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Video Chatting And Eating Disorder Psychopathology, Taylor Rae Perry
Video Chatting And Eating Disorder Psychopathology, Taylor Rae Perry
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Objective: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic video chatting has been widely used in work, education, and social gatherings. When individuals are video chatting, they can see themselves and see how their looks compare to others. Furthermore, video chatting platforms have features that may enhance an individual’s appearance. Thus, this study sought to investigate if (1) where one’s attention was focused during video chatting was uniquely associated with elevated eating disorder psychopathology and (2) if certain video chatting features were uniquely associated with elevated eating disorder psychopathology. Method: Participants were undergraduates (N=391, Mage=19.19, 58.2% female, and 48.8% White) who completed the …
U.S. Health Professionals' Perspectives On Orthorexia Nervosa : Clinical Utility, Measurement And Diagnosis, And Perceived Influence Of Sociocultural Factors, Christina Sanzari
U.S. Health Professionals' Perspectives On Orthorexia Nervosa : Clinical Utility, Measurement And Diagnosis, And Perceived Influence Of Sociocultural Factors, Christina Sanzari
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate United States (U.S.) health professionals’ perspectives on if and how Orthorexia nervosa (ON) should be classified, replicating and expanding upon a previous study in a U.S. sample. Method: Participants (n=100) were U.S. health professionals with experience working clinically with eating disorders, including trainees, Ph.D. psychologists, social workers and master’s level clinicians, and medical health professionals. After reviewing the proposed ON criteria, participants responded to questions regarding the clinical utility of ON, diagnosis and measurement of the proposed condition, and sociocultural influence on the emergence of ON. Views of ON as a useful diagnostic …
Evaluating The Relationship Between Orthorexia Nervosa, Eating Disorder Symptomatology, And Related Psychological Constructs In An Undergraduate Mixed-Gender Sample, Kimberly Marie Martinez
Evaluating The Relationship Between Orthorexia Nervosa, Eating Disorder Symptomatology, And Related Psychological Constructs In An Undergraduate Mixed-Gender Sample, Kimberly Marie Martinez
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The pursuit of a healthy lifestyle has become a central focus of Western societies over the past few decades. As rates of chronic conditions, such as obesity and type II diabetes, continue to rise, so too has the desire to maintain one’s optimal state of health. For some, the pursuit of a healthy diet becomes an obsession that interferes with one’s physical and psychological wellbeing. Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is a proposed eating disorder characterized by a pathological fixation on healthy eating. Unlike other established eating disorders (EDs), ON is focused on the quality of one’s diet, rather than the quantity …
Examining Cognitive And Behavioral Inflexibility : A Transdiagnostic Process Underpinning Maladaptive Exercise Behaviors And Attitudes, Mckenzie Miller
Examining Cognitive And Behavioral Inflexibility : A Transdiagnostic Process Underpinning Maladaptive Exercise Behaviors And Attitudes, Mckenzie Miller
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Objective: Cognitive and behavioral inflexibility, or the inability to respond flexibly and adaptively to changing environmental demands, are hallmark features of eating disorders (ED). Individuals with EDs exhibit inflexibility across domains, often including in exercise behaviors, manifesting as exercise dependence and rigid workout routines. The purpose of this study was to assess how different motives for exercise are differentially associated with cognitive and behavioral flexibility, a marker of EDs. To the extent that inflexibility in exercise is a risk factor and symptom of disordered eating, increasing cognitive and behavioral flexibility as it relates to physical activity may be an effective …
Developing A Clinician Self-Report Fidelity Measure For A Transdiagnostic, Evidence-Based Protocol At A Residential Eating Disorders Treatment Center, Jennifer M. Oswald
Developing A Clinician Self-Report Fidelity Measure For A Transdiagnostic, Evidence-Based Protocol At A Residential Eating Disorders Treatment Center, Jennifer M. Oswald
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Objective: Fidelity monitoring is a vital component of successful evidence-based practice implementation in routine treatment settings. However, resource-intensiveness and low clinician buy-in pose barriers to traditional observer-report monitoring, highlighting a need to explore the practical utility of self-report approaches. This study used a mixed-methods approach to (a) develop a self-report fidelity measure of a transdiagnostic evidence-based protocol in a residential eating disorders treatment center; (b) tailor the measure for optimal accuracy, acceptability, and ease of use; and (c) assess measure validity via convergence with observer ratings. Methods: N = 10 clinicians participated in cognitive interviewing to refine an initial draft …
Statistical Fit And Factor Structure Of The Food-Life Questionnaire In Emerging Adult Undergraduate Students, Arielle Wolinsky
