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Louisiana State University

2019

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Measurement Of Neutrino And Antineutrino Neutral-Current Quasielasticlike Interactions On Oxygen By Detecting Nuclear Deexcitation Γ Rays, K. Abe, R. Akutsu, A. Ali, C. Alt, C. Andreopoulos, L. Anthony, M. Antonova, S. Aoki, A. Ariga, Y. Ashida, E. T. Atkin, Y. Awataguchi, S. Ban, M. Barbi, G. J. Barker, G. Barr, C. Barry, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, A. Beloshapkin, F. Bench, V. Berardi, S. Berkman, L. Berns, S. Bhadra, S. Bienstock, A. Blondel, S. Bolognesi, B. Bourguille Dec 2019

Measurement Of Neutrino And Antineutrino Neutral-Current Quasielasticlike Interactions On Oxygen By Detecting Nuclear Deexcitation Γ Rays, K. Abe, R. Akutsu, A. Ali, C. Alt, C. Andreopoulos, L. Anthony, M. Antonova, S. Aoki, A. Ariga, Y. Ashida, E. T. Atkin, Y. Awataguchi, S. Ban, M. Barbi, G. J. Barker, G. Barr, C. Barry, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, A. Beloshapkin, F. Bench, V. Berardi, S. Berkman, L. Berns, S. Bhadra, S. Bienstock, A. Blondel, S. Bolognesi, B. Bourguille

Faculty Publications

Neutrino- A nd antineutrino-oxygen neutral-current quasielasticlike interactions are measured at Super-Kamiokande using nuclear deexcitation γ rays to identify signal-like interactions in data from a 14.94(16.35)×1020 protons-on-target exposure of the T2K neutrino (antineutrino) beam. The measured flux-averaged cross sections on oxygen nuclei are âσν-NCQEâ

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Characterization Of An Extensive Interface On Vitronectin For Binding To Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1: Adoption Of Structure In An Intrinsically Disordered Region, Letitia O. Puster, Christopher B. Stanley, Vladimir N. Uversky, Joseph E. Curtis, Susan Krueger, Yuzhuo Chu, Cynthia B. Peterson Dec 2019

Characterization Of An Extensive Interface On Vitronectin For Binding To Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1: Adoption Of Structure In An Intrinsically Disordered Region, Letitia O. Puster, Christopher B. Stanley, Vladimir N. Uversky, Joseph E. Curtis, Susan Krueger, Yuzhuo Chu, Cynthia B. Peterson

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements were pursued to study human vitronectin, a protein found in tissues and the circulation that regulates cell adhesion/migration and proteolytic cascades that govern hemostasis and pericellular proteolysis. Many of these functions occur via interactions with its binding partner, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), the chief inhibitor of proteases that lyse and activate plasminogen. We focused on a region of vitronectin that remains uncharacterized from previous X-ray scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance, and computational modeling approaches and which we propose is involved in binding to PAI-1. This region, which bridges the N-terminal …

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Evidence For Late-Stage Eruptive Mass Loss In The Progenitor To Sn2018gep, A Broad-Lined Ic Supernova: Pre-Explosion Emission And A Rapidly Rising Luminous Transient, Anna Y.Q. Ho, Daniel A. Goldstein, Steve Schulze, David K. Khatami, Daniel A. Perley, Mattias Ergon, Avishay Gal-Yam, Alessandra Corsi, Igor Andreoni, Cristina Barbarino, Eric C. Bellm, Nadia Blagorodnova, Joe S. Bright, E. Burns, S. Bradley Cenko, Virginia Cunningham, Kishalay De, Richard Dekany, Alison Dugas, Rob P. Fender, Claes Fransson, Christoffer Fremling, Adam Goldstein, Matthew J. Graham, David Hale, Assaf Horesh, Tiara Hung, Mansi M. Kasliwal, N. Paul M. Kuin, S. R. Kulkarni, Thomas Kupfer, Ragnhild Lunnan, Frank J. Masci Dec 2019

