Digital Commons Network^™

Free Choice And Presuppositional Exhaustification, Guillermo Del Pinal, Itai Bassi, Uli Sauerland

Philosophy Department Faculty Publication Series

Sentences such as Olivia can take Logic or Algebra (‘♢∨-sentences’) are typically interpreted as entailing that Olivia can take Logic and can take Algebra. Given a standard semantics for modals and disjunction, those ‘Free choice’ (FC) readings are not predicted from the surface form of ♢∨-sentences. Yet the standard semantics is appropriate for the ‘double prohibition’ reading typically assigned to ¬♢∨-sentences like Olivia can’t take Logic or Algebra. Several extant approaches to FC can account for those two cases, but face challenges when ♢∨, ¬♢∨ and related sentences appear embedded in certain environments. In this paper, we present a …

Prioritizing Climate Equity: A Qualitative Analysis Of The Massachusetts Mvp Program, Noah Gordon

Landscape Architecture & Regional Planning Masters Projects

The impacts of climate change are already being felt today and will continue to be felt for centuries. Thousands of scientists from around the world emphatically agree that anthropogenic emissions (emissions related to human activities) have caused an increase in the average global temperature since pre-industrial times, and will continue to elevate temperatures unless CO2 and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are drastically reduced (Working Group I 2021). Many governments at all scales around the globe have taken steps to mitigate GHG emissions. The US Environmental Protection Agency, for example, has set more stringent standards for the fuel efficiency of …

Metrics For Decision-Making In Energy Justice, Erin Baker, Sanya Carley, Sergio Castellanos, Destenie Nock, Joe F. Bozeman Iii, David Konsiky, Chukwuka G. Monyei, Monisha Shah, Benjamin Sovacool

ETI Publications

Energy equity and justice have become priority considerations for policy-makers, practitioners, and scholars alike. To ensure that energy equity is incorporated into actual decisions and analysis, it is necessary to design, use, and continually improve energy equity metrics. In this article, we review the literature and practices surrounding such metrics. We present a working definition for energy justice and equity, and connect them to both criteria for and frameworks of metrics. We then present a large sampling of energy equity metrics, including those focused on vulnerability, wealth creation, energy poverty, life cycle, and comparative country-level dynamics.We conclude with a discussion …

Typicality And Trajectories Of Problematic And Positive Behaviors Over Adolescence In Eight Countries, Christy M. Buchanan, Susannah Zietz, Jennifer E. Lansford, Ann T. Skinner, Laura Di Giunta, Kenneth A. Dodge, Sevtap Gurdal, Qin Liu, Qian Long, Paul Oburu, Concetta Pastorelli, Emma Sorbring, Laurence Steinberg, Sombat Tapanya, Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado, Saengduean Yotanyamaneewong, Liane P. Alampay, Suha Al-Hassan, Dario Bacchini, Marc H. Bornstein, Lei Chang, Kirby Deater-Deckard

Psychological and Brain Sciences Faculty Publication Series

In this study, we examine the predictions of a storm and stress characterization of adolescence concerning typicality and trajectories of internalizing, externalizing, and wellbeing from late childhood through late adolescence. Using data from the Parenting Across Cultures study, levels and trajectories of these characteristics were analyzed for 1,211 adolescents from 11 cultural groups across eight countries. Data were longitudinal, collected at seven timepoints from 8 to 17 years of age. Results provide more support for a storm and stress characterization with respect to the developmental trajectories of behavior and characteristics from childhood to adolescence or across the adolescent years than …

Quantification At A Distance And Grammatical Illusions In French, Jérémy Pasquereau, Brian Dillon, Lyn Frazier

Linguistics Department Faculty Publication Series

Recent research in psycholinguistics supports the hypothesis that retrieval from working memory is a key component of establishing syntactic dependencies in comprehension. This can result in so-called grammatical illusions. These illusions have been modeled as the result of a content-addressable retrieval process in sentence comprehension that allows grammatically inaccessible licensing elements to be reactivated, creating a spurious perception of acceptability. This article reports five studies that establish the existence of a new grammatical illusion involving quantification at a distance and the licensing of so-called de NPs in French. Our results suggest that this grammatical illusion is interestingly constrained by syntactic …

