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Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction With Traditional Docking Compared To Novel Surgical Techniques, Kayley D. Guy, Brendon P. Mcdermott, Kaitlin Gallagher, Tyrone Washington

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction (UCLR) is a surgical procedure on one of the main ligaments that provides normal stability for the elbow joint against excessive valgus stress. Damage to this ligament is common in athletes performing overhead throwing activities, primarily baseball players, due to excessive valgus stress during the throwing motion. The most common form of treatment for this type of injury is reconstructive surgery of the ligament, especially if athletes wish to return to sport participation. This type of surgery is extremely invasive and requires extensive post-operative rehabilitation in order to facilitate return to play. To date, many …

Does Macronutrient Consumption Affect Aerobic Capacity?, Jordan Bush-Means

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: Fitness in the United States is declining as the prevalence of obesity rises. It is known generally that exercise and diet both play a part in becoming fit, therefore veering away from being obese and/or overweight. Although people are aware they need to eat healthy foods and participate in physical activity, the role that dietary behaviors have on exercise, particularly aerobic capacity, remains unresolved. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze dietary behaviors and to examine associations with maximal aerobic capacity. We hypothesize that those who consume each food group will have a higher volume …

Determining Whether A Spot Urine Sample Is An Accurate Indication Of A Person's Hydration Status, Hannah Glidewell

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine what technique would be an accurate measurement of an individual’s hydration status. According to current research on hydration assessment, the “gold standard” to assess the hydration of an individual is by measuring their total body water (Armstrong, Lawrence 2007). This is the most accurate measurement in a laboratory setting, but finding a measurement that works during a real time setting has been a challenge. It was proposed that a spot urine sample would provide more accurate results than a first- morning urine sample when compared to a 24-hour urine sample set as …

Why Intercollegiate Athletic Departments Should Embrace Alcohol Sales, Garrett J. Clark

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

This thesis is guided by the theory of marketing myopia, the idea that an organizations should focus on single aspects like consumer needs and experiences in order to be successful. The sale of alcohol is becoming more and more common throughout collegiate athletics yet many schools are still missing out on the benefits that can come from embracing the tailgating culture of sports. This will examine the current literature surrounding the sale of alcohol at collegiate events, tailgating culture and what this all looks like in the real world. By examining schools and programs who currently offer the sale of …

The Effects Of A Dementia Simulation Experience On Attitudes Towards People With Dementia, Micah Huckabee

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Introduction: The neurodegenerative effects of dementia resulting in cognitive and behavioral impairments is plausibly one of the reasons for a societal stigma towards individuals with dementia. Societal stigmas are associated with decreased life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and decreased psychological well-being for stigmatized individuals. In an effort to improve attitudes towards individuals with dementia, this study utilized a dementia simulation to measure attitudinal changes after a dementia simulation. Methods: There were 33 participants in this study (13 male and 20 female) between the ages of 18 and 25. Participants completed a Dementia Attitudes Scale (DAS) survey, and then they dressed in …

Determining The Prevalence Of Injuries, Musculoskeletal Symptoms, And Stressors In Athletic Training Students, Brett Frazier

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Athletic training is one of the youngest and most rapidly growing professions in the medical field. One of the most prevalent problems with this young profession is the lack of information in the literature about injury, illness, and symptom reporting throughout the course of their career. The purpose of this study was to determine the self-reported prevalence of clinical-related injury, and musculoskeletal disorders/dysfunctions in current athletic training students. I hypothesized that the low back, neck, hand, and knee would be the most frequently affected body areas. Athletic training students from the University of Arkansas were recruited to take this survey. …

Sex-Hormone Fluctuations And Their Effects On Sexual Function In Ius Users, Kaley Ferguson

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Introduction: Despite intrauterine systems (IUS) being one of the most effective contraception methods available to women, fewer than 6% of women in the United States who use contraceptives rely on IUSs as their primary method. Instead, many women rely on the oral contraceptive pill. The effects of oral contraceptives on sex-hormone (i.e., progesterone, estrogen, androstenedione, and testosterone) levels and their subsequent impacts on sexual function and mood are well-studied; however, the impact of hormonal IUSs on these factors has not been established. This research is important because undesirable changes in sexual function and mood are reported as reasons for discontinuing …