Evidence For Late-Stage Eruptive Mass Loss In The Progenitor To Sn2018gep, A Broad-Lined Ic Supernova: Pre-Explosion Emission And A Rapidly Rising Luminous Transient, Anna Y.Q. Ho, Daniel A. Goldstein, Steve Schulze, David K. Khatami, Daniel A. Perley, Mattias Ergon, Avishay Gal-Yam, Alessandra Corsi, Igor Andreoni, Cristina Barbarino, Eric C. Bellm, Nadia Blagorodnova, Joe S. Bright, E. Burns, S. Bradley Cenko, Virginia Cunningham, Kishalay De, Richard Dekany, Alison Dugas, Rob P. Fender, Claes Fransson, Christoffer Fremling, Adam Goldstein, Matthew J. Graham, David Hale, Assaf Horesh, Tiara Hung, Mansi M. Kasliwal, N. Paul M. Kuin, S. R. Kulkarni, Thomas Kupfer, Ragnhild Lunnan, Frank J. Masci

Faculty Publications

We present detailed observations of ZTF18abukavn (SN2018gep), discovered in high-cadence data from the Zwicky Transient Facility as a rapidly rising (1.4 ± 0.1 mag hr-1) and luminous (Mg,peak = -20 mag) transient. It is spectroscopically classified as a broad-lined stripped-envelope supernova (Ic-BL SN). The high peak luminosity (Lbol ≳ 3 × 1044 erg s-1), the short rise time (trise = 3 days in g band), and the blue colors at peak (g-r ∼ -0.4) all resemble the high-redshift Ic-BL iPTF16asu, as well as several other unclassified fast transients. The early discovery of SN2018gep (within an hour of shock breakout) enabled …

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Some Physical Implications Of Regularization Ambiguities In Su(2) Gauge-Invariant Loop Quantum Cosmology, Klaus Liegener, Parampreet Singh Dec 2019

Some Physical Implications Of Regularization Ambiguities In Su(2) Gauge-Invariant Loop Quantum Cosmology, Klaus Liegener, Parampreet Singh

Faculty Publications

The way physics of loop quantum gravity is affected by the underlying quantization ambiguities is an open question. We address this issue in the context of loop quantum cosmology using gauge-covariant fluxes. Consequences are explored for two choices of regularization parameters: μ0 and μ in the presence of a positive cosmological constant, and two choices of regularizations of the Hamiltonian constraint in loop quantum cosmology: The standard and the Thiemann regularization. We show that novel features of singularity resolution and bounce, occurring due to gauge-covariant fluxes, exist also for Thiemann-regularized dynamics. The μ0 scheme is found to be unviable as …

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New Loop Quantum Cosmology Modifications From Gauge-Covariant Fluxes, Klaus Liegener, Parampreet Singh Dec 2019

New Loop Quantum Cosmology Modifications From Gauge-Covariant Fluxes, Klaus Liegener, Parampreet Singh

Faculty Publications

Loop quantum cosmology is a symmetry reduced quantization of cosmological spacetimes based on loop quantum gravity. While it has been successful in resolution of various cosmological singularities and connecting Planck scale physics to phenomenology, its connection with loop quantum gravity has remained elusive. It is therefore important to integrate more and more features of the full theory into this framework and understand the reliability of physical predictions. In particular, if one wishes to connect the effective Hamiltonian in loop quantum cosmology to an expectation value of the scalar constraint operator in suitable coherent states for the full theory, one has …

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Concentrations, Sources, And Health Risks Of Particulate Matter In Southeast Us.: Current Status And Future Changes, Fenglin Han Dec 2019

Concentrations, Sources, And Health Risks Of Particulate Matter In Southeast Us.: Current Status And Future Changes, Fenglin Han

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Evaluation of long-term air quality trends and prediction of future air quality may help to design and demonstrate effectiveness of control strategies and guide future air quality management. As one of the six criteria air pollutants (CAPs) regulated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 µm or less (PM2.5) is of great interests since it has adverse effects on human health, visibility and climate. This study aims to understand the current status and future changes in concentrations, sources, and health risks of PM2.5 in Southeast US. Firstly, observations were analyzed …

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Contrasting Regional Soil Alteration Across The Topographic Dichotomy Of Mars, D. R. Hood, S. Karunatillake, O. Gasnault, A. J. Williams, B. Dutrow, L. Ojha, S. Kobs, K. Kim, J. Heldmann, C. Fralick Dec 2019

Contrasting Regional Soil Alteration Across The Topographic Dichotomy Of Mars, D. R. Hood, S. Karunatillake, O. Gasnault, A. J. Williams, B. Dutrow, L. Ojha, S. Kobs, K. Kim, J. Heldmann, C. Fralick

