Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Input Manipulations, Working Memory, And Word Learning Abilities Of Children., Janice Elisabeth Horohov
Input Manipulations, Working Memory, And Word Learning Abilities Of Children., Janice Elisabeth Horohov
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
A storybook task was used to examine the word learning abilities of children with and without specific language impairment (SLI). Speech rate, sentence complexity and word type were manipulated within the narrative. A nonword repetition task also was used to examine the relation between working memory and word learning. Fifty-four children participated; a third were classified as SLI and the others served as either age-matched or language-matched controls. For comprehension, a significant main effect for word type was observed with verb scores higher than noun scores. Main effects for group, race, and rate also were observed and these were qualified …
An Examination Of Automatic Versus Strategic Semantic Priming Effects In Broca's Aphasia., Janice Feagin Del Toro
An Examination Of Automatic Versus Strategic Semantic Priming Effects In Broca's Aphasia., Janice Feagin Del Toro
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The ability to recognize words is frequently investigated using a lexical decision (LD) priming task in which subjects make rapid yes/no judgements as to whether visually presented letter strings (targets) are words or not. A well established finding is that words are recognized faster when preceded by related words. This "semantic priming effect" is believed to represent both automatic and conscious, strategic driven processes. One factor that influences the degree to which subjects recognize words automatically or consciously, is the time interval between the presentation of the prime and the presentation of the target. This is referred to as the …
Enhancing Discourse Fluency By Increasing Work Selection Proficiency In School-Age Children With Language Learning Disorders., Lillian Nielsen Stiegler
Enhancing Discourse Fluency By Increasing Work Selection Proficiency In School-Age Children With Language Learning Disorders., Lillian Nielsen Stiegler
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
There is growing clinical and research interest in the area of children's "word finding" difficulties, but treatment efficacy data are sparse. Previous treatments have been concerned with training students with language-learning disorders (LLD) to retrieve pre-selected, concrete nouns. Recommended intervention strategies have included retrieval exercises and activities focused on improving students' elaborative knowledge of training exemplars. The current study presents and evaluates a discourse-based, contextual intervention strategy for increasing word selection proficiency and discourse fluency. Three nine year old boys with diagnosed language-learning disorders participated in three discourse tasks: picture-elicited narratives, story-retelling, and conversation. During treatment, the experimenter identified problematic …
Comparison Of Word Recognition And Story Retelling Under The Conditions Of Contextualized Versus Decontextualized Reading Events In At-Risk Poor Readers., Linda Cain Badon
Comparison Of Word Recognition And Story Retelling Under The Conditions Of Contextualized Versus Decontextualized Reading Events In At-Risk Poor Readers., Linda Cain Badon
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study investigated the relative effects of two instructional approaches on reading recognition and comprehension of passages read by low-SES first grade children. It was hypothesized that use of a contextualized instructional approach (i.e., Communicative Reading Strategies) (CRS) which facilitated written language processing (i.e., vocabulary acquisition, grammatical understanding, narrative structure, and passage comprehension) within the context of oral reading would result in better internalization of a written story than would decontextualized activities (i.e., Directed Reading) (DR) targeting the same behaviors immediately preceding or following the reading of a story. The efficacy of the two treatments was measured by (1) fluency …
Interactional Experience With A Voice Output Communication Aid In Augmented Interactions., Sandra Koenig Damico
Interactional Experience With A Voice Output Communication Aid In Augmented Interactions., Sandra Koenig Damico
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The primary purpose of this investigation was to study the effects of a Speaking Partner's experience with a voice output communication aid on the interactional strategies used in Nonspeaking Partner (NSP)/Speaking Partner (SP) dyads. A single-subject experimental design was employed, incorporating four interactional dyads of college-level students majoring in Speech-Language Pathology and school-aged adolescents (2 disabled and 2 able-bodied). Each dyad engaged in an information transfer barrier task, consisting of 10-12 maps with a number of referential conflicts. Interactional transcripts were analyzed for quantitative and qualitative differences in turn taking, message formulation, and nine types of Insertion Sequences. Results indicated …
Acoustic Topology Of Infant Proto-Syllables., James Robert Piroli
Acoustic Topology Of Infant Proto-Syllables., James Robert Piroli
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
A corpus of CV-like proto-syllables was obtained from the archival recordings of three first-born infants, which were made in conjunction with earlier research on the acoustic and interactive aspects of infant language acquisition. Tokens were limited to proto-syllables with perceptual evidence of stop-like or glide-like qualities and an identifiable vowel. Following A/D sampling, measures of developmental change were made including F1/F2 steady states, transition durations, CV durations, maximum F2 velocities, F2 onset, fundamental frequency, shimmer, time-to-peak amplitude velocity, and time-to-peak F2 velocity within the transition. Contrary to expectations, the orderliness of the infant protosyllables was remarkable with few acoustic events …
An Ethnographic Investigation Of The Integration Of Disabled And Nondisabled Two-Year-Old Children., Mary Beth Armstrong
An Ethnographic Investigation Of The Integration Of Disabled And Nondisabled Two-Year-Old Children., Mary Beth Armstrong
