Digital Commons Network^™

Jstor Perspectives Essay, David H. Carlson

Articles

An essay that reflects on the value of JSTOR as a highly regarded resource by faculty and scholars in academe.

Bringing Rare Books To Light: The State Of The Profession, Melissa A. Hubbard, Ann K.D. Myers

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This article considers changing approaches to rare book cataloging in response to the recent focus on “hidden collections” in special collections departments of academic libraries. The authors analyze the results of a survey of rare book cataloging professionals regarding reactions to the hidden collections discourse, with a particular emphasis on changing policies and practices. A case study of backlog reduction efforts in the rare book unit of Morris Library, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, is also presented.

What Is A Professional Cataloger? Perception Differences Between Professionals And Paraprofessionals, Elizabeth J. Cox, Ann K.D. Myers

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This paper examines the roles of professional and paraprofessional catalogers as they are perceived within the cataloging community. A survey was sent to all catalogers in member libraries of the Association of Research Libraries. In presenting these results, the authors consider whether a difference still exists between professional and paraprofessional catalogers beyond the master of library and information science degree and, if so, the nature of any such difference. In the process, the authors also examine issues such as whether catalogers feel that their work is valued and how cataloging work is evaluated.

Hunting In The Shadows For Savings: Reevaluating Standing Orders, Roger L. Cross

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Standing orders are remnants of an early period of library acquisition, and while they can provide a useful service in limited cases most have outlived that usefulness and should be cancelled. In a period of restricted funding and increased digital reliance the need for standing orders has diminished; indeed often the standing orders received are no longer relevant to an institution's mission. However, identifying standing orders is complicated by the nature of their classification as a serial rather than a book or monograph. This paper aims to describe the various types of standing orders and how to identify them.

Least-Cost Control Of Agricultural Nutrient Contributions To The Gulf Of Mexico Hypoxic Zone, Sergey Rabotyagov, Todd Campbell, Manoj Jha, Philip W Gassman, Jeffrey Arnold, Lyubov Kurkalova, Silvia Secchi, Hongli Feng, Catherine L Kling

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In 2008, the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico, measuring 20 720 km2, was one of the two largest reported since measurement of the zone began in 1985. The extent of the hypoxic zone is related to nitrogen and phosphorous loadings originating on agricultural fields in the upper Midwest. This study combines the tools of evolutionary computation with a water quality model and cost data to develop a trade-off frontier for the Upper Mississippi River Basin specifying the least cost of achieving nutrient reductions and the location of the agricultural conservation practices needed. The frontier allows policymakers and stakeholders …

You Deserve Access To Research, David H. Carlson

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An Op Ed piece in the Carbondale (IL) daily newspaper. An overview of FRPAA, the Federal Research Public Access Act, is given. Arguments are made for the legislation and support by the public.

Modification Of Water Application Uniformity Among Closed Circuit Trickle Irrigation Systems, Hani A.-G. Mansour, Mohamed Yousif Tayel, Mohamed A. Abd El-Hady, David A. Lightfoot, Abdel-Ghany Mohamed El-Gindy

Articles

The aim of this research was determine the ma- ximum application uniformity of closed circuit trickle irrigation systems designs. Laboratory tests carried out for Two types of closed circuits: a) One manifold for lateral lines or Closed cir-cuits with One Manifold of Trikle Irrigation Sys-tem (COMTIS); b) Closed circuits with Two Manifolds of Trikle Irrigation System (CTMTIS), and c) Traditional Trikle Irrigation System (TTIS) as a control. Three lengths of lateral lines were used, 40, 60, and 80 meters. PE tubes lateral lines: 16 mm diameter; 30 cm emitters distance, and GR built-in emitters 4 lph when operating pressure 1 …

Effect Of Lithotripter Focal Width On Stone Comminution In Shock Wave Lithotripsy, Jun Qin, W. Neal Simmons, Georgy Sankin, Pei Zhong

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Using a reflector insert, the original HM-3 lithotripter field at 20 kV was altered significantly with the peak positive pressure (p₊) in the focal plane increased from 49 to 87 MPa while the -6 dB focal width decreased concomitantly from 11 to 4 mm. Using the original reflector, p₊ of 33 MPa with a -6 dB focal width of 18 mm were measured in a pre-focal plane 15-mm proximal to the lithotripter focus. However, the acoustic pulse energy delivered to a 28-mm diameter area around the lithotripter axis was comparable (~120 mJ). For all three exposure conditions, …

Not So Fast! Economic Principles And Across-The-Board Cuts, Roger L. Cross

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The purpose of this paper is to address the irrationality of making budget decisions without awareness of the economic foundation of these decisions. It aims to propose that, in lieu of a universal economic principle, librarians should at least adopt the maxim, “first, do no harm.”