Faculty Publications

©2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Landscapes on either side of the martian topographic dichotomy bear distinct soil chemistry, but the processes associated with this distinction remain poorly understood. Here, correlation of soil chemistry at global to regional scales is examined with multivariate analysis of Gamma-Ray Spectrometer chemical maps and the Thermal Emission Spectrometer-derived Dust Cover Index (DCI). In the analysis, the northern lowlands show a strong S-Cl correlation, contrasting with the southern highlands, which show a stronger S-H2O correlation. These observations suggest aqueous interaction with soils throughout the southern highlands, preferentially dissolving Cl compounds and weakening S-Cl correlation. …

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Microcanonical Analysis Of Boltzmann And Gibbs Entropies In Trapped Cold Atomic Gases, Kenneth J. Higginbotham, Daniel E. Sheehy Dec 2019

Microcanonical Analysis Of Boltzmann And Gibbs Entropies In Trapped Cold Atomic Gases, Kenneth J. Higginbotham, Daniel E. Sheehy

Faculty Publications

We analyze a gas of noninteracting fermions confined to a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential, with the aim of distinguishing between two proposed definitions of the thermodynamic entropy in the microcanonical ensemble, namely the standard Boltzmann entropy and the Gibbs (or volume) entropy. The distinction between these two definitions is crucial for systems with an upper bound on allowed energy levels, where the Boltzmann definition can lead to the notion of negative absolute temperature. Although negative temperatures do not exist for the system of fermions studied here, we still find a significant difference between the Boltzmann and Gibbs entropies, and between …

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Monitoring The Growth Dynamics Of Colloidal Gold-Silver Core-Shell Nanoparticles Using In Situ Second Harmonic Generation And Extinction Spectroscopy, Jeewan C. Ranasinghe, Asela S. Dikkumbura, Prakash Hamal, Min Chen, Rami A. Khoury, Holden T. Smith, Kenneth Lopata, Louis H. Haber Dec 2019

Monitoring The Growth Dynamics Of Colloidal Gold-Silver Core-Shell Nanoparticles Using In Situ Second Harmonic Generation And Extinction Spectroscopy, Jeewan C. Ranasinghe, Asela S. Dikkumbura, Prakash Hamal, Min Chen, Rami A. Khoury, Holden T. Smith, Kenneth Lopata, Louis H. Haber

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Author(s). The growth dynamics of gold-silver core-shell (Au@Ag) nanoparticles are studied using in situ time-dependent second harmonic generation (SHG) and extinction spectroscopy to investigate the nanoparticle shell formation. The silver shell is grown by reduction of silver cations onto a 14 nm gold core using ascorbic acid in colloidal aqueous solution under varying reaction concentrations producing Au@Ag nanoparticles of final sizes ranging from 51 to 78 nm in diameter. The in situ extinction spectra show a rapid increase in intensity on the timescale of 5-6 s with blue shifting and narrowing of the plasmonic peak during the silver …

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Exact Isovector Pairing In A Shell-Model Framework: Role Of Proton-Neutron Correlations In Isobaric Analog States, M. E. Miora, K. D. Launey, D. Kekejian, F. Pan, J. P. Draayer Dec 2019

Exact Isovector Pairing In A Shell-Model Framework: Role Of Proton-Neutron Correlations In Isobaric Analog States, M. E. Miora, K. D. Launey, D. Kekejian, F. Pan, J. P. Draayer

Faculty Publications

We utilize a nuclear shell model Hamiltonian with only two adjustable parameters to generate, for the first time, exact solutions for pairing correlations for light to medium-mass nuclei, including the challenging proton-neutron pairs, while also identifying the primary physics involved. In addition to single-particle energy and Coulomb potential terms, the shell model Hamiltonian consists of an isovector T=1 pairing interaction and an average proton-neutron isoscalar T=0 interaction, where the T=0 term describes the average interaction between nonpaired protons and neutrons. This Hamiltonian is exactly solvable, where, utilizing three to seven single-particle energy levels, we reproduce experimental data for 0+ state …