Identity Avoidance In Turkish Partial Reduplication: Feature Specificity And Locality, Kevin Tang, Faruk Akkuş

Linguistics Department Faculty Publication Series

This study investigates the Turkish partial reduplication phenomenon, in which the reduplicant is derived by prefixing C1VC2 syllable, where C1V are identical to the word-initial CV of the base and the C2 ends in one of the four linking consonants: -p, -m, -s, -r. This study re-examines the factors conditioning the choice of the linking consonant, by focusing the nature of the (dis)similarity (feature specificity) and the proximity (locality) between the consonants in the base and the linking consonant, using an acceptability rating task with over 200 participants and a diverse set of stimuli in terms …

Ethical Marketing Ai? A Structured Literature Review Of The Ethical Challenges Posed By Artificial Intelligence In The Domains Of Marketing And Consumer Behavior, Yiran Su, Emma Wang, Pierre Berthon

Sport Management Department Faculty Publication Series

With the increasing use of AI in marketing, ethical repercussions are beginning to emerge. From privacy issues, through discrimination of marginalized groups, to emergent systemic social distortions, AI is changing the marketing ethical landscape. In this paper we conduct a structured literature review of the emerging ethical issues posed by AI in the domains of marketing and consumer behavior. We identify three clusters of ethical issues (algorithm, society and existential) and map these to the marketing domains of systems, brands, and consumers. We conclude that the field of ethical marketing AI is still very much in its infancy, but such …

Enhancing Transgender Informed Healthcare For Nursing Students: An Educational Intervention, Olivia Bass

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Background: Limited teaching of transgender related healthcare competencies is seen in baccalaureate nursing curriculum, resulting in inadequate preparation of healthcare providers to care for this population of patients. This discord can prevent transgender patients from seeking healthcare and affect access to needed services. Purpose: The purpose of this DNP project was to educate accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing students at an institute of higher education on providing culturally responsive healthcare for transgender patients. Methods: An in-person educational intervention focused on improving clinical and cultural knowledge for transgender patients was implemented and evaluated. A pre-intervention survey and post-intervention survey …

Envisioning The Future Of A Mature Ir: A Midlife Assessment Of Scholarworks@Umassamherst, Erin Jerome, Thea P. Atwood, Melanie Radik, Rebecca M. Seifried

University Libraries Publication Series

The University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries launched its institutional repository (IR), ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst, in July 2006. To date, the IR has over 57,000 works that have been downloaded over 25 million times all over the world. Over the past six years, the content of the IR has expanded from mainly postprints and Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) to include podcasts, datasets, open educational resources (OER), and other shareable open content that has no other logical home. As continued growth has pushed the limits of the software as designed, we decided to conduct a full assessment of the IR in order to …

Prompt Literacy: A Pivotal Educational Skill In The Age Of Ai, Sai Gattupalli, Robert W. Maloy, Sharon A. Edwards

College of Education Working Papers and Reports Series

Prompt literacy signifies a major leap in education, offering a potent tool to interact with generative AI systems. As an emerging necessity in the 21st century and beyond, it encompasses the formulation, interpretation, and analysis of AI prompts. Poised to be foundational for all future generations, this discourse brings to light its emergence in parallel with generative AI and its transformative role in pedagogical contexts for the coming decades and beyond.

Developing A Culturally-Responsive Coding Scheme For Game Design, Sai Gattupalli

College of Education Working Papers and Reports Series

This research seeks to advance culturally-responsive computing education (Eglash et al., 2013) by creating an instrument to systematically analyze manifestations of students’ cultural contexts within the collaborative artifacts they produce using the WL curriculum learning activities. With an aim to develop an analytical “tool” to identify, categorize, describe and study cultural signatures in WL game design rtifacts, the RQ becomes:

RQ: How can Pusch’s seminal framework of cultural dimensions inform systematic analysis methodology to decode students’ localized cultural contexts, worlds views, and self-conceptions reflected through their collaborative game designs using the WearableLearning education technology across 3 countries?