The paper argues the need to review budgetary distribution models in terms of economic principles and the argument incorporates the author's recent implementation of material cuts at his institution. The paper argues that sound economic principles are being ignored in budget decision making. The paper finds that application of across-the-board materials cuts is inequitable …

Student Workers: The Untapped Resource For Library Professions, Charlene Maxey-Harris, Jeanne G. Cross, Thomas Mcfarland

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For years libraries have hired hundreds of student workers to maintain crucial functions in the library. Without student workers, libraries cannot provide essential services to the university community. Yet limited research exists on how libraries have developed professional career tracks for student workers and library staff. Investigators from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Southern Illinois University Carbondale developed a survey to determine what portion of library employees started as student workers and to what extent there is career mobility within academic libraries. Librarians and staff were surveyed and participated in focus groups to share stories about their start in libraries. …

Graphic Novel Collections In Academic Arl Libraries, Cassie Wagner

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This study examines the extent to which ARL academic libraries collect graphic novels. Using a core list of 176 titles developed from winners of major comics industry awards and a library-focused “best of” list, the holdings of 111 ARL academic libraries were searched using the libraries’ online catalogs. Results suggest that most of the libraries studied do not aggressively collect graphic novels. Also examined were associations between date of publication, prior serialization, overall collection size, monograph budget, and ARL ranking and graphic novel holdings. To better serve scholarly research in this area of increasing interest, libraries will need to reexamine …

Foreign Lis Degrees In Contemporary Us Academic Libraries, Melissa A. Hubbard, Amber T. Burtis, Megan C. Lotts

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Purpose – The purpose of this case study is to summarize a task force's efforts to change the educational degree requirements for open librarian positions at a large university in the Midwestern USA.

Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the literature on degree requirements in academic libraries and the nature of LIS degrees from countries outside the USA. It analyzes 136 position advertisements for academic librarians by required terminal degree and the type and Association of Research Libraries (ARL) status of the institution.

Findings – The paper concludes that, while most position advertisements do not specifically address foreign Library and Information …

Unions And Labor Archives, Pamela S. Hackbart-Dean

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"Unions and Labor Archives" identifies the overlapping roles and the development of good and trusting relationships with unions that is vital to building strong labor collections. While the needs of both the unions and the repository are many, one of the most significant is demonstrating that the proper care of union records will provide a "historical memory" of union actions that can not only preserve the evidence of past decisions, but inform present and future efforts as well. This article provides practical suggestions, as well as how several important repositories and unions have worked together to document working class culture …

History On The Move: Relocating Special Collections And Archives, Pamela S. Hackbart-Dean, Leah Agne, Julie Mosbo

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The focus of this article is on the preparation and execution of a move. In it, we highlight the level of attention to detail entailed, which in turn necessitates an amazing amount of planning. And even then, contingencies arise. We share experiences that demonstrate the likelihood of obstacles along the way, problems to be resolved and the potential scope of post-move recovery projects. A successful move will ensure that the collections are undamaged by either the move or their new surroundings and that they are available to researchers as soon as possible. While the goal is straightforward, the reality can …

The Death Of State Sovereignty? An Empirical Exploration, Dawn L. Rothe, Christopher W. Mullins

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As academics have become increasingly interested in globalization, scholars in many fields have turned their attention to theorizations of the state and state power. Admittedly, most criminologists have paid relatively attention to theories of the state, its function, role, or issues of sovereignty (save for Barak, 1991; Chambliss and Zatz, 1993; Friedrichs, 1992; Michalowski and Kramer, 1987; Mullins and Rothe, 2008; Rothe and Mullins, 2006, 2007, 2008). With the growing criminological interest in and focus on transnational crimes (Friedrichs, 2007), crimes of globalization (Friedrichs and Friedrichs, 2002; Rothe, Mullins, and Muzzatti, 2006; Rothe, Mullins and Sandstrom, 2008), and crime of …