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Cosmogenic Neutron Production At The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, B. Aharmim, S. N. Ahmed, A. E. Anthony, N. Barros, E. W. Beier, A. Bellerive, B. Beltran, M. Bergevin, S. D. Biller, R. Bonventre, K. Boudjemline, M. G. Boulay, B. Cai, E. J. Callaghan, J. Caravaca, Y. D. Chan, D. Chauhan, M. Chen, B. T. Cleveland, G. A. Cox, R. Curley, X. Dai, H. Deng, F. B. Descamps, J. A. Detwiler, P. J. Doe, G. Doucas, P. L. Drouin Dec 2019

Cosmogenic Neutron Production At The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, B. Aharmim, S. N. Ahmed, A. E. Anthony, N. Barros, E. W. Beier, A. Bellerive, B. Beltran, M. Bergevin, S. D. Biller, R. Bonventre, K. Boudjemline, M. G. Boulay, B. Cai, E. J. Callaghan, J. Caravaca, Y. D. Chan, D. Chauhan, M. Chen, B. T. Cleveland, G. A. Cox, R. Curley, X. Dai, H. Deng, F. B. Descamps, J. A. Detwiler, P. J. Doe, G. Doucas, P. L. Drouin

Faculty Publications

Neutrons produced in nuclear interactions initiated by cosmic-ray muons present an irreducible background to many rare-event searches, even in detectors located deep underground. Models for the production of these neutrons have been tested against previous experimental data, but the extrapolation to deeper sites is not well understood. Here we report results from an analysis of cosmogenically produced neutrons at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. A specific set of observables are presented, which can be used to benchmark the validity of geant4 physics models. In addition, the cosmogenic neutron yield, in units of 10-4 cm2/(g·μ), is measured to be 7.28±0.09(stat)-1.12+1.59(syst) in pure …

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Influencing Factors On The Velocity And Temperature Of Propagating Fronts In Acrylate Composites, Samuel Morris Bynum Dec 2019

Influencing Factors On The Velocity And Temperature Of Propagating Fronts In Acrylate Composites, Samuel Morris Bynum

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Thermal frontal polymerization is a type of polymerization in which a localized reaction zone propagates through an unstirred system. It is incumbent upon the production and transport of heat produced as a result of the exothermic reaction associated with free-radical polymerization. First discovered in the 1970s, frontal polymerization has been since utilized to produce a variety of different materials, utilizing a variety of different chemistries. The temperature of the propagating front and the velocity at which it propagates can be influenced via chemical or physical means. We show that through careful selection of monomers and control of the concentration of …

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Resource Theory Of Asymmetric Distinguishability For Quantum Channels, Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde Dec 2019

Resource Theory Of Asymmetric Distinguishability For Quantum Channels, Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

This paper develops the resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability for quantum channels, generalizing the related resource theory for states [Matsumoto, arXiv:1010.1030, Wang and Wilde, Phys. Rev. Research 1, 033170 (2019)10.1103/PhysRevResearch.1.033170]. The key constituents of the channel resource theory are quantum channel boxes, consisting of a pair of quantum channels, which can be manipulated for free by means of an arbitrary quantum superchannel (the most general physical transformation of a quantum channel). One main question of the resource theory is the approximate channel box transformation problem, in which the goal is to transform an initial channel box (or boxes) to a …

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Resource Theory Of Asymmetric Distinguishability, Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde Dec 2019

Resource Theory Of Asymmetric Distinguishability, Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

This paper systematically develops the resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability, as initiated roughly a decade ago [Matsumoto, Reverse test and characterization of quantum relative entropy, arXiv:1010.1030]. The key constituents of this resource theory are quantum boxes, consisting of a pair of quantum states, which can be manipulated for free by means of an arbitrary quantum channel. We introduce bits of asymmetric distinguishability as the basic currency in this resource theory, and we prove that it is a reversible resource theory in the asymptotic limit, with the quantum relative entropy being the fundamental rate of resource interconversion. The distillable distinguishability is …

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Quantum-Enhanced Advanced Ligo Detectors In The Era Of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy, M. Tse, Haocun Yu, N. Kijbunchoo, A. Fernandez-Galiana, P. Dupej, L. Barsotti, C. D. Blair, D. D. Brown, S. E. Dwyer, A. Effler, M. Evans, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, A. C. Green, G. L. Mansell, F. Matichard, N. Mavalvala, D. E. Mcclelland, L. Mcculler, T. Mcrae, J. Miller, A. Mullavey, E. Oelker, I. Y. Phinney, D. Sigg, B. J.J. Slagmolen, T. Vo, R. L. Ward, C. Whittle, R. Abbott, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, A. Ananyeva Dec 2019