Equitable Energy Transition Planning In Holyoke Massachusetts: A Technical Analysis For Strategic Gas Decommissioning And Grid Resiliency, University Of Massachusetts Amherst Energy Transition Institute

ETI Reports

This report provides a framework for targeting geographic areas for electrification and strategically managing leak-prone gas pipe infrastructure. Section I evaluates alternatives for gas pipeline replacement, as aging gas infrastructure is a widespread issue and requires modernization to minimize methane leaks which have significant health, safety, and climate implications. We consider scenarios including business as usual, accelerated strategic electrification, and options including propane tanks. This analysis finds that avoided pipeline replacement can reduce methane leaks from the distribution system; reducing greenhouse gas emissions; and lead to overall costs savings for consumers. Section II of this report demonstrates how different data …

Producing Long-Distance Dependencies In English And Japanese, Mari Kugemoto, Shota Momma

Linguistics Department Faculty Publication Series

No abstract provided.

A "Chillier" Climate For Multiply Marginalized Stem Faculty Impedes Research Collaboration, Eric E. Griffith, Ethel L. Mickey, Nilanjana Dasgupta

Publications

Research collaboration is key to faculty career success in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Yet little research has considered how faculty from multiply marginalized identity groups experience collaboration compared to colleagues from majority groups. The present study fills that gap by examining similarities and differences in collaboration experiences of faculty across multiple marginalized groups, and the role of department climate in those experiences. A survey of STEM faculty at a large public research university found that faculty from underrepresented groups – in terms of gender, race, and sexual orientation – had more negative experiences with department-level research collaborations. Moreover, …

Scholarworks@Umassamherst: Fy22 Annual Report, Erin Jerome

University Libraries Working Papers and Reports

No abstract provided.

Time And Evidence In The Graded Tense System Of Mvskoke (Creek), Kimberly C. Johnson

Linguistics Department Graduate Student Publication Series

In recent years, much attention has been given to the puzzling relationship between tense and evidence type found in languages where a single morpheme appears to encode both reference to time and to the evidential source for the assertion. In natural language, tense has long been understood as serving to locate the time at which the proposition expressed by the sentence holds. The two main theories of evidentials both agree that these morphemes serve to identify the type of evidence the speaker has for their assertion. In languages with evidential-tense morphology, these two categories of meaning are intertwined in ways …

Cui Bono: Do Open Source Software Incubator Policies And Procedures Benefit The Projects Or The Incubator?, Anamika Sen, Curtis Atkisson, Charlie Schweik

Economics Department Graduate Student Publications Series

Open source software (OSS), a form of Digital or Knowledge Commons, underlies much of the technology that we use in our daily lives. The existence and continuation of OSS relies on the contribution of private resources – personal time, volunteer energy, and effort of numerous actors (e.g., software developers’ time as a common-pool resource) – to public goods, the benefits of which are enjoyed by everyone. Nonprofit organizations such as the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) attempt to aid this process by providing various collective services to OSS projects, acting as a second-order actor in the production of the public good. …

Improving Cultural Competency Among Rn Case Managers Serving Hispanic Adult Patients In Western Massachusetts, Victor O. Boadu

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Background: Hispanics are the largest minority group in the United States and account for an increasing number of poor health outcomes in treating and managing mental illnesses. The barriers to care include low socioeconomic status, lack of health insurance, clinician bias, low health literacy, and lack of effort around cultural care. A literature review was conducted to synthesize the effectiveness of cultural competency training supporting clinical practice and to evaluate areas that needs improvement. Purpose: To increase RN case managers’ cultural competency levels by completing an educational intervention based on a specific cultural competency model to improve quality of …

Using The Re-Aim Framework To Evaluate The Programmatic Management Of Latent Tuberculosis Infection In Maine, Jovin M. Bayingana

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Background: Treating Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) which is asymptomatic and a reservoir for TB disease is essential to end tuberculosis. This project focused on identifying gaps in programmatic management of LTBI in the state of Maine and the creation of minimum data metrics to serve as a framework for potential quality improvement initiatives.

