Digital Commons Network^™

Attitudinal And Perceptual Differences Between Experienced And Novice National Park Users, Rebecca Lynne Van Cleave

Doctoral Dissertations

One of the primary goals of the National Park Service is to protect the natural environments of its parks. At the same time the Park Service must provide quality experiences for its visitors. At times these two goals may seem mutually exclusive. For the Park Service to maintain a balance between protection and use management must possess a thorough understanding of the visitors to the parks. The present research sought to extend this understanding.

The goals of this research were: to explore differences in attitudes towards and perceptions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) by different user groups; to …

Whole Plant And Cellular Response Of Wild Garlic (Allium Vineale L.) To Thifensulfuron-Methyl, John London Oakes

Doctoral Dissertations

Field, greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate whole plant and cellular response of wild garlic to thifensulfuron-methyl.

Thifensulfuron-methyl activity on wild garlic was evaluated as influenced by rate and time of application, antagonism and sequential application. Phytotoxicity to small grains was also assessed. Thifensulfuron-methyl at 9 g ai ha⁻¹ was the lowest rate observed that suppressed aerial bulblet production greater than 90% when compared to the standard treatment of 2,4-D. Suppression was greatest at the 35 g ai ha⁻¹ applied in late March to early April. The lowest rate for reduction of underground bulbs was 35 g ai …

Biodegradation Of Aflatoxin By Flavobacterium Aurantiacum (Exiguobacterium Aurantiacum), Randall Kent Phebus

Doctoral Dissertations

Flavobacterium aurantiacum (Exiguobacterium aurantiacum) has been shown to remove aflatoxins from solution, although the mechanism for this elimination is not known in detail. This investigation was undertaken to determine substrate specificity and inducibility of aflatoxin degrading activity in F. aurantiacum cultures. Finally, the cellular fraction exhibiting aflatoxin degrading activity was isolated.

Cells were preincubated for 24 h in 5.0 and 0.5 μg/ml of aflatoxin B₁ (AB₁) to serve as an induced inoculum. The induced inoculum was compared to noninduced cells grown in tryptic soy broth only. AB₁ removal of initial concentrations of 4.0 and 2.0 μg/ml …

Development And Analysis Of Non-Delay-Line Constant-Fraction Discriminator Timing Circuits, Including A Fully-Monolithic Cmos Implementation, David Martin Binkley

Doctoral Dissertations

A constant-fraction discriminator (CFD) is a time pick-off circuit providing time derivation that is insensitive to input-signal amplitude and, in some cases, input-signal rise time. CFD time pick-off circuits are useful in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) systems where Bismuth Germanate (BGO)/photomultiplier scintillation detectors detect coincident, 511-keV annihilation gamma rays.

Time walk and noise-induced timing jitter in time pick-off circuits are discussed along with optimal and sub-optimal timing filters designed to minimize timing jitter. Additionally, the effects of scintillation-detector statistics on timing performance are discussed, and Monte Carlo analysis is developed to provide estimated timing and energy spectra for selected detector …

Exploring Archaic Settlement In The Midsouth: The Surface Archaeology Of Cannon And Cheek Bends Of The Duck River, Tennessee, Charles L. Hall

Doctoral Dissertations

During the late 1970s and early 1980s the Department of Anthropology at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville conducted an inventory and assessment of archaeological resources potentially affected by the proposed Columbia Reservoir on the Duck River in Middle Tennessee. Two environmental subdivisions of the Nashville Basin were present in the reservoir area: the patchy Inner Basin and the more homogeneous Outer Basin. As the majority of the archaeological material found was referable to the Middle and Late Archaic Periods, the research design focused on an investigation of Archaic adaptation in this environmentally variable landscape.

Two river bends selected as …

Economic Evaluation Of Alternative Livestock Disease Control Methods In Kenya, Hezron Omare Nyangito

Doctoral Dissertations

Economic analysis is an important prerequisite in the development of new technologies before they are transferred to farmers for adoption. In Africa, new technologies are being developed for the control of East Coast Fever (ECF). However, economic analysis for the ECF control methods have been limited to economic estimates using budgeting techniques that do not adequately account for production and price risks associated with the technology.