Statistical Fit And Factor Structure Of The Food-Life Questionnaire In Emerging Adult Undergraduate Students, Arielle Wolinsky
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Food-Life Questionnaire (FLQ) is a psychometrically sound measure of beliefs and attitudes towards food that was initially developed and validated for use with a general adult population; however, the psychometric properties of the measure have yet to be examined in an emerging adult population. The constructs captured by the FLQ are particularly relevant in emerging adulthood, because it is a time of increased risk for the development of disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. Using data from a large, demographically diverse sample of emerging adult undergraduate students (n = 679), the current study evaluated the fit of the original five-factor …
Social Connectedness And Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Nicole Nunez
Social Connectedness And Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Nicole Nunez
Psychology
Eating disorders are a well-known and well-documented issue with known deleterious effects on one’s health. Because of this fact, it is important to identify protective factors against the development and/or maintenance of eating disorders. Social support has been identified as a factor that can play a role in recovery from eating disorders. While the importance of social support has been broadly examined in research, social connectedness specifically has been explored less explicitly. Social connectedness involves feelings of belonging, identification with others, and healthy social interaction. This study sought to assess the role of social connectedness in eating disorder symptomatology. We …
Perseverative Thinking In Eating Pathology : Do Rumination Patterns Differ According To Symptom Type?, Lauren Eileen Ehrlich
Perseverative Thinking In Eating Pathology : Do Rumination Patterns Differ According To Symptom Type?, Lauren Eileen Ehrlich
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Rumination, defined as repetitive, negative, self-referential thinking, is strongly associated with the development and maintenance of many internalizing disorders. Although rumination was first examined within the depression literature, it is now considered a transdiagnostic risk factor that underlies many psychological disorders. Despite the negative consequences of engaging in these thought processes, rumination is a common cognitive process, perhaps due to positive metacognitive beliefs about the function of rumination. Recent work has demonstrated a link between eating pathology and a tendency to ruminate on eating disorder relevant themes, as well as beliefs about the usefulness of rumination. Our understanding of this …
Examining Types Of Motivation For Exercise In Relation To Pathological Exercise In Eating Disorders, Christina Scharmer
Examining Types Of Motivation For Exercise In Relation To Pathological Exercise In Eating Disorders, Christina Scharmer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Exercise can serve adaptive and maladaptive functions among individuals with elevated eating disorder (ED) pathology; however, little is known about how best to distinguish healthy and problematic exercise within this population. The present study aimed to inform this distinction by examining associations between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for exercise, problematic exercise, and ED pathology in a sample of undergraduate students (N=347, 70% female) with threshold or sub-threshold EDs. All participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), the Exercise Motivation Inventory-2 (EMI-2), the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET), and the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS). Preliminary exploratory factor analysis of the EMI-2 …
Does What You Think You Feel, Impact What You Actually Eat? : An Examination Of Alexithymia, Interoceptive Awareness, And Loss Of Control Eating In Young Women, Lisa Marie Anderson
Does What You Think You Feel, Impact What You Actually Eat? : An Examination Of Alexithymia, Interoceptive Awareness, And Loss Of Control Eating In Young Women, Lisa Marie Anderson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Affect regulation theories posit that loss of control (LOC) and binge eating are maintained via an emotion regulation process, through which eating relieves negative affect and aversive mood states. LOC has been identified as a key binge eating characteristic associated with psychopathology and poor psychological outcomes. As such, maladaptive emotion regulation has been identified as a central risk factor for binge eating, as theories posit that individuals binge eat in response to negative mood states. However, empirical studies testing the link between induced negative mood and subsequent food intake in people with LOC and binge eating have yielded inconsistent findings. …
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire In Vegans And Omnivores, Sydney Heiss
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire In Vegans And Omnivores, Sydney Heiss
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) has been shown to be a valid and reliable measure of eating-related pathology; however, the original four-factor structure has proven difficult to replicate in diverse samples of respondents. Based on the differences in dietary patterns in vegans that are often interpreted as indicative as greater eating disorder symptoms, proper measurement of eating disorder measures is especially important. The purpose of this study was to compare goodness-of-fit of five alternative models of the EDE-Q in a sample of vegans recruited from the community (i.e., individuals refraining from all animal products, n = 395) and undergraduate …