Methods: Participants included Maine Medical Center/TB Clinic, referring primary care sites, their staff, and the Public Health Nursing Central Referral Office. The number of referrals to TB Clinic, number of attendances, number of individuals diagnosed and prescribed with LTBI treatment, number of treatment initiations, number of treatment …

The Role Of Aid On Peace Consolidation In Postwar Sri Lanka, Narayani Sritharan

Economics Department Working Paper Series

The three-decade war in Sri Lanka left parts of the northern and eastern regions severely destroyed. Those regions are populated by minority and marginalized ethnic groups. The expectation is that aid flows to those regions to rebuild after the war as they need the aid more than other places. Nonetheless, the regions are underdeveloped, and the underlying issues which caused the war are yet to be addressed. Hence, this paper aims to answer the research question, ‘Are conflict-affected districts a priority in aid allocation in postwar Sri Lanka?’ This paper is primarily concerned about the aid allocation post-conflict. However, since …

Future Proofing: Changing Tourism Education To Change Business Practices, Maria Della Lucia Ph.D., Frederic Dimanche Ph.D.

TTRA Canada 2021 Conference

Introduction: This paper addresses the TTRA Canada conference sub-theme “Future-Proofing: Learning from Today to Build Back Tomorrow.” The pandemic has accelerated discussion about the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of tourism, social equity, workers’ dignity, as well as the long-term climate crisis. Tourism and the pandemic have led to a series of discussions about whether tourism can indeed be sustainable (e.g., Benjamin et al., 2020). The fact that the tourism industry has been the economic activity that was the most affected by the pandemic feeds this discussion (Della Lucia, Giudici, & Dimanche, 2021) . The sector has shown that it …

Tourism-Related Climate Change Perspectives: Social Media Conversations About Canada’S Rocky Mountain National Parks, Farshid Mirzaalian, Elizabeth Halpenny

TTRA Canada 2021 Conference

This study employed quantitative social media big data analysis in conjunction with qualitative analysis of postings to better comprehend online lay discourse of climatic change issues in a nature-based tourism destination, Jasper National Park, Canada. Such mixed methodological approaches to big data enable tourism researchers to not only study unstructured social media big data for future-proofing purposes but to address some methodological concerns often raised about solely using corpus linguistic or thematic analyzes. This study unearthed divergent themes regarding tourists’ perceptions of climate change upon visiting JNP, with the most significant discourses on climate grief, education and interpretation, pro- environmental …

An Investigation Into Capitalism And Unfree Labor In The Twenty-First Century, Nicolas Blaisdell

Commonwealth Honors College Theses and Projects

From the nineteenth century transatlantic slave trade to the contemporary era of mass incarceration, capitalism's entanglement with unfree labor has been the subject of scholarly research from Karl Marx's Capital, Vol I. (1867) to Eric Williams' Capitalism and Slavery (1944) to Dennis Childs' Slaves of the State (2015). However, with more people enslaved today than all of the people violently seized from Africa during the transatlantic slave trade (Bales, 2012, p. 9) and capitalism persisting as the predominant worldwide economic system, a critical analysis of the structural relationship between capitalism and unfree labor remains all too pertinent in the …

Ecological Consequences Of A Millennium Of Introduced Dogs On Madagascar, Sean W. Hixon, Kristina G. Douglass, Laurie R. Godfrey, Laurie Eccles, Brooke E. Crowley, Lucien Marie Aimé Rakotozafy, Geoffrey Clark, Simon Haberle, Atholl Anderson, Henry T. Wright

Anthropology Department Faculty Publication Series

Introduced predators currently threaten endemic animals on Madagascar through predation, facilitation of human-led hunts, competition, and disease transmission, but the antiquity and past consequences of these introductions are poorly known. We use directly radiocarbon dated bones of introduced dogs (Canis familiaris) to test whether dogs could have aided human-led hunts of the island's extinct megafauna. We compare carbon and nitrogen isotope data from the bone collagen of dogs and endemic fosa (Cryptoprocta spp.) in central and southwestern Madagascar to test for competition between introduced and endemic predators. The distinct isotopic niches of dogs and fosa suggest that any past antagonistic …

