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Three Young Jewish Dps Depart Buchenwald Concentration Camp, Holding A Homemade Zionist Flag On The First Leg Of Journey To Palestine

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Black and white photograph of three young adults leaning out of a window with a flag hanging from a rod. Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Yetti Halpern Beigel (left) was born in Poland, the youngest of nine children. She had worked as a seamstress in the Bochnia Ghetto. She had been transferred to Bergen Belsen and after the liberation was sent to Buchenwald to the US Military Hospital to recuperate. Here she met Magda Weber (left) from Hungary. They later immigrated to Palestine. The unidentified boy in the center is Latvian.

Jakob Machat

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

A black and white photograph of a man in a concentration camp uniform.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Original photo of Jakob Machat taken in Palestine, dressed in his own concentration camp prisoner's uniform. This young man later served as a pilot in the IDF Air Force.

[Related item: 2012.1.506]

Buchenwald Lagergeld Money

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Two pieces of paper currency. First is titled, "Außenkommando" and worth -.50 RM. The second is titled, "Wertmarke" and worth 1 RM.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Buchenwald was a Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg near Weimar, Thuringia, Germany. Camp prisoners worked primarily as slave labor in local armament factories. Inmates were Jews, political prisoners, religious prisoners, and prisoners of war.

Army Signal Corps Photos Of Nazi Atrocities

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Black and white photographs:

a: of naked bodies lying on the ground with other clothed bodies

b: two bodies on the ground with the forearm of a third body in the foregound

c:men in a barracks bunks with one man standing

d:decomposed body lying in thorns or barbed wire

e: two men standing over decomposed corpses with buildlings in the background

f: pile of many bodies

g: men under a blanket

h: pile of about ten bodies

i: crematorium ovens

j: large pile of bodies with a roof in the background

k: tan envelope with "10 GENUINE PHOTOGRAPHS, NAZI ATROCITIES" …

Early Postcard Sent From Buchenwald Concentration Camp

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Split in half by orange line. Right side has orange dotted lines with the addressee written on them. The upper righthand corner seems to have had the stamp ripped off. There is "-26-" in its place, as well as the bottom outline of a circle stamp. Address is written in black pen. The left side of the postcard has a block of German text in orange print, titled: "Konzentrationslager Weirmar=Buchenwald" with the name of the inmate written along with his room and block in the bottom in black ink. Back: Message is written on dotted orange lines in black …

Israeli Buchenwald Commemorative Envelope

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

White envelope with black and white illustration of camp members along bottom. Includes a colorful illustration with camp members and watercolor butterflies.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Israeli Postal souvenir sheet issued in 1995 to commemorate liberation from the camps.

German Commemorative Sheet And Stamp

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

White sheet titled, "50. Jahrestag der Befreiung der Gefangenen aus den Konzentrationslagern." Includes a serated stamp and the names of concentration camps surrounding it.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: German Commemorative sheet issued in Bonn. This sheet commemorated the liberation of concentration camps. This was issued near the 50th anniversary of the ending of German National Socialism and the liberation of concentration camps in the Third Reich during World War II.

First Day Cover: Israeli Commemoration Of 50th Anniversary Of Liberation Of Buchenwald

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

White envelope with blue illustration of children standing by a tower. Titled "Convention of the Children of Buchenwald 50th Anniversary of Liberation of the Camp."

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Israeli First Day Cover commemorating the 50th anniversary of the liberation of Buchenwald Concentration Camp

East German Holocaust Monument Stamps

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Series of four stamps. First stamp is red and white and shows a tall monument on a plaza, titled, "Gedenkstätte Buchenwald." Second stamp has green illustration of a monument with a statue on top of it with a crowd below. Titled, "Mahnmal Ravensbrück." Third stamp has a red illustration of a monument jutting into a harbor. Titled, "Mahnmal Ravensbrück." Final stamp shows a white monument with triangles over a brick wall. Titled "Mahnmal Sachsenhausen."

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: To honor the dead and to remind those who continue to live, many monuments were constructed on the sites of …

Former Buchenwald Prisoners' Health Restored

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Black and white photograph, showing four men working with horses and a cart. Three men are shirtless, and one wears a white shirt.Back: Pasted news clipping on left side. Several stamps and stickers, and writing in pencil.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Acme Newspictures wire photo with news clipping verso: "HEALTH RESTORED--Nearly all the former inmates of the German Buchenwald have regained their health in This [sic] Palestine compound. They work the land and enjoy their new freedom.”