Eating Pathology In Sexual Minority Men : Evaluating An Objectification Theory Framework And The Role Of Identity Acceptance Concerns, Joseph Michael Donahue
Eating Pathology In Sexual Minority Men : Evaluating An Objectification Theory Framework And The Role Of Identity Acceptance Concerns, Joseph Michael Donahue
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Research supports objectification theory as providing a framework for understanding how eating disturbances can develop in females. However, research among men—specifically sexual minority men who are disproportionally affected by such issues—is deficient. The current study sought to further assess whether the relations hypothesized by objectification theory were significant among sexual minority males. In addition, the current study explored the role of sexual orientation acceptance concerns as a moderating variable. To evaluate the current study’s aims, sexual minority males (N=208) were recruited online and asked to complete self-report measurements related to the objectification theory, eating pathology, and sexual orientation identity. Results …
Sexism Makes Me Sick : An Examination Of Potential Mediators In The Link Between Sexism And Women's Mental Health, Kristin L. Mclaughlin
Sexism Makes Me Sick : An Examination Of Potential Mediators In The Link Between Sexism And Women's Mental Health, Kristin L. Mclaughlin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
It has been well established in the literature that discrimination is related to negative mental health outcomes. Consistent with this research, studies have found women’s exposure to sexist discrimination is associated with a host of mental health problems. Moreover, research on women’s exposure to a specific form of sexism called sexual objectification suggests links with specific psychological outcomes related to poor body image and eating problems. Based on a theoretical framework informed by system justification theory, this study attempted to unify and extend research on perceived sexism and objectification theory by investigating benevolent sexism and self-objectification as potential mediators of …
Repetitive Negative Thinking And The Maintenance Of Social Appearance Anxiety : An Experimental Manipulation Using Psychophysiological And Subjective Measurement, Erin Elizabeth Reilly
Repetitive Negative Thinking And The Maintenance Of Social Appearance Anxiety : An Experimental Manipulation Using Psychophysiological And Subjective Measurement, Erin Elizabeth Reilly
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Social appearance anxiety (SAA), which refers to fear of having one’s appearance negatively evaluated by others, has been posited to be a risk factor for the development of both eating pathology and social anxiety, but the processes through which this factor is maintained over time remain unclear. The current study aims to evaluate repetitive negative thinking (RNT) as a process through which SAA is maintained over time. Undergraduate females (N = 126) attended an appointment during which they were asked to complete self-report measurements, make an impromptu speech task related to appearance to induce SAA, were randomized to either engage …
A Qualitative Analysis Of Clinician Attitudes And Experiences Learning And Implementing Transdiagnostic Evidence-Based Practices For Eating Disorders, Jennifer Marie Oswald
A Qualitative Analysis Of Clinician Attitudes And Experiences Learning And Implementing Transdiagnostic Evidence-Based Practices For Eating Disorders, Jennifer Marie Oswald
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Clinician experiences with the implementation of new practices are important factors in facilitating the use of new treatment models and evidence-based practices (EBPs). As such, they provide crucial information to behavioral health dissemination and implementation research. Qualitative interviewing allows researchers to learn from clinician experiences with greater depth and nuance. The present study qualitatively analyzed 8 clinicians’ experiences with the implementation of a new transdiagnostic treatment model for eating disorders (ED) at an intensive residential treatment center. Participating clinicians completed a semi-structured interview based on constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), an organizing framework with demonstrated utility …
Development And Validation Of The Obsessive Compulsive Eating Scale, Martha Niemiec
Development And Validation Of The Obsessive Compulsive Eating Scale, Martha Niemiec
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Objective: Food cravings are common and have been implicated in eating-related pathology, including binge eating, bulimia nervosa, and overweight/obesity, but difficulties in defining and quantifying the phenomenon of craving are well documented. There has been an increase in focus on the study of cognitive mechanisms underlying craving, in particular the role of intrusive thoughts; however, existing craving measures fail to fully capture these aspects of the craving experience. The present study was designed to develop a psychometrically sound measure of the obsessive-compulsive aspects of food cravings.