Neural Representation Of Abstract Task Structure During Generalization, Avinash R. Vaidya, Henry M. Jones, Johanny Castillo, David Badre

Psychological and Brain Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Cognitive models in psychology and neuroscience widely assume that the human brain maintains an abstract representation of tasks. This assumption is fundamental to theories explaining how we learn quickly, think creatively, and act flexibly. However, neural evidence for a verifiably generative abstract task representation has been lacking. Here, we report an experimental paradigm that requires forming such a representation to act adaptively in novel conditions without feedback. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we observed that abstract task structure was represented within left mid-lateral prefrontal cortex, bilateral precuneus, and inferior parietal cortex. These results provide support for the neural instantiation of …

Humanism Or Humanitarianism? Collapse Of Imponderables In A Propaedeutic Discussion Between Ramon Esquerra And Manuel Cruells, Guillem Molla

Spanish and Portuguese Faculty Publication Series

This article analyzes the exchange of opinions between the critics Ramon Esquerra (19091938) and Manuel Cruells (1910-1988) about how to understand Renaissance humanism. On this basis, I focus on the first author to examine the implications arising from the act of thinking the interwar crisis, the function of the intellectual, and the cultural processes of the past through the geographical and temporal context in which it is consumed. In light of the narratives of some of the great European thinkers of the time (Hazard, Berdyaev, Benda, Maurois, etc.), Esquerra in his literary criticism projects a concern for the future of …

National Policy Space: Reframing The Political Economy Of Globalization And Its Implications For National Sovereignty And Democracy, Thomas Palley

PERI Working Papers

This paper critiques the trilemma framing of the political economy of globalization, and offers an alternative framing rooted in the construct of national policy space. Globalization causes changes in policy space which have drop-down implications for national sovereignty and democratic politics. Globalization involves choices regarding the “degree”, “type”, and “dimensions” of international economic integration. Contrary to the trilemma, the multi-faceted nature of the choices means there are no inevitable implications for sovereignty or democracy. Globalization is an intrinsically political project. To the extent it is now driving a nationalistic anti-democratic turn in politics, responsibility lies with political elites.

Scholarworks@Umassamherst: Fy21 Annual Report, Erin Jerome

University Libraries Working Papers and Reports

No abstract provided.

Teaching With Data In The Social Sciences At The University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Erin Jerome, Stephen Mcginty

University Libraries Working Papers and Reports

This report is an investigation of the pedagogical practices of social sciences instructors teaching with quantitative data at the undergraduate level at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The study was conducted by the University Libraries, and was part of a larger suite of parallel studies coordinated by Ithaka S+R at 20 institutions of higher education in the U.S. The study’s goal is to understand instructors’ undergraduate teaching processes so that institutions can develop local resources to support them in their work. While this local study will contribute to a larger cumulative capstone produced by Ithaka S+R, our recommendations will also …

A Scoping Review Of The Health Of African Immigrant And Refugee Children, Bukola Salami, Higinio Fernandez-Sanchez, Christa Fouche, Catrin Evans, Lindiwe Sibeko, Mia Tulli, Ashley Bulaong, Stephen Owunsu Kwankye, Mary Ani-Amponsah, Philomina Okeke-Ihejirika, Hayat Gommaa, Kafuli Agbemenu, Chizoma Millicent Ndikom, Solina Richter

Nutrition Department Faculty Publication Series

Migration is a growing phenomenon around the world, including within the African continent. Many migrants, especially African children, face challenges related to health and social inclusion and can face increased health risks. A systematic scoping review of available literature on the health of African migrant children across the globe was conducted to offer insight into these health risks. The review was conducted over a 15-month period from January 2019 to April 2020, yielding 6602 articles once duplicates were removed. This search included electronic databases, reference lists of articles reviewed, and searches of libraries of relevant organisations. A total of 187 …