic, thereby explaining …
Low Interannual Precipitation Has A Greater Negative Effect Than Seedling Herbivory On The Population Dynamics Of A Short-Lived Shrub, Schiedea Obovata, Lalasia Bialic-Murphy, Orou G. Gaoue
Low Interannual Precipitation Has A Greater Negative Effect Than Seedling Herbivory On The Population Dynamics Of A Short-Lived Shrub, Schiedea Obovata, Lalasia Bialic-Murphy, Orou G. Gaoue
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Climate projections forecast more extreme interannual climate variability over time, with an increase in the severity and duration of extreme drought and rainfall events. Based on bioclimatic envelope models, it is projected that changing precipitation patterns will drastically alter the spatial distributions and density of plants and be a primary driver of biodiversity loss. However, many other underlying mechanisms can impact plant vital rates (i.e., survival, growth, and reproduction) and population dynamics. In this study, we developed a size-dependent integral projection model (IPM) to evaluate how interannual precipitation and mollusk herbivory influence the dynamics of a Hawaii endemic short-lived shrub, …
Trait Variation Along Elevation Gradients In A Dominant Wood Shrub Is Population-Specific And Driven By Plasticity, Alix A. Pfennigwerth, Joseph K. Bailey, Jennifer A. Schweitzer
Trait Variation Along Elevation Gradients In A Dominant Wood Shrub Is Population-Specific And Driven By Plasticity, Alix A. Pfennigwerth, Joseph K. Bailey, Jennifer A. Schweitzer
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Elevation gradients are frequently used as space-for-time substitutions to infer species’ trait responses to climate change. However, studies rarely investigate whether trait responses to elevation are widespread or population specific within a species, and the relative genetic and plastic contributions to such trait responses may not be well understood. Here, we examine plant trait variation in the dominant woody shrub, Rhododendron maximum, along elevation gradients in three populations in the South Central Appalachian Mountains, USA, in both field and common garden environments. We ask the following: (1) do plant traits vary along elevation? (2) do trait responses to elevation differ …
Ecosystem Consequences Of Plant Genetic Divergence With Colonization Of New Habitat, Liam O. Mueller, Lauren C. Breza, Mark A. Genung, Christian P. Giardina, Nathan E. Stone, Lindsay C. Sidak-Loftis, Joseph D. Busch, David M. Wagner, Joseph K. Bailey, Jennifer A. Schweitzer
Ecosystem Consequences Of Plant Genetic Divergence With Colonization Of New Habitat, Liam O. Mueller, Lauren C. Breza, Mark A. Genung, Christian P. Giardina, Nathan E. Stone, Lindsay C. Sidak-Loftis, Joseph D. Busch, David M. Wagner, Joseph K. Bailey, Jennifer A. Schweitzer
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
When plants colonize new habitats altered by natural or anthropogenic disturbances, those individuals may encounter biotic and abiotic conditions novel to the species, which can cause plant functional trait divergence. Over time, site-driven adaptation can give rise to population-level genetic variation, with consequences for plant community dynamics and ecosystem processes. We used a series of 3000-yr-old, lava-created forest fragments on the Island of Hawai`i to examine whether disturbance and subsequent colonization can lead to genetically differentiated populations, and where differentiation occurs, if there are ecosystem consequences of trait-driven changes. These fragments are dominated by a single tree species, Metrosideros polymorpha …
Small Mammal Activity Alters Plant Community Composition And Microbial Activity In An Old-Field Ecosystem, Leigh C. Moorhead, Lara Souza, Christopher W. Habeck, Richard L. Lindroth, Aimée T. Classen
Small Mammal Activity Alters Plant Community Composition And Microbial Activity In An Old-Field Ecosystem, Leigh C. Moorhead, Lara Souza, Christopher W. Habeck, Richard L. Lindroth, Aimée T. Classen
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Herbivores modify their environment by consuming plant biomass and redistributing materials across the landscape. While small mammalian herbivores, such as rodents, are typically inconspicuous, their impacts on plant community structure and chemistry can be large. We used a small mammal exclosure experiment to explore whether rodents in a southeastern old field directly altered the above ground plant species composition and chemistry, and indirectly altered the below ground soil community composition and activity. In general, when rodents were excluded, C3 graminoids increased in cover and biomass, contributing toward a shift in plant species composition relative to plots where rodents were present. …