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Simulation Of Social Networks To Maximize The Prevention And Treatment Of Alcohol Use Disorders, Kevin Hallgren
Simulation Of Social Networks To Maximize The Prevention And Treatment Of Alcohol Use Disorders, Kevin Hallgren
Psychology ETDs
Introduction: Previous studies have found associations between alcohol use and having heavy-drinking social networks. This association is thought to be caused by (1) social influence, where ones social network influences his or her drinking, and (2) social selection, where an individual forms relationships with individuals who drink at similar levels. These processes are reciprocal and, when acting simultaneously, create a feedback loop with non-linear dynamics. Computer simulations have allowed complex systems to be modeled in many scientific fields; however, this method has not yet been used to study the dynamic associations between social networks and alcohol use. Method: The present …
Normative Beliefs About Drinking And Alcohol Use Among Native American And Non-Hispanic White College Students, Kylee Hagler
Normative Beliefs About Drinking And Alcohol Use Among Native American And Non-Hispanic White College Students, Kylee Hagler
Psychology ETDs
Excessive alcohol consumption among college students has been linked to many negative consequences (e.g. Chou et al., 2006). Normative beliefs about alcohol use have been associated with college alcohol use such that students who estimate higher drinking among peers and students who perceive higher approval for drinking from peers tend to drink more (e.g. Neighbors, Lee, Lewis, Fossos, & Larimer, 2007). However, many studies examining normative beliefs have been conducted with only non-Hispanic White (NHW) college students. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between normative beliefs about drinking and four alcohol variables in a sample …
Moderate Fetal Alcohol Exposure, The Nucleus Accumbens, And Alcohol Consumption In Adulthood, James Rice
Moderate Fetal Alcohol Exposure, The Nucleus Accumbens, And Alcohol Consumption In Adulthood, James Rice
Psychology ETDs
Recent findings using a moderate prenatal alcohol consumption model in rats found that male offspring had reduced dendritic fields in medium spiny neurons of the nucleus accumbens (NAc). These results suggest that moderate fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) leads to long-lasting alterations in brain regions involved in reward processing that could lead to abnormal behavior related to ethanol (EtOH) in adulthood. Here, five experiments were carried out to establish the extent to which moderate FAE leads to increased EtOH consumption in adulthood, how functional and structural alterations in the NAc are related to EtOH consumption, and whether moderate FAE has any …
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation For The Reduction Of Alcohol Craving, Danielle Rudder
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation For The Reduction Of Alcohol Craving, Danielle Rudder
Psychology ETDs
BACKGROUND: Craving is implicated the maintenance of alcohol abuse and dependence as well as relapse during attempts at recovery. An early investigation by Boggio et al. (2008b) demonstrated that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was effective in reducing craving among individuals with alcohol dependence. The present study is the first to continue to explore the potential of tDCS to manipulate craving in the context of alcohol use and abuse. METHODS: 18 adult participants completed assessments of alcohol abuse severity, and of alcohol craving and mood before and after transcranial stimulation. Active and sham tDCS …
Developing A Measure Of Ambivalence About Drinking Less Alcohol: Psychometric Properties And Construct Validity, Samara Lloyd Rice
Developing A Measure Of Ambivalence About Drinking Less Alcohol: Psychometric Properties And Construct Validity, Samara Lloyd Rice
Psychology ETDs
The resolution of ambivalence is an appealing explanation of how at-risk drinkers make changes in their alcohol consumption; however, limited research about this potential mechanism of change exists due to the lack of a specific measure of ambivalence about drinking less alcohol. An initial item pool measuring ambivalence was assessed in two different samples of at-risk drinkers, undergraduate college students participating in the study for research participation credit (N1 = 129) and participants recruited from online sources (N2 = 128) using an online web survey. Three different methods of measuring ambivalence were tested: a double-barreled items method, a difference score …