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study is an ethnographic investigation of the initial integration of a group of disabled and nondisabled two-year-old children. The group was comprised of a class of seven disabled children from a school parish and a class of nine nondisabled children from a university child development center in this same parish. This study incorporated ethnographic data collection and analysis procedures. Data collection procedures included participant observation, ethnographic interviews, artifactual analysis, and videorecording. The results of this study suggest that a process of stigmatization occurred in this integration program. The process of stigmatization and factors perhaps accounting for the process are …
Phonological And Language Improvements In Preschool Children: A Comparison Of Phonological Process Targeting And Whole Language Training., Joann Monjure
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study compared phonological and language changes that occurred in preschool phonologically-impaired children following treatment via a discrete phonological process targeting approach or a whole language approach. It was hypothesized that a treatment program utilizing a communication-based, whole language approach would result in improvements in various language domains (e.g., phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics), while treatment targeting a specific aspect of language, that is, phonology, would result in improvements limited to that specific domain. Subjects were eight preschool children, 3-4 years of age, exhibiting multiple articulation errors, and randomly assigned to one of two intervention programs for a six-week …
Constancy Of (Acoustic) Relative Timing Measures In The Fluent Utterances Of Stutterers And Nonstutterers., Phoebe Cooper Weaver
Constancy Of (Acoustic) Relative Timing Measures In The Fluent Utterances Of Stutterers And Nonstutterers., Phoebe Cooper Weaver
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Stuttering and nonstuttering children's articulatory timing abilities as measured by duration differences were compared as rate, stress and phonetic complexity were varied and both internal and external timing sources were used. Use of external timing sources resulted in within normal limit performance by the stutterers as compared to their nonstuttering peers. Significant average intrasubject variability occurred on phonetic complexity tasks involving a variable linguistic sentence and its reiterative counterpart and on a syllable expansion through clustering task. Use of internal timing sources resulted in within normal limit performance by the stutterers on both rate tasks but on only one of …
Evaluation Of Foreign Accent Using Synthetic Speech (Perception)., Deborah Marie Rekart
Evaluation Of Foreign Accent Using Synthetic Speech (Perception)., Deborah Marie Rekart
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
A meaningful sentence loaded with appropriate phonemic and syllabic forms was synthesized as a "standard" stimulus, and 60 "accented" versions of the sentence were made to stimulate varying degrees of a moderate and a strong Spanish accent by manipulating the following Spanish cues singly and in combination: (1) fundamental frequency, (2) voice onset time for syllable-initial voiceless stops, (3) Duration of medial stressed vowels, (4) F1, F2 and F3 for full vowels, and (5) F1, F2, and F3 for reduced vowels. Two tapes for each level of accent were prepared on which 30 accented stimulus sentences were each paired with …
A Study Of The Reading And Speaking Fundamental Vocal Frequency Of Aging Black Adults., Charlotte Anne Ducote
A Study Of The Reading And Speaking Fundamental Vocal Frequency Of Aging Black Adults., Charlotte Anne Ducote
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The present study explored the relationships between fundamental frequency means and range extents for black adults in three decade intervals from 50-79 years of age during two speaking tasks. One hundred thirty-three males and 144 females participated in a spontaneous speaking task. Only 28 males and 65 females were able to participate in the reading activity. The results of the reading central tendencies for males suggested that the mean fundamental frequency increases with age for each decade interval (107.14 Hz, 111.00 Hz, and 129.09 Hz, respectively). The males in the 50- and 60-year decades had significantly lower means than the …
Language Behavior Of Preschool-Age Stutterers: A Longitudinal Study., Thomas Ashley Crowe
Language Behavior Of Preschool-Age Stutterers: A Longitudinal Study., Thomas Ashley Crowe
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The relationship between language and speech fluency was explored longitudinally in four preschool age stutterers. Language and fluency measures were performed on the four subjects over five sampling sessions for each subject, for a maximum period of 19 months. Language measures completed at each sampling session included the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) (Dunn, 1965); the Northwestern Syntax Screening Test (NSST) (Lee, 1969); the Test of Auditory Comprehension of Language (TACL) (Carrow, 1971); the Carrow Elicited Language Inventory (CELI) (Carrow, 1973); and the Developmental Sentence Scoring Techinque (DSS) (Lee, 1974). Mean length of utterance (MLU) (Brown, 1973) were also computed …
Monotic And Dichotic Perception Of (0-500 Msecs) Time-Staggered Cv-Monosyllables., Carl Francis Loovis
Monotic And Dichotic Perception Of (0-500 Msecs) Time-Staggered Cv-Monosyllables., Carl Francis Loovis
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
Employment Of The Diagnostic Rhyme Test (Drt) With Normal-Hearing And Sensori-Neural Hearing-Impaired Listeners., Marie Hiern Olroyd
Employment Of The Diagnostic Rhyme Test (Drt) With Normal-Hearing And Sensori-Neural Hearing-Impaired Listeners., Marie Hiern Olroyd
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
The Relationships Between Mental Age, Level Of Language Functioning And Social Acceptability In The Trainable Mentally Retarded., Susan Hofman King
The Relationships Between Mental Age, Level Of Language Functioning And Social Acceptability In The Trainable Mentally Retarded., Susan Hofman King
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.