ECF is a cattle disease caused by the protozoan parasite Theileria parva and transmitted by ticks. ECF is conventionally controlled by controlling ticks using acaricides and by treating the sick animals. A new technology …

Byzantium And France: The Twelfth Century Renaissance And The Birth Of The Medieval Romance, Leon Stratikis

Doctoral Dissertations

This work hopes to fill the need for a complete treatment of the question of possible influence of the Hellenistic and Byzantine romance on the Old French romance of the twelfth century. Adopting a traditional historical approach, along with a consideration of symbols and motifs, it hopes to trace the coherent development of a genre from the Hellenistic world of the beginning of our era to the religious milieu of early Christianity and ultimately to the translation centers of monasteries and ports and the courts of Western Europe at the time of the Crusades. We conclude that, far from composing …

Effect Of Processing Conditions On The Microbiological Quality Of White Pickled Cheese, Mohamed Osman Abdalla

Doctoral Dissertations

Effects of starter culture, nisin, H₂O₂ and potassium sorbate on Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium in white pickled cheese made from pasteurized milk with 4% salt and preserved in 4% brine solution at 4°C for 60 days was studied. The starter culture inhibited all three pathogens while antimicrobials did not. Beyond day 50 in curd and day 30 in brine solution, L. monocytogenes was not detected by direct plating. S. aureus was not detected after day 30 in curd and day 20 in brine solution. S. typhimurium was not detected after day 30 in …

Gender Ideology And Drinking Norms: Content Analysis Of Alcohol Advertisements In Selected Magazines, 1973 To 1988, Sherry Jo Walker

Doctoral Dissertations

This content analysis compared gender-alcohol associations presented in alcohol advertisements in Ms. and Sports Illustrated from 1973 to 1988. Analysis focused on (1) changes in gender representations during a period of transitional female roles, (2) relative frequencies of cognitive and emotion-inducing themes appearing in sex specific alcohol advertising, and (3) drinking norms presented by alcohol advertisers during a period characterized by criticism of alcohol marketing.

Portrayals of women did not accurately reflect the actual employment status of women. Images of feminism were superficial portrayals of women imitating men (e.g., whiskey consumption) or presented feminists as decorative objects. From 1973 to …

"The Road Not Taken": A Phenomenological Investigation Of The Experience Of Regret, Daniel Matthew Gordon

Doctoral Dissertations

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the human experience of regret in order to discover and describe the essential nature of the experience. A phenomenological approach was taken, employing a dialogical interview method. Twelve participants volunteered for an unstructured, open-ended interview in which they were asked to describe their personal experiences of regret.

Analysis of the interview transcripts by thematizing significant statements revealed three essential themes of the experience of regret. The experience of regret is comprised of opportunities/consequences, blaming oneself, and looking back/looking forward.

Opportunities consist of an awareness of a choice, feelings of uncertainty, and a …

Effects Of Pharmacological Concentrations Of Alpha-Tocopherol, Ascorbic Acid And Iron On Lipid Peroxidation, Tissue Iron Distribution, Hematological, Immunological, Performance, And Tissue Parameters Of Young Rats And Pigs, John Rocco Moore

Doctoral Dissertations

Four experiments were conducted to assess the physiological effects of alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and iron on lipid peroxidation, tissue iron distribution, blood platelet aggregation and concentration, polymorphonuclear leukocyte concentration, hematological and performance parameters utilizing rats and pigs. The primary emphasis was placed on alpha-tocopherol and its interactive effects with ascorbic acid and iron.

In the first experiment 96 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 51 and 75 grams were utilized in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement with six animals per treatment. The treatments consisted of four added dietary levels of alpha-tocopheryl acetate: 7.5, 25, 37.5, and 75 lU/kg and two …

Crying Women: An Investigation Of The Lived Experience Of Women With And Without Cancer, Jean W. Hunt

Doctoral Dissertations

This study attempts a more holistic perspective on cancer and the emotions than previous research which has tended to focus on either biological, psychological or social aspects individually. Crying was chosen as an aspect of human existence which simultaneously implicates biological, psychological and social aspects of being human. Over a 30-day period, frequency and intensity of crying behavior was tracked in a group of 27 women with cancer and 22 women without. Women in this study ranged from 20 to 69 years of age. Among women with cancer, fifteen were participants in therapist facilitated psychosocial support groups and eleven were …