Quantum-Enhanced Advanced Ligo Detectors In The Era Of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy, M. Tse, Haocun Yu, N. Kijbunchoo, A. Fernandez-Galiana, P. Dupej, L. Barsotti, C. D. Blair, D. D. Brown, S. E. Dwyer, A. Effler, M. Evans, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, A. C. Green, G. L. Mansell, F. Matichard, N. Mavalvala, D. E. Mcclelland, L. Mcculler, T. Mcrae, J. Miller, A. Mullavey, E. Oelker, I. Y. Phinney, D. Sigg, B. J.J. Slagmolen, T. Vo, R. L. Ward, C. Whittle, R. Abbott, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, A. Ananyeva

Faculty Publications

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) has been directly detecting gravitational waves from compact binary mergers since 2015. We report on the first use of squeezed vacuum states in the direct measurement of gravitational waves with the Advanced LIGO H1 and L1 detectors. This achievement is the culmination of decades of research to implement squeezed states in gravitational-wave detectors. During the ongoing O3 observation run, squeezed states are improving the sensitivity of the LIGO interferometers to signals above 50 Hz by up to 3 dB, thereby increasing the expected detection rate by 40% (H1) and 50% (L1).

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Search For Gravitational Waves From Scorpius X-1 In The Second Advanced Ligo Observing Run With An Improved Hidden Markov Model, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arène, N. Arnaud Dec 2019

Search For Gravitational Waves From Scorpius X-1 In The Second Advanced Ligo Observing Run With An Improved Hidden Markov Model, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arène, N. Arnaud

Faculty Publications

We present results from a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass x-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using a hidden Markov model (HMM) to track spin wandering. This search improves on previous HMM-based searches of LIGO data by using an improved frequency domain matched filter, the J-statistic, and by analyzing data from Advanced LIGO's second observing run. In the frequency range searched, from 60 to 650 Hz, we find no evidence of gravitational radiation. At 194.6 Hz, the most sensitive search frequency, we report an upper limit on gravitational wave strain (at 95% confidence) of h095%=3.47×10-25 when marginalizing over …

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Erratum: Measurement Of D+ Be 7 Cross Sections For Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis (Physical Review Letters (2019) 122 (182701) Doi: 10.1103/Physrevlett.122.182701), N. Rijal, I. Wiedenhöver, J. C. Blackmon, M. Anastasiou, L. T. Baby, D. D. Caussyn, P. Höflich, K. W. Kemper, E. Koshchiy, G. V. Rogachev Dec 2019

Erratum: Measurement Of D+ Be 7 Cross Sections For Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis (Physical Review Letters (2019) 122 (182701) Doi: 10.1103/Physrevlett.122.182701), N. Rijal, I. Wiedenhöver, J. C. Blackmon, M. Anastasiou, L. T. Baby, D. D. Caussyn, P. Höflich, K. W. Kemper, E. Koshchiy, G. V. Rogachev

Faculty Publications

The cross sections of nuclear reactions between the radioisotope Be7 and deuterium, a possible mechanism of reducing the production of mass-7 nuclides in big-bang nucleosynthesis, were measured at center-of-mass energies between 0.2 and 1.5 MeV. The measured cross sections are dominated by the (d,a) reaction channel, towards which prior experiments were mostly insensitive. A new resonance at 0.36(5) MeV with a strength of ωγ=1.7(5) keV was observed inside the relevant Gamow window. Calculations of nucleosynthesis outcomes based on the experimental cross section show that the resonance reduces the predicted abundance of primordial Li7, but not sufficiently to solve the primordial …

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Cantor Spectrum Of Graphene In Magnetic Fields, Simon Becker, Rui Han, Svetlana Jitomirskaya Dec 2019

Cantor Spectrum Of Graphene In Magnetic Fields, Simon Becker, Rui Han, Svetlana Jitomirskaya

Faculty Publications

We consider a quantum graph as a model of graphene in magnetic fields and give a complete analysis of the spectrum, for all constant fluxes. In particular, we show that if the reduced magnetic flux Φ / 2 π through a honeycomb is irrational, the continuous spectrum is an unbounded Cantor set of Lebesgue measure zero.

