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St. Cloud State University

Economics Faculty Working Papers

2006

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Incentivizing Experiments: Monetary Rewards Versus Extra Credits, Mana Komai, Philip Grossman Jan 2006

Incentivizing Experiments: Monetary Rewards Versus Extra Credits, Mana Komai, Philip Grossman

Economics Faculty Working Papers

We use laboratory experiments with different salient rewards (monetary rewards versus extra credits) to study collective decision making behavior under different informational structures. The results show that even though subjects’ behavior follows a similar pattern in both cases, subjects tend to act more efficiently when they are compensated with extra credits rather than money.


Arab-U.S. Migration: The Effects Of Exchange Rates, Politics And Oil, Örn B. Bodvarsson, Abbas Mehdi Jan 2006

Arab-U.S. Migration: The Effects Of Exchange Rates, Politics And Oil, Örn B. Bodvarsson, Abbas Mehdi

Economics Faculty Working Papers

We hypothesize that exchange rates, commodity prices and geopolitical instability can affect international migration. If migrants send their earnings home, then appreciation of the destination country’s currency will make remittances more valuable in the home country, raising the likelihood of migration. Higher commodity prices in the home country can, on the one hand, discourage migration because of improved labor market opportunities at home, but can, on the other, encourage migration because greater prosperity makes relocation more affordable. Some parts of the World, for example the Middle East, have experienced considerable geopolitical instability, which may have induced greater levels of supply-push …


A Test Of Congressional Voting On Immigration Restrictions, Örn B. Bodvarsson, King Banaian, Anton D. Lowenberg Jan 2006

A Test Of Congressional Voting On Immigration Restrictions, Örn B. Bodvarsson, King Banaian, Anton D. Lowenberg

Economics Faculty Working Papers

Immigration policy is supplied endogenously through a political process that weighs the impacts of immigration on factor owners, together with other interests, in determining policy outcomes. The relative significance of constituent interests and legislator ideology in shaping policy is tested by identifying the correlates of congressional voting on immigration legislation. Conservative lawmakers are found to generally support stricter immigration controls. Legislators representing border states and urban areas favor looser restrictions, possibly reflecting the political influence of recent immigrants. There is evidence that immigration reform is a normal good and that substitutability between native and immigrant labor promotes tighter immigration restrictions.


Immigration Of Highly Skilled Professionals: Discrimination In Professional Baseball?, Örn B. Bodvarsson, Scott M. Fuess, Jr. Jan 2006

Immigration Of Highly Skilled Professionals: Discrimination In Professional Baseball?, Örn B. Bodvarsson, Scott M. Fuess, Jr.

Economics Faculty Working Papers

Are highly skilled foreign professionals paid differently than their native-born counterparts? To address this question, this study focuses on a particular profession with substantial inflows of immigrants, in which human capital is readily transferrable: Major League Baseball (MLB). Racial discrimination in professional sports has received considerable attention, but it remains to be seen whether there has been differential treatment of foreign athletes. Focusing on a 1997-1998 sample of 557 MLB players, we find that foreign players are indeed treated differently than native-born players, favorably in some respects and unfavorably in others. Moreover, when controlling for birthplace, the extent of racial …