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Cover - Front Matter - Table Of Contents - Jean Dassier's Milton Medal
Cover - Front Matter - Table Of Contents - Jean Dassier's Milton Medal
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No abstract provided.
Free Will And Knowledge Before And After The Fall, David J. Tietge
Free Will And Knowledge Before And After The Fall, David J. Tietge
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There are certain ambiguities that impede a definitive reading of Paradise Lost, and this seems to be accepted as an occupational hazard for most scholars and students who undertake the task of coming to an intelligible understanding of the poem. Many of these interpretive problems result from personal convictions, a love or hate of Milton, or a need to approach the work from specific critical perspectives. In Milton's attempt to clarify human and cosmological origins, he seems to have (out of necessity) made the reading such that it requires us to push our intellectual and philosophical capacities to the …
Adam And Eve, By Albrecht Dürer
The Physiology Of Art In Bach And Milton, Harvey Hess
The Physiology Of Art In Bach And Milton, Harvey Hess
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Bach and Milton have much in common. A survey would reveal that the years of Bach's life (1685-1750) and Milton's (1608-1674) make the two men, if not contemporaries, at least fellow partakers of the Baroque period. Both artists professed themselves to be Christian. Both were Protestant. Both died blind, though Milton's blindness seemed compatible with his vocation, while with Bach, it was an impairment and affliction. Other biographical similarities could be cited. The similarities between the two of most importance, however, are those found in their works of art. Both music and poetry find their physiology in the empirically audible …
Milton's Treatment Of The Eucharistic Sacrament In Paradise Lost, Bev Byford
Milton's Treatment Of The Eucharistic Sacrament In Paradise Lost, Bev Byford
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As the late C. A. Patrides points out in Milton and the Christian Tradition, Paradise Lost is not a theological treatise, but it is a religious poem. More to the point, it is a "Christian Protestant Poem" (5). As a Christian poem, Paradise Lost offers a dynamic network of contrasts: good vs. evil, love vs. hate, humility vs. pride, reason vs. passion, servitude vs. freedom, and the Son vs. Satan. A less obvious, yet equally compelling, contrast is that between the two meals that occur in the epic. These two meals are set in opposition to one another and …
Expulsion From Paradise, By Albrecht Dürer
Prefatory Note, Donald Cummings
Prefatory Note, Donald Cummings
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This is the seventh annual volume representing the work of University of Northern-Iowa students writing in the field of economics. The articles presented here stem from papers written for classes in economics at UNI. Once again we would like to thank faculty and students who participated in this project for their dedication to quality student writing. Last January, papers were submitted for consideration for publication. Members of Omicron Delta Epsilon, the economics student honorary, and the economics faculty used a blind review process to select four outstanding papers. Writing groups were formed which included the authors (Steve Armbrecht, Mark McCombs, …
Cover - Front Matter - Table Of Contents
Military Expenditures In Developing Countries: Impetus Or Obstacle To Economic Growth?, Steven W. Armbrecht
Military Expenditures In Developing Countries: Impetus Or Obstacle To Economic Growth?, Steven W. Armbrecht
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Military expenditures, it has been argued, stimulate economic growth and improve a country's standard of living. Conversely, military expenditures have also been blamed for stifling economic growth by diverting into the military sector funds sorely needed for education, medical care, and social welfare. The history of many developing countries seems to support the view that military spending has become an obstacle to economic growth.