Testimony About Experiments In Concentration Camps

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Torn typewritten pages in English, each with an identifying number on bottom right. About experiments performed at Dachau, Mauthausen, Buchenwald, Auschwitz, Natzweiler and Ravensbruck.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Torn typewritten pages in English, each with an identifying number, relating to experiments performed at a number of concentration camps including Dachau, Mauthausen, Buchenwald, Auschwitz, Natzweiler and Ravensbruck, in all probability for the Doctors’ Trial in Nuremberg. The documents themselves state that they are predicated on witness reports, interrogations, and documentary evidence. They establish the kinds of inhumane and illegal - by any standard except those of a criminal organization …

Provisional Id For Civilian Internee Of Buchenwald Jakob Machat

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Small booklet titled, "Ausweis - Certification." Includes typewritten biographic information about Jakob Machat, as well as his fingerprint and signature.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Provisional identification card for a civilian internee of Buchenwald, Jakob Machat. Card stamped by the Allied forces on the camp liberation day.

[Related items: 2012.1.505]

"Kz: Bildbericht Aus Fünf Konzentrationslagern" [Photo Report From Five Concentration Camps]

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Black magzine with title, "KZ: Bildbericht aus fünf Konzentrationslagern." Interior includes text in German as well as black and white photographs of concentration camps.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Magazine released circa 1945 by the American War Information Unit. Includes information on Buchenwald, Belsen, Gardelegen, Nordhausen, & Ohrdruf.

Nazi Hel Published By Van Holkema And Warendorf In Amsterdam

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Black hard-board covered book, spiral bound with white text “Nazi Hel” and a swastika.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Nazi Hel is a first edition photo documentary of black-and-white photos taken by the Allies after the liberation of the concentration camps in 1945. Most of the photos were taken at Bergen-Belsen by the British army. Others were taken at Buchenwald, Mauthausen and Langenstein, and Schwabmuenchen. A two-page introduction is in Dutch, along with a map depicting the location of some of the larger concentration and labor camps. The final photograph is of a Dutch woman who belonged to the …

Shana Tova Card Of Holocaust Survivors From Buchenwald Concentration Camp Raising National Flag

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Folding photo card showing concentration camp survivors in front of the Israeli flag.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Real photograph card “On the Threshold”, survivors from Buchenwald aboard ship “Matroha” arriving in port of Haifa July 15, 1945. As Palestine at this time continues under British Mandate, they will be arrested by the British as “illegals”.

Buchenwald Concentration Camp Liberation

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Black and white photograph of men in a mishmosh of prisoner's clothes and heavy jackets standing behind barbed wire. Most look directly at the camera. The man in the middle is holding onto the wire.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Iconic photograph - a Time-Life Pictures reprint - taken by Margaret Bourke-White for Life Magazine of recently liberated male prisoners of Buchenwald concentration camp. Bourke-White was one of four female photojournalists to cover World War II. Clearly posed for the camera, the men, some leaning against the barbed-wire fence, look directly at the camera with an expression that seems …

Liberation Of Buchenwald

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Black and white photograph depicting a crowded bunk of male prisoners on the right, and some standing on the left.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Men on wooden pallets - their beds - in the barracks of Buchenwald oncentration amp post liberation. A photograph - a Time-Life Pictures reprint - taken by Margaret Bourke-White for Life Magazine of recently liberated male prisoners. Bourke-White had been one of four female photojournalists to cover the War and its aftermath. Elie Wiesel, author and winner of the Nobel Prize, is seventh from left in the middle row.

Postcard To Buchenwald Concentration Camp

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Split in half by printed purple line. Left side has the addres of the sender, Olga Kozakowa written in cusive black ink. Right side has the address of the camp, number 33541, block 37 at Weimar-Buchenwald. Back: Message handwritten in black cursive.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Censored postcard from Olga Kozakowa Wodzistaw(?) in Radom to O. Ludostaw, Prisoner (Schutzhaftling) #33541 Block 37 in Buchenwald Concentration Camp

Funeral Card For Marcel Fayon

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Depiction of Jesus on the Cross, titled, "Mon Jésus, Miséricorde!" with printed text.Back: Printed text titled, "A la pieuse mémorie de notre martyr monsieur Marcel Fayon."

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: One of a group of funeral cards for Catholic individuals who perished at various concentration camps, including Bergen-Belsen, Stettin, Mauthausen, Neuengamme and Buchenwald (2012.1.47, 2012.1.48, 2012.1.49, 2012.1.50, 2012.1.51, 2012.1.52, 2012.1.53).

Buchenwald Death Notice

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Tan paper with typewritten message in fading ink. Blue Buchenwald hand stamp in upper left corner. Black Kartei stamp in upper right. Black ink singnature in bottom middle.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Document signed by a concentration camp doctor ("Der Lager Arzt") at Buchenwald stating that the inmate, Otto Schnurpel, prisoner Nr. 24097, died "accidentally" on July 25, 1944. This date is five days after the July 20th attempt on Hitler's life.