Non-Linear Dynamics Of A Once-Through Steam Generator, Lamartine Nogueira Frutuoso Guimaraes

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation presents a new analytical model for the Once-Through Steam Generator (OTSG) which is a component responsible for the primary coolant heat removal and the generation and supply of superheated steam to the turbine of the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) manufactured by Babcock & Wilcox (B&W) Co. This new analytical model provides the explanation of the oscillatory phenomenon observed in all PWRs manufactured by B&W that uses the OTSG as part of the steam supply system. It was found that the oscillatory behavior is related to the friction pressure drop caused by the reduction in flow area due to …

A Qualitative Study Of First-Person Accounts Of Living With A Stutter, Peter James Columbus

Doctoral Dissertations

Eight males and four females who stutter were interviewed regarding their everyday life experiences with stuttering. The interviews were analyzed using a qualitative, intuitive/inductive method. Results revealed four major experimental themes: The Burden of Stuttering, Living with Difference, Living with Constraints, and Negotiating Life. The Burden of Stuttering theme refers to the participant's experience of the effort involved in discoordinated speech, contending with interactional order between self and other, effectively communicating spoken messages, and their uncertainty about the occurrence of stuttering and listener reactions to it. Living with Difference refers to experiences of dissimilarity between self and fluent speaking others; …

Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilization And Tillage Method On Water Quality And Tomato Productivity, Richard Allen Straw

Doctoral Dissertations

Yield and plant characteristics of tomatoes were evaluated under nitrogen fertilization rates of 0, 112, or 336 kg ha^-1 in 1990 and 1991; and two tillage systems, no tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT), in 1989, 1990, and 1991. In 1989, tillage treatments had no effect on yield of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) . In 1990, nitrogen fertilization rate had little influence on yield or plant characteristics. When differences occurred, treatments receiving 112 or 336 kg ha^-1 nitrogen fertilization were significantly different from treatments receiving 0 kg ha^-1, but were not different from one another. Although …

Geology Of The Bethel Valley Quadrangle : Part Of The Department Of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation In The Southern Appalachian Foreland Fold-Thrust Belt And Fracture Mechanics Modeling Of Extension Fracture Growth During Basin Subsidence And Buckle Folding, Peter J. Lemiszki

Doctoral Dissertations

The Oak Ridge Reservation is located approximately eight kilometers southeast of the Cumberland Plateau in the most foreland portion of the southern Appalachian fold-thrust belt in the east Tennessee Valley and Ridge province. On the reservation, a detailed understanding of the factors controlling ground water flow paths, flow rates, residence times, and storativity is needed when planning to restore and protect the environment from past and present disposal operations. Although numerous detailed site specific studies have been conducted across the reservation to characterize ground water flow, the Oak Ridge Reservation Hydrology and Geology Study is a reservation wide investigation of …

The Effects Of The Graphing Calculator On The Achievement And Attitude Of College Students Enrolled In Elementary Algebra, Sharon Joanne Thomasson

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various treatments using graphing calculators on achievement and attitude of college students enrolled in elementary algebra.

This study, a true-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, was conducted with 66 students enrolled in an elementary algebra course at Pellissippi State Technical Community College. The students were randomly assigned to the groups. Two instructors each taught three classes, one of each mode of instruction. The three modes of instruction were: 1) total calculator use, including instructor used as demonstrations and student use at all times including tests, 2) partial calculator use, including …

An Enterprise Systems Approach To An Economic Evaluation Of In-Row And Between-Row Plant Spacings Of Burley Tobacco, Steve Grady Isaacs

Doctoral Dissertations

Satisfying multiple, simultaneous, and often conflicting goals is the crux of farm management, a process defined as "a science of choice and decision-making." Computer technology allows the evaluation of complex interrelationships and multitudes of combinations, scenarios, and iterations on which decisions might be based. Computer technology also facilitates the use of a systems approach to the farm management problem. A systems approach enables researchers to examine interrelated components which more nearly approximates the farm management problem than does the reductionist approach used in classical scientific research which evaluates isolated components.