Drunkorexia : Gender Differences In Compensatory Behavior In Response To Alcohol Use, Sasha Gorrell
Drunkorexia : Gender Differences In Compensatory Behavior In Response To Alcohol Use, Sasha Gorrell
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Compensatory eating behaviors (e.g., vomiting; caloric restriction) related to alcohol consumption may lead to both hazardous drinking as well as disordered eating (e.g., Barry & Piazza-Gardner, 2012; Eisenberg & Fitz 2014). Motivation for compensatory behaviors may differ; some of these behaviors may be more related to eating pathology (e.g., weight and shape concerns), or more related to alcohol (e.g., enhancing alcohol effects). What remains less well understood is whether motivation based on alcohol enhancement is associated specifically with reported eating disorder symptoms, and whether this relation may differ according to sex. An undergraduate sample (N = 530, 48% female) completed …
The Peer Environment, Body Dissatisfaction, And Disordered Eating, Erin Elizabeth Reilly
The Peer Environment, Body Dissatisfaction, And Disordered Eating, Erin Elizabeth Reilly
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Body dissatisfaction has long been implicated as an important etiological factor in the development and maintenance of disordered eating; however, despite the high rates of body dissatisfaction observed within the general population, only a small fraction of individuals develop clinical levels of eating pathology. The current study endeavors to test whether variables related to the peer context may be helpful in better predicting when body dissatisfaction may lead to eating disordered behavior. Undergraduates (N = 500, 63.6% female) completed various questionnaires related to body dissatisfaction, disordered eating, and the peer environment. Results indicated that various types of peer commentary were …
Examining The Relations Between Disgust, Fear, And Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Lisa Marie Anderson
Examining The Relations Between Disgust, Fear, And Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Lisa Marie Anderson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Exposure interventions for eating disorders typically identify fear as a key treatment target (i.e., fear of fat) and integrate a hierarchical list of the patient's fears into treatment. Recently, research has suggested that the disgust emotion may be equally important for exposure efficacy, as it appears to be more resistant to extinction than fear. Currently, the independent contributions of fear and disgust to eating pathology are unknown, which may limit our ability to develop and implement the most effective exposure interventions. Thus, the current study employed hierarchical multiple regression analyses to evaluate each emotion's relative contribution to eating disorder symptoms …
The Moderating Effect Of Skin Conductance Level On The Relationship Between Family Conflict And Disordered Eating Behaviors, Laura B. Kenneally
The Moderating Effect Of Skin Conductance Level On The Relationship Between Family Conflict And Disordered Eating Behaviors, Laura B. Kenneally
Psychology
The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) on the relation between family conflict and disordered eating behaviors. Participants were 67 undergraduate students at the University at Albany, SUNY, ages 17 to 40. Researchers used a retrospective measure of harsh parenting and interparental aggression experienced during childhood and adolescence to determine how sympathetic activation interacts with family conflict in predicting disordered eating behaviors in a sample of university students. SNS activation was measured by baseline skin conductance level (SCL). Results indicated that SCL moderated the relationship between harsh parenting experienced during …
Participation In Immersion Weight Loss Treatment May Benefit, Not Harm, Young Adult Staff Members, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg
Participation In Immersion Weight Loss Treatment May Benefit, Not Harm, Young Adult Staff Members, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
American teens and young adults are at risk for developing pathological eating patterns, which can lead to eating disorders and obesity. Despite the success of weight management programs for obese individuals, some researchers caution that participation in an aggressive approach to weight management could promote the development of eating disorders. The current study evaluated the risks of following a weight management program for healthy young adults who served as staff members in immersion treatment of obesity over the course of a summer. Participants included Wellspring staff members (n = 108) along with a comparison group of young adults with similar …
Dietary Restraint And Weight Loss In College Students As Risk Factors For Eating Pathology, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg
Dietary Restraint And Weight Loss In College Students As Risk Factors For Eating Pathology, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Many suggest that dietary restraint represents a key component to the etiology and maintenance of eating pathology, and much research supports this position. Some recent evidence brings to question the relationship between dietary restraint and eating disorder risk. Furthermore, measures of dietary restraint do not appear to consistently predict caloric restriction, and these scales appear inadequate for differentiating between healthy and risky restraint in individuals. The current study seeks to examine the relationship between self-reported dietary restraint, recent weight loss, and eating pathology in a college sample to determine if cognitive restraint measured by restraint scales coupled with caloric restriction …
Disordered Eating And Negative Evaluation Anxiety As Canditates For The Extreme Female Brain Type, Jennifer Ann Bremser
Disordered Eating And Negative Evaluation Anxiety As Canditates For The Extreme Female Brain Type, Jennifer Ann Bremser
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Baron-Cohen proposed an inclusive theory of individual differences in cognitive style by creating a taxonomy of brain types that is based on the distinction between empathizing and systemizing. More males, than females, use a `systemizing' cognitive style whereas more females than males use an empathetic cognitive style. Further, he posited that a small percentage of individuals will manifest the pathological "extremes" of sexually differentiated brain-types. In support this theory, people with autism have superior systemizing skills with deficits in empathizing. While Baron-Cohen (2003) also proposed the existence of an `extreme female brain', he did not specify the form it would …
Development And Validation Of An Assessment For Longitudinal Symptom Fluctuation In The Eating Disorders And The Relationship Between Motivation To Change And Naturalistic Fluctuations In Body Weight And Eating Disorder Symptom Frequencies, Kyle Patrick De Young
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The frequencies of behavioral symptoms of eating disorders (e.g., binge eating and purging) are highly variable across and within individuals. The presence and severity of these symptoms define both diagnostic boundaries and outcome states, but validated tools to retrospectively assess symptom frequencies that capture variability at the week-level do not exist. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of an assessment designed for this purpose in a mixed eating disorder sample of 113 individuals recruited from the community who provided symptom frequency data once weekly for 12 weeks and completed the Interactive, Graphical Assessment Tool for Eating Disorders (IGAT-ED) on …
Competitiveness And Addictive Behaviors : Exploring The Role Of Competitiveness And Gender In Exercise Dependence, Disordered Eating, And Alcohol Use, Holly Felicia Serrao
Competitiveness And Addictive Behaviors : Exploring The Role Of Competitiveness And Gender In Exercise Dependence, Disordered Eating, And Alcohol Use, Holly Felicia Serrao
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The current study explored whether or not trait competitiveness existed as an underlying factor contributing to the higher rates of exercise dependence, disordered eating, and alcohol use among athletes. Additionally, the study examined whether certain gender differences occurred, such that the relationship between competitiveness and disordered eating would be stronger for female athletes, the relationship between competitiveness and alcohol use would be stronger for male athletes, and the relationship between competitiveness and exercise dependence would be gender neutral.
Disordered Eating Among Collegiate Female Athletes : The Role Of Athletic Seasonal Status And Self-Objectification, Christy Duffy-Paiement
Disordered Eating Among Collegiate Female Athletes : The Role Of Athletic Seasonal Status And Self-Objectification, Christy Duffy-Paiement
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Over the past several decades there has been a significant increase in attention to the eating related beliefs and behaviors of female college athletes, particularly in determining whether certain subgroups of athletes are at greater risk than others. At seemingly greatest risk for eating disorders are athletes involved in sports where leanness is emphasized or a thin physique is required for performance or aesthetics. However, it remains unclear if differences exist between aesthetic lean and non<–>aesthetic lean sport athletes. It is possible that seasonal status is associated with the transience of eating disorder symptoms and the motivation to engage …