Buchenwald Feldgendarmerie Feldpost Correspondence

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Envelope: Weimar-Buchenwald handstamp in upper right corner. Waffen handstamp in lower left corner. Handwritten address.Back: Handwritten return address on top. Letter: Blue ink written on lined paper, all of front, half of back.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: From Austrian member of the Waffen Feldgendarmerie at Buchenwald to his girl back home in Austria.

Waffen Ss Weimar Buchenwald Feldgendarmerie 3rd Reich Correspondence

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Envelope: Written 'Feldpost' on top in blue ink. Circular stamp from Weimar-Buchenwald on top right corner. Back: Return address written on top of flap in blue ink. Letter: Handwritten in blue ink dated 10.1.44.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Feldpost cover, with contents, from Austrian member of the Waffen SS Feldgendarmerie at Buchenwald to his girl back home in Austria.

Lagergeld From Mittelbau-Dora

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

White piece of paper with black ink. Outlined black rectangle with "Arbeitslager Mittelbau" across on a step of three thick lines. Back ground made from small vertical black lines. Worth -.01.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Mittelbau-Dora, sometimes known as Mittelbau or Nordhausen, was a Nazi concentration camp in Germany, in the Kohnstein South of the Harz Mountains as a sub-camp of the already existing Buchenwald Camp. Eventually it was comprised of more than forty camps. The main goal of the complex was to establish the underground production of armaments, notably the V-2 rocket. During its eighteen months of …

Buchenwald Physician's Note

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Half-sheet with typewritten information and blue signature.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: A document from the camp physician at Buchenwald, confirming the casualties from different diseases in the camp during the period of December 19, 1943 to December 25, 1943, including diptheria, tuberculosis, etc.

Simon Cossen Death Notice From Buchenwald

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Half-page document titled, "Bescheinigung." Includes writing in pencil on front and back.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: A statement that Simon Cossen had camp food from January 1, 1943 to April 1943, whence he died. Signed by the camp attorney with Buchenwald stamps at the bottom. Cossen is indeed noted to have perished on April 13, 1943 in the German State Archives.

"Reichswerke Hermann Goering" Phoenix Letter With Goering Factory Stamp

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: HERMANN GORING text printed at lower left, 3 hole punches along left edge; Back: 'Betr.: Leergut-Rucksendung' typewritten and underlined at top left.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Letter card with "Goering Reichswerke" cachet and his emblem sent from the "Phoenix" coal mine which, prior to its confiscation and "aryanization" by the Nazis, was owned by the Jewish industrialist Ignaz Petscheck. As part of the Hermann Goering Reichswerke, thousands of slave workers and inmates from concentration camp Buchenwald were forced to work at this mine. The text of the card reads: To the German Aseol company in Zeitz; Matter: …

Correspondence From Buchenwald Inmate

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Envelope: Green envelope on Buchenwald stationery. Addressed in black ink to Herma Winklharon.Letter on Buchenwald stationery. Includes orange printed text and lines. Message handwritten in black ink.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Censored formula lettersheet from inmate in Buchenwald Concentration Camp to Vienna to family member.

Censored Postcard From Moses Berg, Buchenwald To Ottilie Berg, Beuel

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Postcard with printed purple postcard lines and handwritten message in purple pencil with a large red X through the front.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

The letter, in neat pencil on two sides of an official camp postcard, contains comments too truthful to have made it past the censor and, indeed, is marked with a large "x" in red grease pencil. Berg writes candidly to his wife, "Thank you for the package. Unfortunately they took the food, because at the time there are many diseases here at the camp. But after an exam, I will receive everything back..." After …

Roundup Of Dutch Jews Broadside

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

A bright red sheet titled "Bekendmaking" with Dutch text.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Broadside issued by SS Brigade leader Hans Rauter ordering roundup of Dutch Jews following an incident in which a number of German police were sprayed with ammonia upon entering an ice cream shop in Amsterdam named Koko. Apparently, the ammonia was part of a system designed to ward off unwanted intruders indiscriminately. In retaliation for this perceived indignity, SS Brigade leader Hans Rauter ordered the roundup of four hundred Jewish men aged twenty to thirty-five years, warning that any demonstration against German occupation authorities would …

Immigration Document For Georg-Heinz Moses

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Green paper with printed text, as well as stamped/handwritten German information. Includes a photograph of Georg-Heinz Moses and a signature.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: 1939 police immigration document issued by the German consulate in Malmo, Sweden. In all likelihood Mr. Moses was one of 30,000 arrested after Kristallnacht and imprisoned in concentration camps.

[Related items: 2014.1.57, 2014.1.58, 2014.1.59]