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In Vivo Imaging Of D2 Receptors And Corticosteroids Predict Behavioural Responses To Captivity Stress In A Wild Bird, Christine R. Lattin, Devin P. Merullo, Lauren V. Riters, Richard E. Carson Dec 2019

In Vivo Imaging Of D2 Receptors And Corticosteroids Predict Behavioural Responses To Captivity Stress In A Wild Bird, Christine R. Lattin, Devin P. Merullo, Lauren V. Riters, Richard E. Carson

Faculty Publications

© 2019, The Author(s). Individual physiological variation may underlie individual differences in behaviour in response to stressors. This study tested the hypothesis that individual variation in dopamine and corticosteroid physiology in wild house sparrows (Passer domesticus, n = 15) would significantly predict behaviour and weight loss in response to a long-term stressor, captivity. We found that individuals that coped better with captivity (fewer anxiety-related behaviours, more time spent feeding, higher body mass) had lower baseline and higher stress-induced corticosteroid titres at capture. Birds with higher striatal D2 receptor binding (examined using positron emission tomography (PET) with 11C-raclopride 24 h post-capture) …

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Male Dominance Status Regulates Odor-Evoked Processing In The Forebrain Of A Cichlid Fish, Alexandre A. Nikonov, Karen P. Maruska Dec 2019

Male Dominance Status Regulates Odor-Evoked Processing In The Forebrain Of A Cichlid Fish, Alexandre A. Nikonov, Karen P. Maruska

Faculty Publications

© 2019, The Author(s). The ability to identify odors in the environment is crucial for survival and reproduction. However, whether olfactory processing in higher-order brain centers is influenced by an animal’s physiological condition is unknown. We used in vivo neuron and local field potential (LFP) recordings from the ventral telencephalon of dominant and subordinate male cichlids to test the hypothesis that response properties of olfactory neurons differ with social status. Dominant males had a high percentage of neurons that responded to several odor types, suggesting broad tuning or differential sensitivity when males are reproductively active and defending a territory. A …

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Multiphoton Quantum-State Engineering Using Conditional Measurements, Omar S. Magaña-Loaiza, Roberto De J. León-Montiel, Armando Perez-Leija, Alfred B. U’Ren, Chenglong You, Kurt Busch, Adriana E. Lita, Sae Woo Nam, Richard P. Mirin, Thomas Gerrits Dec 2019

Multiphoton Quantum-State Engineering Using Conditional Measurements, Omar S. Magaña-Loaiza, Roberto De J. León-Montiel, Armando Perez-Leija, Alfred B. U’Ren, Chenglong You, Kurt Busch, Adriana E. Lita, Sae Woo Nam, Richard P. Mirin, Thomas Gerrits

Faculty Publications

The quantum theory of electromagnetic radiation predicts characteristic statistical fluctuations for light sources as diverse as sunlight, laser radiation, and molecule fluorescence. Indeed, these underlying statistical fluctuations of light are associated with the fundamental physical processes behind their generation. In this contribution, we experimentally demonstrate that the manipulation of the quantum electromagnetic fluctuations of two-mode squeezed vacuum states leads to a family of quantum-correlated multiphoton states with tunable mean photon numbers and degree of correlation. Our technique relies on the use of conditional measurements to engineer the excitation mode of the field through the simultaneous subtraction of photons from two-mode …

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An Analysis Of The Shapes Of Interstellar Extinction Curves. Vii. Milky Way Spectrophotometric Optical-Through-Ultraviolet Extinction And Its R-Dependence, E. L. Fitzpatrick, Derck Massa, Karl D. Gordon, Ralph Bohlin, Geoffrey C. Clayton Dec 2019

An Analysis Of The Shapes Of Interstellar Extinction Curves. Vii. Milky Way Spectrophotometric Optical-Through-Ultraviolet Extinction And Its R-Dependence, E. L. Fitzpatrick, Derck Massa, Karl D. Gordon, Ralph Bohlin, Geoffrey C. Clayton

Faculty Publications

We produce a set of 72 NIR-through-UV extinction curves by combining new Hubble Space Telescope/STIS optical spectrophotometry with existing International Ultraviolet Explorer spectrophotometry (yielding gapless coverage from 1150 to 10000 Å) and NIR photometry. These curves are used to determine a new, internally consistent NIR-through-UV Milky Way mean curve and to characterize how the shapes of the extinction curves depend on R(V). We emphasize that while this dependence captures much of the curve variability, considerable variation remains that is independent of R(V). We use the optical spectrophotometry to verify the presence of structure at intermediate wavelength scales in the curves. …

