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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
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Hyperinsulinemic Lew.1wr1 Rats Develop Insulin Resistance And Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Madushika M. Wimalarathne
Hyperinsulinemic Lew.1wr1 Rats Develop Insulin Resistance And Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Madushika M. Wimalarathne
Dissertations
The pathophysiological causes of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development are not fully understood but are often associated with hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and ectopic lipid accumulation. A subpopulation of type 1 diabetes patients develops the pathophysiological parameters to be termed “double diabetes,” which is associated with NASH. The objective of this work was to identify metabolic features of double diabetes and assess if LEW.1WR1 rats develop NASH. I assessed pathophysiologically relevant protein changes using proteomics and western blotting. I found that 17-week-old LEW.1WR1 rats showed protein changes related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a precursor to NASH. We tested a second population …
Improving Undergraduate Student Engagement In Stem Through Bioinformatics Research, Michele C. Morris
Improving Undergraduate Student Engagement In Stem Through Bioinformatics Research, Michele C. Morris
Dissertations
A novel intervention to introduce undergraduate students to bioinformatics, provide authentic research opportunities, and support student retention in science majors and careers is presented in the Characterizing Our DNA Exceptions (CODE) project. The need to increase the number of qualified STEM graduates, particularly in the fields of bioinformatics and computational research, was the impetus for this project that leads students down the path of scientific discovery as they characterize genomic variants of uncertain significance (VUS). This study sought to examine if student participation in a CODE research project would increase their bioinformatics awareness, interest, comfort, and knowledge, as well as …
Bioimpedance-Based Real-Time Wearable Physiological Monitoring, Robert Joseph Mathews
Bioimpedance-Based Real-Time Wearable Physiological Monitoring, Robert Joseph Mathews
Dissertations
Cardiovascular and respiratory diseases account for nearly forty percent of worldwide deaths. A critical factor in preventing these deaths is early detection, treatment, and monitoring of the diseases. Remote patient monitoring coincides with significant advances in integrated circuit technology resulting in greater performance and lower power consumption. In this work, novel monitoring configurations and frequency excitations are assessed across ten subjects to evaluate their suitability for monitoring cardiac and respiratory activity. A custom bioimpedance controller board was fabricated and integrated into the existing UAH euHy board. In the pilot experiment, the average inter-beat interval (IBI) derived from bioimpedance compared with …
Investigating The Effect Of An Immersive Extracurricular Stem Program On Underrepresented And Disadvantaged High School Students' Self-Efficacy, Science Anxiety, And Career Aspirations, Nikki Mertz
Dissertations
This mixed methods study was designed to assess how an immersive extracurricular STEM program affected a student’s self-efficacy, science anxiety, and career aspirations. This study utilized the SIC-STEM survey to quantify student self-efficacy in science and the STEM Semantics survey to quantify student interest in STEM. Both surveys also assessed student interest in pursuing careers in STEM. The Science Anxiety survey was used to evaluate how student anxiety in science changed throughout the study. A subject matter survey was utilized to quantify student understanding and comprehension of an advanced science topic. Focus groups were used as the qualitative piece to …
Comprehensive Functional And Transcriptional Analysis Of Human Pancreatic Islets From Controls And Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes (T1d), Shristi Shrestha
Comprehensive Functional And Transcriptional Analysis Of Human Pancreatic Islets From Controls And Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes (T1d), Shristi Shrestha
Dissertations
Type 1 Diabetes is chronic disease where immune moderated destruction of insulin producing β cells disrupts normal glucose homeostasis in the body. Recent findings show that few β cells remain in the pancreatic islets decades after disease onset challenging the previous understanding that β cells are completely destroyed. Overcoming the limited availability of T1D tissues, we studied functional and molecular features of pancreatic islets from individuals with T1D and investigated the nature of the remaining β cells. We found that remnant β cells have normal insulin secretory function and normally express key transcription factor that regulates β cell function. On …
A Model Based Framework For Mobility Assessment Of Older Adults Using Wearable Systems, Priyanka Madhushri
A Model Based Framework For Mobility Assessment Of Older Adults Using Wearable Systems, Priyanka Madhushri
Dissertations
Assessment of mobility in older adults is important for early detection and prevention of falls. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the 30 Second Chair Stand (30SCS) tests are recom-mended and routinely used for assessing overall mobility, but they provide a single parameter to quantify mobility. These tests are still subjective and prone to errors. Therefore, we need cost effective new diagnostic procedures that provide more detailed assessment parameters related to fall risks. Modern smartphones enable the development of new mobile health (mHealth) appli-cations by integrating inertial and environmental sensors along with the increasing data pro-cessing and communication capabilities. …
Determining Relationships Between Organizational Unit Functioning (Teams And Working Groups) And Unit Performance In Government Scientific And Engineering Organizations, David A. Clark Pe
Determining Relationships Between Organizational Unit Functioning (Teams And Working Groups) And Unit Performance In Government Scientific And Engineering Organizations, David A. Clark Pe
Dissertations
For more than sixty years, following the extraordinary scientific and engineering accomplishments achieved during World War II, organizational unit research has been at the forefront of organizational research. What was once referred to as teams of scientists or engineers that delivered the atomic bomb, nuclear power, jet engines, space exploration, micro-computers, cellular communications and the internet has led to the modern incarnation of what are referred to as teams or working groups. The objective of this research was to investigate relationships between organizational functioning (teams and working groups) and organizational unit performance. To investigate these potential relationships, organizational functioning and …