The Interest Rate Roller Coaster: Factors That Influence Interest Rate Fluctuations, Ken Meyer
The Interest Rate Roller Coaster: Factors That Influence Interest Rate Fluctuations, Ken Meyer
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Millions of people are affected by interest rates each day. Whether obtaining a car loan, a mortgage loan, or any other type of loan, the price one pays for this loan is ultimately the interest rate charged. Interest rates are also a factor for investors. The return (income) one receives from investing in bonds, stocks, and mutual funds will be determined by the interest rate or yield of these securities. In turn, interest rates will affect people's decisions in choosing the right opportunity (borrowing vs. investing) that will minimize costs or maximize returns. What many people do not realize, however, …
The Moral Philosophy Of Individualism: Its History And Relationship With Collectivism, Mark D. Mccombs
The Moral Philosophy Of Individualism: Its History And Relationship With Collectivism, Mark D. Mccombs
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The concept of individualism often carries with it negative connotations. Associated with selfishness and egotism, its principles are seen by many to be in opposition to social stability. Individualism is also seen as promoting competition among individuals. Contrary to this popular perception, however, is the assertion that individualism does not necessarily result in extreme selfishness nor does it always promote competition among members of society; indeed, in the marketplace competition is seen as beneficial. One can argue, in fact, that individualism is as much a description of social reality as it is a morality directing the behavior of individuals.
Prefatory Note, Theodore Hovet
Prefatory Note, Theodore Hovet
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One of the most consequential results of the past twenty years of feminist theory and literary criticism has been the dismantling of traditional norms of what constitutes the self and individual identity. Carol Gilligan, Mary Field Belenky, and Elizabeth Abel - to name only the most widely read - have demonstrated that the American ideal of developing an individuated, authentic, and autonomous self does not rest on universal psychological and moral principles but is primarily a "fiction" created by masculine discourse.
The following critical essays focus on four of the most memorable individuals in American literature - Isabel Archer from …
Part I. In A Different Voice: New Light On Moral And Psychological Development
Part I. In A Different Voice: New Light On Moral And Psychological Development
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No abstract provided.
Lily Bart: A Surfacing Inner Voice, L. Christine White
Lily Bart: A Surfacing Inner Voice, L. Christine White
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In Edith Wharton's The House of Mirth (1905), Lily Bart undergoes two conflicts: first, between freedom of personal expression and social role-playing, and, second, between personal and social moral codes. These conflicts, which interfere with Lily's attempted psychological and moral growth, are manifested in her struggle between private and public "voice," a term Mary F. Belenky and co-authors describe as being "a metaphor that can apply to many aspects of women's experience and development" (18). In order to analyze the effects of these conflicts on Lily's psychological and moral growth, one must first examine the makeup of her private and …
Self-Identity And Moral Responsibility In The House Of Mirth, Joan Loslo
Self-Identity And Moral Responsibility In The House Of Mirth, Joan Loslo
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In her psychological study of women's development, In a Different Voice, Carol Gilligan writes: ''The essence of moral decision is the exercise of choice and the willingness to accept responsibility for that choice. To the extent that women perceive themselves as having no choice, they correspondingly excuse themselves from the responsibility that decision entails" (67). According to Gilligan, women's perception that they have no choice stems from the belief enforced by society that women are dependent on men for protection, support, and approval. Because of their dependency, women further surrender the initiative of making choices to men. And because …
Isabel Archer And The Persephone Myth: A Psychological Case Study, Donna Mallin
Isabel Archer And The Persephone Myth: A Psychological Case Study, Donna Mallin
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In The Portrait of a Lady (1881), Henry James has created a complex character, Isabel Archer, whose decisions defy glib interpretations. In particular, the ending of the novel in which Isabel chooses to return to Rome and a loveless marriage rather than to liberate herself from its constraints, is enigmatic. Since James chooses not to reveal Isabel's reasons for this decision, there is much ambiguity. What does this decision reveal about Isabel's psychological and moral development? And, in turn, what does Isabel's decision tell us about women's development in general?
Part Ii. Self In A Commodity Culture
Staging In Carrie's Psychological Development: Does She Or Doesn't She?, Kimberly Muta
Staging In Carrie's Psychological Development: Does She Or Doesn't She?, Kimberly Muta
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How does Carrie Meeber, Theodore Dreiser's ''half-equipped little knight" (4) in Sister Carrie (1900), fare from a feminist perspective which favors the psychological development of women into empowered individuals? One critic argues that she "does better for herself than if she had followed a more conventional path," such as marriage and family (Wolstenholme 254). I agree Carrie has gained power. Even if she does not completely develop into an independent woman, she certainly becomes an important and influential one.