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Morphologic Adjustments Of Actively Evolving Highly Curved Neck Cutoffs, Derek Richards, Kory Konsoer Dec 2019

Morphologic Adjustments Of Actively Evolving Highly Curved Neck Cutoffs, Derek Richards, Kory Konsoer

Faculty Publications

Neck cutoffs and their resultant oxbow lakes are important and prominent features of riverine landscapes. Detailed field-based research focusing on the morphologic evolution of neck cutoffs is currently insufficient to fully characterize cutoff evolution. High-resolution bathymetric data were collected over 3 years for the purpose of determining channel morphology and morphologic change on three actively evolving neck cutoffs. Results indicate the following general trends in morphologic adjustment: (1) a longitudinal bar in the upstream meander limb that develops near the entrance to the abandoned bend; (2) a deep scour hole in the downstream meander limb immediately downstream of the cutoff …

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Nonlinear Xuv Signal Generation Probed By Transient Grating Spectroscopy With Attosecond Pulses, Ashley P. Fidler, Seth J. Camp, Erika R. Warrick, Etienne Bloch, Hugo J.B. Marroux, Daniel M. Neumark, Kenneth J. Schafer, Mette B. Gaarde, Stephen R. Leone Dec 2019

Nonlinear Xuv Signal Generation Probed By Transient Grating Spectroscopy With Attosecond Pulses, Ashley P. Fidler, Seth J. Camp, Erika R. Warrick, Etienne Bloch, Hugo J.B. Marroux, Daniel M. Neumark, Kenneth J. Schafer, Mette B. Gaarde, Stephen R. Leone

Faculty Publications

Nonlinear spectroscopies are utilized extensively for selective measurements of chemical dynamics in the optical, infrared, and radio-frequency regimes. The development of these techniques for extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light sources facilitates measurements of electronic dynamics on attosecond timescales. Here, we elucidate the temporal dynamics of nonlinear signal generation by utilizing a transient grating scheme with a subfemtosecond XUV pulse train and two few-cycle near-infrared pulses in atomic helium. Simultaneous detection of multiple diffraction orders reveals delays of ≥1.5 fs in higher-order XUV signal generation, which are reproduced theoretically by solving the coupled Maxwell–Schrödinger equations and with a phase grating model. The …

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Recurrent Fires Do Not Affect The Abundance Of Soil Fungi In A Frequently Burned Pine Savanna, Paige M. Hansen, Tatiana A. Semenova-Nelsen, William J. Platt, Benjamin A. Sikes Dec 2019

Recurrent Fires Do Not Affect The Abundance Of Soil Fungi In A Frequently Burned Pine Savanna, Paige M. Hansen, Tatiana A. Semenova-Nelsen, William J. Platt, Benjamin A. Sikes

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd and British Mycological Society While the negative effects of infrequent, high-intensity fire on soil fungal abundance are well-understood, it remains unclear how the short-term history of frequent, low-intensity fire in fire-dependent ecosystems impacts abundance, and whether this history governs any abundance declines. We used prescribed fire to experimentally alter the short-term fire history of patches within a fire-frequented old-growth pine savanna over a 3 y period. We then quantified fungal abundance before and after the final fire using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) assays and Droplet Digital™ PCR (ddPCR). Short-term fire history largely did not affect total …

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Calculations With Graded Perverse-Coherent Sheaves, Pramod N. Achar, William D. Hardesty Dec 2019

Calculations With Graded Perverse-Coherent Sheaves, Pramod N. Achar, William D. Hardesty

Faculty Publications

In this paper, we carry out several computations involving graded (or Gm-equivariant) perversecoherent sheaves on the nilpotent cone of a reductive group in good characteristic. In the first part of the paper, we compute the weight of the Gm-action on certain normalized (or 'canonical') simple objects, confirming an old prediction of Ostrik. In the second part of the paper, we explicitly describe all simple perverse-coherent sheaves for G = PGL3, in every characteristic other than 2 or 3. Applications include an explicit description of the cohomology of tilting modules for the corresponding quantum group, as well as a proof that …

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Do Global Regulators Hold The Key To Production Of Bacterial Secondary Metabolites?, Sudarshan Singh Thapa, Anne Grove Dec 2019