The Effect Of Personality Traits On Goal Orientation And Its Implication On Training And Development Of Scientists And Engineers, John D. Braswell
The Effect Of Personality Traits On Goal Orientation And Its Implication On Training And Development Of Scientists And Engineers, John D. Braswell
Dissertations
A key aspect of the engineering manager’s job is employee development. Research has shown that an individual’s goal orientation plays an important role in the development of occupational expertise development. This research examines the effects of personality traits on goal orientation and the implication on workforce training for engineers and scientists. A survey instrument was compiled based on a set of personality traits that have been hypothesized to relate to goal orientation. The survey was distributed in a federally-funded research and development laboratory in the aviation and aerospace industry. A total of 294 completed responses were received. Structural equation modeling …
Temporal Mammogram Segmentation For Improving Early Breast Cancer Detection, Huda Al-Ghaib
Temporal Mammogram Segmentation For Improving Early Breast Cancer Detection, Huda Al-Ghaib
Dissertations
Screening mammography often incorporates a computer aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme in its procedure to increase the accuracy of detecting gradual changes in breast tissues. One method for detecting gradual changes in temporal mammograms is through registration algorithms. Most registration algorithms require segmented mammograms as their inputs. The performance of registration algorithms and, hence, the performance of the CADs, are directly proportional to the quality of the segmented mammograms. Segmented mammograms include breast landmarks such as the nipple, the breast boundary, and the pectoral muscle. In this research, we designed, implemented, and evaluated a new segmentation algorithm for pectoral muscle detection. …
The Relationship Between Role Conflict And Employee Retention In A Government Engineering Organization, Michelle C. La Duca
The Relationship Between Role Conflict And Employee Retention In A Government Engineering Organization, Michelle C. La Duca
Dissertations
Retention of employees is a significant concern for employers. Vacancy rates and turnover in the workforce is disruptive and costly. As a result employers spend a great deal of money and time on policies and programs to improve retention. Previous research in this area has focused on linking motivation to retention. While there has been much success in this area of research, assessing motivation is difficult and actually motivating employees into staying has been elusive for managers. This study will assess the relationship of role value and role conflict as factors in employee retention. The hypothesis being tested is that …
Status Quo Bias And Ambiguity Aversion In Engineers, Christopher L. Brown
Status Quo Bias And Ambiguity Aversion In Engineers, Christopher L. Brown
Dissertations
Systems engineers routinely engage in exercises, such as a trade studies or Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis processes, to select the best among multiple options. Managers ideally assume that these processes are conducted in a manner that is strictly rational and repeatable. A cognitive bias leading to selection of a sub-optimal choice could then have significant consequences. Research has demonstrated a number of biases in the general population, but these have not been specifically studied in systems engineers. Two such biases are ambiguity aversion and status quo bias. A survey instrument was developed to test for ambiguity aversion and status quo …
Analysis Of Dna Methylation And Copy Number Variation In Renal Cell Carcinoma, Brittany N. Lasseigne
Analysis Of Dna Methylation And Copy Number Variation In Renal Cell Carcinoma, Brittany N. Lasseigne
Dissertations
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the 10th most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States and its incidence is increasing. It is difficult to detect early and is relatively non-responsive to traditional radiation and chemotherapies. Previous work demonstrates the value of measuring copy number variation (CNV) and DNA methylation changes in RCC, but diagnostic biomarkers and additional treatment options in the clinic are still needed. This study examined genome-wide DNA methylation and CNV in RCC tumor and benign adjacent kidney tissues from 101 clinically-annotated patients. Analyses revealed widespread DNA methylation and copy number differences between tumor and benign tissues, particularly …
Intragroup Conflict : Its Dimensions And Effects On Group Effectiveness In Science And Engineering Natural Work Groups, Lisa S. Blanchard
Intragroup Conflict : Its Dimensions And Effects On Group Effectiveness In Science And Engineering Natural Work Groups, Lisa S. Blanchard
Dissertations
Team-based structures are widely used in organizations on the premise that these groups bring valuable assets beyond that of the individual contributor. Globalization, competitive pressures and the complex nature of modern technological problems requires the input of multiple individuals from varying backgrounds. This is particularly true in science and engineering fields. However, true teams that can achieve the organizational advantages that are asserted by team advocates take time and resources to build; they do not occur by accident. The investment in building a team is worthwhile only when the team is able to achieve objectives and deliver value to the …
A Relational Study Of The Knowledge Sharing Behavior And Organizational Commitment Of Engineers, Deborah Anne Howell
A Relational Study Of The Knowledge Sharing Behavior And Organizational Commitment Of Engineers, Deborah Anne Howell
Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Using A Visual Programming Language To Bridge The Cognitive Gap Between A Novice's Mental Model And Program Code, Bryan J. Smith
Using A Visual Programming Language To Bridge The Cognitive Gap Between A Novice's Mental Model And Program Code, Bryan J. Smith
Dissertations
No abstract provided.
A Longitudinal Study Of Multidisciplinary Engineering Design Teams Using Gersick's Punctuated Equilibrium Model Of Group Development, Thomas A. Nance
A Longitudinal Study Of Multidisciplinary Engineering Design Teams Using Gersick's Punctuated Equilibrium Model Of Group Development, Thomas A. Nance
Dissertations
No abstract provided.