Beyond The Juristic Orientation Of International Criminal Justice: The Relevance Of Criminological Insight To International Criminal Law And Its Control, Dawn L. Rothe, Christopher W. Mullins

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This article draws attention to the relevance of criminological insight on issues of international criminal law and criminal justice. In particular, the ideology and theory of deterrence, legitimacy, and international criminal law are drawn from. After all, the deterrent effect has been touted as a solid empirical fact with the progression and development of 'international criminal justice', the international tribunals since the mid 1990s, and the International Criminal Court. Yet, the current rather blind belief in the deterrent impact of international criminal justice remains, regretfully, a bit premature. Additionally, beyond the concepts of deterrence and legitimacy, criminologists have much to …

Gendered Imprisonment In Japan: An Examination Of Imprisonment For Stimulant Drug Offenses, Christopher W. Mullins, Garrett Grothoff

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Japan is well known as a society that has not only low crime rates but also for using incarceration sparingly, sending few convicted offenders to prison. Yet, certain crimes, such as drug offenses, receive little leniency in the Japanese criminal justice system. Johnson (1996b) found empirical support for both a chivalry and evil woman effect in the system’s treatment of female drug offenders. This paper reexamines and extends the core issues in Johnson’s (1996b) exploration of women’s imprisonment in Japan. It traces the patterns in female incarceration where data is available from the post-war period until 2004. It specifically examines …

Corporate Social Responsibility And The Future Healthcare Manager, Sandra Collins

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The decisions and actions of healthcare managers are often times heavily scrutinized by the public. Given the current economic climate, managers may feel intense pressure to produce higher results with fewer resources. This could inadvertently test their moral fortitude and their social consciousness. A study was conducted to determine what Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Orientation and Viewpoint future healthcare managers may hold. The results of the study indicate that future healthcare managers may hold patient care in high regard as opposed to profit maximization. However, the results of the study also show that future managers within the industry may continue …

Iso-Lines And Inbred-Lines Confirmed Loci That Underlie Resistance From Cultivar ‘Hartwig’ To Three Soybean Cyst Nematode Populations, Samreen Kazi, Jeffry Shultz, Jawad Afzal, Rizwan Hashmi, Mohammed Jasim, Jason Bond, Prakash R. Arelli, David A. Lightfoot

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Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars varied in their resistance to different populations of the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, called HG Types. The rhg1 locus on linkage group G was necessary for resistance to all HG types. However, the loci for resistance to H. glycines HG Type 1.3- (race 14) and HG Type 1.2.5- (race 2) of the soybean cyst nematode have varied in their reported locations. The aims were to compare the inheritance of resistance to three nematode HG Types in a population segregating for resistance to SCN and to identify the underlying quantitative trait loci (QTL). …

Energy And Water Saving By Using Modified Closed Circuits Of Drip Irrigation System, Hani A.-G. Mansour, Mohamed Yousif Tayel, David A. Lightfoot, Abdel-Ghany Mohamed El-Gindy

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The aim of this research was determine the energy and water use efficiencies under the modification of closed circuit drip irrigation systems designs. Field experiments carried out on transgenic maize (GDH, LL3), (Zea Mays crop) under two types of closed circuits: a) One manifold for lateral lines or Closed circuits with One Manifold of Drip Irrigation System (CM1DIS); b) Closed circuits with Two Manifolds of Drip Irrigation System (CM2DIS), and c) Traditional Drip Irrigation System (TDIS) as a control. Three lengths of lateral lines were used, 40, 60, and 80 meters. PE tubes lateral lines: 16 mm diameter; 30 cm …

Learning Disabled Student Needs Met Through Curriculum Redesign Of The Illinois Agricultural Education Core Curriculum, Seburn L. Pense, Dennis G. Watson, Dexter B. Wakefield

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This quasi–experimental pilot study included agricultural education students with Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) in five high schools in the federally designated economically distressed area called the Illinois Delta Region. A unit of instruction taken from the existing 165 units of The Illinois Core Curriculum for Agriculture was redesigned in a manner appropriate to SLD students. Students from the five selected programs were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. Results from pre– and posttests in this study found the redesigned curriculum for SLD students effectively increased learning for both SLD and traditional students.