The farmer attempts to solve the farm management problem of …

Analysis Of Tannins In Cowpeas And Tea And Their Effect On Protein And Mineral Metabolism In Rats, Ming-Cheng Chang

Doctoral Dissertations

Cowpeas [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] of Coronet, Mississippi Silver (MSC), and White Acre (WA) cultivars were harvested at 3 maturities. MSC had the greatest amount of tannins; WA, the least amount. Testa of cowpea had the greatest amount of tannins while whole cowpea and its cotyledons had the least amount. Measurements were made on cowpeas to determine effects of cultivar and maturity on color, cotyledon:testa ratio, hydration coefficient, tannin content, and tannin polymerization. Extraction efficiency of tannin increased as amount of sample decreased. A major portion of tannins may be removed from cowpea by cooking in water and discarding …

An Investigation Of The Pedogenesis Of Soils Developed In Quaternary Alluvial Deposits Of Eastern Crete, Michael Edward Timpson

Doctoral Dissertations

A pedologic investigation of an area of highly calcareous Late Quaternary alluvial sediments in northeastern Crete, Greece was undertaken to study the nature and distribution of the soils formed in these deposits and to evaluate the pedogenic processes responsible for their development. The specific objectives of this research were; (i) to describe and classify the soils, (ii) examine the nature and distribution of various forms of iron, manganese and silicon in these soils in order to better understand the weathering processes which had occurred, (iii) characterize the mineralogical properties of the soils and sediments to elucidate the processes responsible for …

The Relative Effectiveness Of Two Psychological Training Programs On Performance And State Anxiety Of Female College Basketball Players : A Multiple Baseline Time Series And Single Subject Evaluation, Carolyn A. Savoy

Doctoral Dissertations

This study was designed to determine the relative effectiveness of a group centered and combined group/individualized psychological training program on state anxiety factors and game performance for closed and open skills of a top 10 nationally ranked NCAA Division I women's basketball team. State anxiety was measured by the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (Martens, Vealey, and Bump, 1990). The closed skill, foul shooting was measured by foul shooting percentage. The open skills were measured by: (a) field goal percentage; (b) points per minute played; (c) rebounds per minute played; (d) steals per minute played; (e) turnovers per minute played; and …

The Effect Of Environmental Temperature, Electrolyte Sources And Dietary Electrolyte Balance On Performance And Blood Parameters Of Weanling Pigs, John W. Tanner

Doctoral Dissertations

Three experiments were conducted utilizing weanling pigs to evaluate: 1) the effect of different dietary electrolyte balance (dEB) levels; 2) different dEB levels and high environmental temperature; and 3) different electrolyte sources and dEB levels on performance and blood parameters.

Experiment 1. Forty-nine crossbred weanling pigs averaging 11.8 kg were randomly assigned seven experimental diets for 21 d to determine the effect of different dEB levels on performance and blood parameters. Average daily gain, feed intake and gain/feed were not significantly affected by an increase in dEB above 224 mEg/kg of feed with the addition of either NaHCO₃ or …

Morphology Of Saw Marks In Human Bone: Identification Of Class Characteristics, Steven A. Symes

Doctoral Dissertations

Accurate interpretation of saw marks on human bone is an essential part of tool mark examination in the forensic sciences, but appears neglected in practice and in the forensic sciences literature. With a basic understanding of saws and principals of cutting action, residual saw characteristics remaining on human bone can be recognized and interpreted.

Two basic areas of saw cut bones are examined. Kerf floors can be examined in false starts and break away spurs. This area of a cut potentially reveals kerf size, striae patterns, and contour differences. Kerf walls, or the cut cross section of bones, reveal striae …

Solid State 13C Nmr And Thermal Analysis Of Conformational Motion And Disorder In Small And Large Molecules, Jinlong Cheng

Doctoral Dissertations

In this work it is attempted to explore the conformational motion and disorder through a large number of examples of molecular systems differing in shape, rigidity, and molecular weight: a series of tetra-n-alkylammonium bromides and iodides, a liquid-crystal-forming molecule, N,N'-bis(4-n-octyloxybenzal)-1,4-phenylenediamine (OOBPD), and polymers, poly[oxy-1,4-(3-methylphenylene)ethylene-1,4-phenyleneoxynonamethylene] (MBPE-9) and poly[oxy-1,4-(3-methylphenylene)ethylene-1,4-phenyleneoxypentamethylene] (MPBE-5). The techniques used to study the conformational motion and disorder are mainly solid state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and thermal analysis.