Do Global Regulators Hold The Key To Production Of Bacterial Secondary Metabolites?, Sudarshan Singh Thapa, Anne Grove

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. The emergence of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria has pushed the available pool of antibiotics to the brink. Bacterial secondary metabolites have long been a valuable resource in the development of antibiotics, and the genus Burkholderia has recently emerged as a source of novel compounds with antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-cancer activities. Genome mining has contributed to the identification of biosynthetic gene clusters, which encode enzymes that are responsible for synthesis of such secondary metabolites. Unfortunately, these large gene clusters generally remain silent or cryptic under normal laboratory settings, which creates a hurdle …

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Evolution Patterns Of Peg3 And H19-Icr, Joomyeong Kim Dec 2019

Evolution Patterns Of Peg3 And H19-Icr, Joomyeong Kim

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Mammalian imprinted domains are regulated through small genomic regions termed Imprinting Control Regions (ICRs). In the current study, the evolution patterns of the ICRs of Peg3 and H19-imprinted domains were analyzed using the genomic sequences derived from a large number of mammals. The results indicated that multiple YY1 and CTCF binding sites are localized within the Peg3 and H19-ICR in all the mammals tested. The numbers of YY1 and CTCF binding sites are variable among individual species, yet positively correlate with the presence of tandem repeats within the Peg3 and H19-ICRs. Thus, multiple YY1 and CTCF …

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Identification And Visualization Of Functionally Important Domains And Residues In Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein K(Gk) Using A Combination Of Phylogenetics And Protein Modeling, Paul J.F. Rider, Lyndon M. Coghill, Misagh Naderi, Jeremy M. Brown, Michal Brylinski, Konstantin G. Kousoulas Dec 2019

Identification And Visualization Of Functionally Important Domains And Residues In Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein K(Gk) Using A Combination Of Phylogenetics And Protein Modeling, Paul J.F. Rider, Lyndon M. Coghill, Misagh Naderi, Jeremy M. Brown, Michal Brylinski, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

© 2019, The Author(s). Alphaherpesviruses are a subfamily of herpesviruses that include the significant human pathogens herpes simplex viruses (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV). Glycoprotein K (gK), conserved in all alphaherpesviruses, is a multi-membrane spanning virion glycoprotein essential for virus entry into neuronal axons, virion assembly, and pathogenesis. Despite these critical functions, little is known about which gK domains and residues are most important for maintaining these functions across all alphaherpesviruses. Herein, we employed phylogenetic and structural analyses including the use of a novel model for evolutionary rate variation across residues to predict conserved gK functional domains. We found …

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One Week Of Continuous Corticosterone Exposure Impairs Hepatic Metabolic Flexibility, Promotes Islet Β-Cell Proliferation, And Reduces Physical Activity In Male C57bl/6 J Mice, Susan J. Burke, Heidi M. Batdorf, Tai Yu Huang, Joseph W. Jackson, Katarina A. Jones, Thomas M. Martin, Kristen E. Rohli, Michael D. Karlstad, Tim E. Sparer, David H. Burk, Shawn R. Campagna, Robert C. Noland, Paul L. Soto, J. Jason Collier Dec 2019

One Week Of Continuous Corticosterone Exposure Impairs Hepatic Metabolic Flexibility, Promotes Islet Β-Cell Proliferation, And Reduces Physical Activity In Male C57bl/6 J Mice, Susan J. Burke, Heidi M. Batdorf, Tai Yu Huang, Joseph W. Jackson, Katarina A. Jones, Thomas M. Martin, Kristen E. Rohli, Michael D. Karlstad, Tim E. Sparer, David H. Burk, Shawn R. Campagna, Robert C. Noland, Paul L. Soto, J. Jason Collier

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Clinical glucocorticoid use, and diseases that produce elevated circulating glucocorticoids, promote drastic changes in body composition and reduction in whole body insulin sensitivity. Because steroid-induced diabetes is the most common form of drug-induced hyperglycemia, we investigated mechanisms underlying the recognized phenotypes associated with glucocorticoid excess. Male C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to either 100ug/mL corticosterone (cort) or vehicle in their drinking water. Body composition measurements revealed an increase in fat mass with drastically reduced lean mass during the first week (i.e., seven days) of cort exposure. Relative to the vehicle control group, mice receiving cort had …

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