The Commodification Of Self And The Undermining Of Lily Bart's Identity, Kitty Kau Burroughs
The Commodification Of Self And The Undermining Of Lily Bart's Identity, Kitty Kau Burroughs
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In her quest "to get as much as one can out of life" (68), Lily Bart in Edith Wharton's House of Mirth encounters various societies and financial exchanges. Her personal development can be described as a female identity formed out of relationships and connections such as that discussed in Carol Gilligan's In a Different Voice (8). Her quest for material wealth, in contrast, can be interpreted in terms of individual achievement. However, Matina Homer has pointed out that women have a problem with competitive achievement, and their strivings produce anticipation of certain negative consequences (15). Throughout Wharton's novel, abundant evidence …
Isabel Archer's Romantic Identity Quest: Ruin And Realization, Alan Lange
Isabel Archer's Romantic Identity Quest: Ruin And Realization, Alan Lange
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I approach The Portrait of a Lady with a decidedly romantic and masculine bias, empathizing with Isabel's aesthetic quest while realizing the futility of it, at least in her circumstances. The Romantic Identity Quest, defined by writers like William Wordsworth and Ralph Waldo Emerson and which has shaped much of Western culture, is based on a male model of personal development. While the quest may appeal to women, its results fulfill strictly masculine expectations of detachment from the Mother figure. Isabel Archer's quest exemplifies the feminine equivalent of the male's traditional romantic trek, but for Isabel there is no sense …
Part Iii. Changing Concepts Of Gender Identity
Part Iv. The Self From A Postmodernist Perspective
George Hurstwood's Artificial Self, Richard L. Campbell
George Hurstwood's Artificial Self, Richard L. Campbell
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One of the most intriguing aspects of Theodore Dreiser's Sister Carrie (1900) is the way in which the main characters, Carrie Meeber and George Hurstwood, struggle with their identities. In a deterministic fictional world where many are simply blown about like so many wisps in the wind, both these characters seek to establish new identities. Of further interest is the fact that they do so in nearly opposite ways - Carrie by attempting to acquire status (whether through clothes, roles, or men) and Hurstwood by escaping his social roles and attempting to establish a more "authentic" self.
James's "Lady" In Postmodernity, James P. Mcdaniel
James's "Lady" In Postmodernity, James P. Mcdaniel
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John Gardner's On Moral Fiction (1977) presents one of the early humanistic critiques of postmodern literature - "a literature without qualities," as Warner Berthoff (1979) ironically calls American literary art after 1945. For both Gardner and Berthoff, though the latter seems more inclined to appreciate the implications of postmodern literature, contemporary fiction is marked by a lack of "moral concern" in the humanistic sense of the term. Or, to put it in a different way, Gardner and Berthoff each comment on the ways in which the postmodern novel (as well as other literary genres) have come to undermine conventional literary, …
Carrie Meeber And The Reflected Self, Michael T. Prahl
Carrie Meeber And The Reflected Self, Michael T. Prahl
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Deborah Garfield, in her article ''Taking a Part: Actor and Audience in Theodore Dreiser's Sister Carrie," analyzes the novel in terms of the theatrical aspects of the story. This approach is appropriate and, to a degree, fruitful, given Carrie's chosen profession as well as various elements of staging found within the novel. It is, however, what is left unstated in such an analysis, what is implied, which gives this approach its force. The unstated element in this approach is the notion that we are all, whether characters in a story or "real" people, merely playing roles, merely reflecting back …
Prefatory Note, Elaine Kalmar
Prefatory Note, Elaine Kalmar
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It is a pleasure to introduce these essays on John Milton's Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained. The essays had their genesis as projects in the Milton course in the fall of 1989 and were refined through the following spring in the process mandated by this series, group reading and rereading one another's papers and revising their own. Bev Byford's essay underwent further reworking under the guidance of Professor Grace Ann Hovet, for the purpose of submitting the required research paper for the M.A. degree in English Language and Literature.