The results of this work show that conformational disordered states (condis crystals) exist indeed in these molecules containing flexible chemical bonds (single …

Predictors Of Bone Density In Women: A Longitudinal Study, Susan G. Munroe

Doctoral Dissertations

This research was a 15-year follow-up study of the relationships of age, physical measurements, diet group (non-vegetarian, NV; vegetarian, V), use of estrogen, dietary intakes of energy, calcium, and bone density in 60 healthy postmenopausal NV (n=31) and V (n=29) women, (age range 53-92). The V group was comprised of 29 lacto-ovo-vegetarian women, the remaining 31 subjects were NV. All subjects had been participants in an earlier (1976-1979) bone density study conducted in these laboratories. Measurements of height, weight, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), and bone density of the radius and ulna were made (single photon absorptiometry); 7-day dietary records, and …

The Presence Of Anxiety In First Year Associate Degree Nursing Students And The Effectiveness Of A Stress Management Program, Cynthia W. Swafford

Doctoral Dissertations

The purposes of this study were to document and describe the presence of anxiety in an incoming class of associate degree nursing students and to determine the effects of a stress management program on anxiety reduction and promotion of success in the first semester of a nursing program.

The population was 122 first year nursing students at Chattanooga State Technical Community College in Fall 1990. Treatment (n = 58) and control (n = 64) groups were assigned based on a common schedule of nursing classes.

During the semester, the treatment group voluntarily attended weekly one hour stress management/anxiety reduction sessions. …

Development Of A Generalized Quartic Equation Of State For Pure Fluids, Vinod M. Shah

Doctoral Dissertations

A generalized quartic equation of state has been developed for pure simple fluids. It is a four parameter perturbed hard sphere equation of state. The four parameters of the equation of state for any fluid depend only on three properties of the fluid, namely critical temperature, critical volume and the acentric factor. The repulsive contribution to the pressure has been modelled using an mathematical approximation of a hard-sphere equation of state. An empirical equation is used to model the attractive contributions to the pressure. Being a quartic equation of state, it yields four roots when solved. One root of the …

The Relationship Between Candidate Self-Monitoring, Verbal Impression Management, And Interviewers' Ratings In The Employment Interview, Esther Joy Long

Doctoral Dissertations

Past research has found that verbal and nonverbal communication are both powerful vehicles for impression management in the employment interview. Research on the socialpsychological trait of self-monitoring suggests that people differ in terms of their skill at impression management The primary purpose of the present research was to detennine if candidates' self-monitoring orientations are related to interviewers' ratings and hiring recommendations in actual employment interviews (Study 1) and to candidate impression management behavior in mock interviews (Study 2). Two hundred and thirty-three job candidates (college students) and 30 campus recruiters participated in the first study. Three hypotheses were tested in …

A Comparative Analysis Of Nishida And Sartre With Special Reference To Their Respective Ontologies, Brian D. Elwood

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation is a study in East-West comparative philosophy. It attempts for the first time to comparatively analyze the respective phenomenological ontologies of two noteworthy twentieth-century philosophers, namely Nishida Kitaro of Japan and Jean-Paul Sartre of France, and how they respond differently to the challenge of the German philosopher, Edmund Husserl. The major foci of the study are: (1) consciousness and the world, (2) pre-reflective and reflective consciousness, (3) self-consciousness and the nature of the self, (4) being and nothingness, and (5) theories of religious consciousness.

Certain remarkable similarities between Nishida and Sartre are discussed, such as the fact that …

Susceptibility Of Listeria Monocytogenes To Alkyl Esters Of P-Hydroxybenzoic Acid And Sodium Chloride, Vijay Kumar Juneja

Doctoral Dissertations

Lipid profile of nine strains of Listeria monocytogenes and its variation in the presence of antimicrobials (parabens and salt) and varying temperatures was determined. In addition, an attempt was made to develop L. monocytogenes cells with a defined fatty acid composition. The resistance of these cells and parent strains of L. monocytogenes to antimicrobials was compared. The effect of the antimicrobials on lipid synthesizing enzymes was carried out. Correlations between cytoplasmic membrane lipid composition, or enzymes, or both, and susceptibility of L. monocytogenes to antimicrobials were determined.

The average total lipid content was 6.65% (dry weight basis). The two major …