A Qualitative Analysis Of Men’S Intended Bystander Behaviors In Response To A Sexual Assault Vignette, Evelyn Day

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Sexual assault is a pervasive problem; there are myriad negative consequences associated with sexual assault victimization. Given the commonality and consequences associated with victimization, preventing sexual assault is paramount. One mechanism thought to reduce rates of sexual assault is bystander intervention, in which third parties are encouraged to intervene when witnessing sexual assault risk factors and to challenge cultural norms regarding rape and assault. Despite the benefits of bystanding, not everyone intervenes. Previous research indicates that compared with women, men are less likely to intervene. Although some men intervene, researchers’ understanding of how men bystand is limited. The goal of …

Implications Of Running Shoe Degradation On Overuse Injury Incidence In Ncaa Division 1 Female Distance Runners, Rachel Nichwitz

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this longitudinal study was to analyze the impact of the degradation in footwear, due to increased mileage, on the incidence of overuse injuries in the female distance runners on the Arkansas Cross-Country team over the course of four weeks. Methods: Eight female participants over the age of 18 from the University of Arkansas women’s cross-country team that trained in a neutral-ride running shoe were recruited. Each week subjects recorded their mileage and completed a pain survey over the FOOT, LOWER-LEG, KNEE, UPPER-LEG, HIPS, and LOWER BACK while midsole thickness of their training shoes was measured …

The Effects Of Men's Lacrosse Protective Equipment On Thermoregulation And Perceptions During Exercise Heat Stress, Amanda Glasgow

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The effects of men's lacrosse protective equipment on thermoregulation and perceptions during exercise heat stress

Amanda P. Glasgow: Exercise Science Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR.

Background: Exertional heat stroke and other heat related illnesses are a common concern for athletic coaches and players. Looking to prevent further injuries, it is questioned whether players perceive if their bodies are heating to a dangerous level. Many factors play into the body’s response and the players perception including thirst, thermoregulation, and the kind of protective equipment the athletes are wearing. Purpose: Examine if perceptual responses are different when participants wear men’s …

Association Of Dietary Behaviors, Macro-Nutrients And Energy Intake With Body Fat Percentage, Lean Mass, And Bone Mineral Density., Makayla Goggins

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: Due to the obesity epidemic, many studies have compared nutrient intake to human body composition. However, previous studies have not used gold standard measures of body composition in a college population. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how dietary behaviors, overall energy intake, and macronutrient intake are associated with the body composition factors measured in a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. We hypothesize higher body fat percentage will be associated with higher fat and carbohydrate intake, but not total energy intake. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study done as part of Exercise is …

Consent And Contraceptives: An Investigation Of Dyadic Processes Within Sexual Relationships, Kelli N. Murray

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

To form healthy and satisfying sexual relationships, couples must implement effective sexual communication. Prior research mainly focuses on the female perspective when looking at communication about important relational aspects (e.g., sexual consent and contraceptive decision-making), but studies have indicated that sexual decisions are often made by both people in a dyad. To obtain an accurate idea of how dyadic sexual communication functions, both partners’ perspectives are needed. We investigated the dyadic practices and satisfaction regarding consent communication and contraceptive decision-making among sexually active dyads (N = 37) who were recruited through flyers and an electronic campus newsletter. Dyads individually, …

The Effects Of Men's Lacrosse Protective Equipment On Thermoregulation And Perceptions During Exercise Heat Stress, Amanda Glasgow

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The effects of men's lacrosse protective equipment on thermoregulation and perceptions during exercise heat stress

Amanda P. Glasgow: Exercise Science Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR.

