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Youth And Adult Community Member Beliefs About Inupiat Youth Suicide And Its Prevention, Lisa Wexler, Brenda Goodwin
Youth And Adult Community Member Beliefs About Inupiat Youth Suicide And Its Prevention, Lisa Wexler, Brenda Goodwin
Lisa Wexler
Objectives. To better understand youth and adult community members’ perceived causes and possible preventative steps to address the high Inupiat youth suicide rates in Northwest Alaska. Study Design. A five-item, open-ended survey focusing on community members’ perceptions of suicide causes, warning signs, and protective factors was administered in the twelve Native villages served by the Maniilaq Association, a native non-profit organization. Methods. A total of 382 surveys were completed. Qualitative answers were assigned to categories by two reviewers. Main categories are described reflecting the percentages of all response categories and those of youth and adult respondents. To discern whether the …
Reactive Nitrogen Transport And Photochemistry In Urban Plumes Over The North Atlantic Ocean, J. A. Neuman, D. D. Parrish, M. Trainer, T. B. Ryerson, J. S. Holloway, J. B. Nowak, A. Swanson, F. Flocke, J. M. Roberts, S. S. Brown, H. Stark, R. Sommariva, A. Stohl, Richard Peltier, R. Weber, A. G. Wollny, D. T. Sueper, G. Hubler, F. C. Fehsenfeld
Reactive Nitrogen Transport And Photochemistry In Urban Plumes Over The North Atlantic Ocean, J. A. Neuman, D. D. Parrish, M. Trainer, T. B. Ryerson, J. S. Holloway, J. B. Nowak, A. Swanson, F. Flocke, J. M. Roberts, S. S. Brown, H. Stark, R. Sommariva, A. Stohl, Richard Peltier, R. Weber, A. G. Wollny, D. T. Sueper, G. Hubler, F. C. Fehsenfeld
Richard E. Peltier
Photochemical and transport processes involving reactive nitrogen compounds were studied in plumes of urban pollutants using measurements obtained from the NOAA WP-3 aircraft during the ICARTT study in July and August 2004. Observations close to Boston and New York City were used to characterize urban emissions, and plume transport and transformation processes were studied in aged plumes located up to 1000 km downwind from the east coast of North America. Pollution was observed primarily below 1.5 km altitude in well-defined layers that were decoupled from the marine boundary layer. In aged plumes located over the North Atlantic Ocean, the nitric …
Nocturnal Odd-Oxygen Budget And Its Implications For Ozone Loss In The Lower Troposphere, S. S. Brown, J. A. Neuman, T. B. Ryerson, M. Trainer, W. P. Dubé, J. S. Holloway, C. Warneke, J. A. De Gouw, S. G. Donnelly, E. Atlas, B. Matthew, A. M. Middlebrook, Richard Peltier, R. J. Weber, A. Stohl, J. F. Meagher, F. C. Fehsenfeld, A. R. Ravishankar
Nocturnal Odd-Oxygen Budget And Its Implications For Ozone Loss In The Lower Troposphere, S. S. Brown, J. A. Neuman, T. B. Ryerson, M. Trainer, W. P. Dubé, J. S. Holloway, C. Warneke, J. A. De Gouw, S. G. Donnelly, E. Atlas, B. Matthew, A. M. Middlebrook, Richard Peltier, R. J. Weber, A. Stohl, J. F. Meagher, F. C. Fehsenfeld, A. R. Ravishankar
Richard E. Peltier
Nitrogen oxides are important to the regulation of ozone throughout the Earth’s atmosphere. Of particular interest for regional air quality is photochemical production and nocturnal destruction of O3 in the lower troposphere in high NOx(=NO + NO2) environments. Nocturnal tropospheric odd oxygen (Ox), defined as O3 + NO2 + 2NO3 + 3N2O5, is used to assess the impact of NOx emissions on nocturnal O3 loss. Recent aircraft measurements of the components of Ox and HNO3 yield a detailed accounting of the nocturnal Ox budget in a regionally polluted environment. The analysis demonstrates the role of NO3 and N2O5 reactions in …
Combinatorial Markov Random Fields, Ron Bekkerman, Erik Learned-Miller
Combinatorial Markov Random Fields, Ron Bekkerman, Erik Learned-Miller
Erik G Learned-Miller
A combinatorial random variable is a discrete random variable defined over a combinatorial set (e.g., a power set of a given set). In this paper we introduce combinatorial Markov random fields (Comrafs), which are Markov random fields where some of the nodes are combinatorial random variables. We argue that Comrafs are powerful models for unsupervised and semi-supervised learning. We put Comrafs in perspective by showing their relationship with several existing models. Since it can be problematic to apply existing inference techniques for graphical models to Comrafs, we design two simple and efficient inference algorithms specific for Comrafs, which are based …
Improved Generative Models For Continuous Image Features Through Tree-Structured Non-Parametric Distributions, Marwan Mattar, Erik Learned-Miller
Improved Generative Models For Continuous Image Features Through Tree-Structured Non-Parametric Distributions, Marwan Mattar, Erik Learned-Miller
Erik G Learned-Miller
Density estimation arises in a wide range of vision problems and methods which can deal with high dimensional image features are of great importance. While in principle a non- parametric distribution can be estimated for the full featu re distribution using Parzen win- dows technique, the amount of data to make these estimates accurate is usually either unattainable or unmanageable. Consequently, most modelers resort to parametric models such as mixtures of Gaussians (or other more complicated parametric forms) or make in- dependence assumptions about the features. Such assumptions could be detrimental to the performance of vision systems since realistically, image …
The Processing And Analysis Of In Situ Gene Expression Images Of The Mouse Brain, Manjunatha Jagalur1,, Chris Pal, Erik Learned-Miller, R Zoeller, David Kulp
The Processing And Analysis Of In Situ Gene Expression Images Of The Mouse Brain, Manjunatha Jagalur1,, Chris Pal, Erik Learned-Miller, R Zoeller, David Kulp
Erik G Learned-Miller
Many important high throughput projects use in situ gene expression detection technology and require the analysis of images of spatial cross sections of organisms taken at cellular level resolution. Projects creating gene expression atlases at unprecedented scales for the embryonic fruit fly as well as the embryonic and adult mouse already involve the analysis of hundreds of thousands of high resolution experimental images. We present an end-to-end approach for processing raw in situ expression imagery and performing subsequent analysis. We use a nonlinear image registration technique specifically adapted for mapping expression images to anatomical annotations and a method for extracting …
Minimal Test Collections For Retrieval Evaluation, Ben Carterette, James Allan, Ramesh Sitaraman
Minimal Test Collections For Retrieval Evaluation, Ben Carterette, James Allan, Ramesh Sitaraman
Ramesh Sitaraman
Accurate estimation of information retrieval evaluation metrics such as average precision require large sets of relevance judgments. Building sets large enough for evaluation of real-world implementations is at best inefficient, at worst infeasible. In this work we link evaluation with test collection construction to gain an understanding of the minimal judging effort that must be done to have high confidence in the outcome of an evaluation. A new way of looking at average precision leads to a natural algorithm for selecting documents to judge and allows us to estimate the degree of confidence by defining a distribution over possible document …