Background: Exertional heat stroke and other heat related illnesses are a common concern for athletic coaches and players. Looking to prevent further injuries, it is questioned whether players perceive if their bodies are heating to a dangerous level. Many factors play into the body’s response and the players perception including thirst, thermoregulation, and the kind of protective equipment the athletes are wearing. Purpose: Examine if perceptual responses are different when participants wear men’s …

Effect Of Long-Duration Standing And Sitting On Vascular Function, Zackary Vaughan

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: An increase in sedentary lifestyle is a growing problem as it has a negative impact on vascular function leading to significantly higher risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular disease mortality. Both standing and sitting for extended periods of time affect endothelial function in lower leg vasculature. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) are two variables that allow us to quantify endothelial function. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of long-duration sitting versus standing on lower body vasculature as assessed by PWV and FMD. Methodology: This study included 13 men and …

The Influence Of Interpersonal Dyadic Differences On Condom Use Among Men Who Have Sex With Men, Andrew M. O'Neil

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and other STIs. Condom use is one of the most effective methods of prevention, but rates of condom use have been steadily declining among MSM. Therefore, determining what factors influence condom use decision-making among MSM is important. Interpersonal factors such as physical attractiveness, race, and age have been explored in relation to condom use. However, there is a dearth of research exploring the influence of discrepancies between casual partners in these social categories and its influence on condom use directly.

Purpose: The purpose of this …

Effect Of Localized Heating On Vascular Dysfunction, Garrett A. Pierce

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Introduction: One way to quantify vascular dysfunction of an individual is to examine Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD). Aerobic exercise is characterized by increased blood flow and has been shown to either prevent or mitigate vascular dysfunction. However, exercise may not always be possible, especially in occupational settings that require long bouts of sitting or standing. Localized heating of the lower limb may be an alternative, especially since it also increases blood flow. However it is unknown how localized heating affects vascular function during prolonged sitting and standing. Purpose:The purpose of this study was to look at the effect that …

The Acute Effects Of Citrulline Malate And Bonded Arginine Silicate Supplementation On Vasodilation Of Young Adults, Jeffrey Rogers

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Abstract

Background

Clinicians, professional athletes, and recreational athletes are interested in supplementation that up-regulates nitric oxide (NO) production in blood vessel endothelium, increasing arterial vasodilation. Benefits from these supplements include improvements in blood pressure, muscle hyperemia, and exercise performance. Citrulline Malate (CM) is a pre-workout ingredient, popular for its ability to increase exercise performance and blood serum concentrations of L-arginine, resulting in NO production. Recently, Inositol-Stabilized Arginine Silicate (ASI, Nitrosigine) has been added to many of the most popular pre-workout blends, following a group of studies showing ASI increases serum arginine and reduces post-workout muscle damage. Research has yet to …

The Impact Of Parenting Style On Emerging Adult Sexual Behavior, Xavier Smith

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of parenting style on emerging adult sexual behavior by surveying undergraduate students at the University of Arkansas. A total of 306 participants were evaluated for the study (101 men; 205 women). Methods: For the summer of 2018 through the fall of 2018, the survey was active. University of Arkansas students took the online survey via Qualtrics, and they reflected on topics including familial background, perception of parents, and sexual behavior to describe the relationship between parenting style and personal sexual behavior. Results: It was found that mother autonomy support …

Fitness Vs Fatness And Cardiovascular Health In Adolescents, Ashley E. Hensley

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: Adolescent obesity has been on the rise with studies showing obesity tracks into adulthood. Obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD); CVD is the leading cause of adult death in the U.S. Previous research shows a strong positive relationship between physical activity (PA) and cardiovascular (CV) health even in an obese adult population. Thus, the relationship between adolescent physical fitness and lifetime risk for CVD and all-cause mortality should be investigated. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine associations between PA and adiposity with cardiovascular health in obese and non-obese weight adolescents, with the …

The Effects Of Vml On Satellite Cell Mechanics Distal To The Defect Site, Jessica Lee

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is defined as a permanent loss of muscle tissue and function. Recent studies have used biomedical interventions such as decellularized matrices and autologous repair to enhance muscle regeneration of these injuries. Furthermore, exercise has also been shown to aid in the regenerative response. Biomedical interventions and physical activity help to attenuate severe fibrosis as well as encourage satellite cell activation in VML models. However, it is not known whether these interventions affect muscle tissue distal to the injury site. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of autologous muscle grafting and …