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A Study On The Sports Industry In Edo: Preface To A Study Of The History Of The Sports Industry In Early Modern Japan, Hironori Tanigama

Japanese Society and Culture

This study discusses what sorts of industries developed in Edo during the early modern period and their characteristics, with a specific look at the sports industry. The results of this study are as follows. 1. In the 17th century, the sports industry in Edo targeted the ruling samurai class. Samurai in Edo were fond of sumo tournaments and archery exhibition competitions; both were heavily influenced by the Kyoto area (then the capital). At the time, traditions carried on since the Middle Ages remained strong in the world of sports. 2. At the end of the 17th century, various urban sports …

Pathetic Beauty: Mono No Aware In Hollywood Cinema –To Family And Friends In These Estranged Times–, Aaron Francis Ward

Japanese Society and Culture

Mono no aware is considered to be one of the central-most Japanese aesthetics and distinctive to Japanese identity (Keene 1995; Miller 2011). This aesthetic standpoint finds wistful beauty in the transient, and is most often translated to ‘beauty in pathos’ or ‘the ah-ness of things’ (Hume 1995), as exemplified in the Heian-era classic, The Tale of Genji (Murasaki 1981). To the outside world, mono no aware is most commonly associated with cherry-blossom viewing, where the short-lived existence of the falling cherry blossom is seen as a metonym for contemplation of the beauty in the transience of life itself. Although this …

The “Community-Based Integrated Care System” And Discourse Ethics – From The Viewpoint Of Autonomy And Solidarity –, Koichi Asakura

Japanese Society and Culture

Since the establishment of the Long-term Care Insurance System in 2000, the promotion of the Community-based Integrated Care System has been promoted. The policy of the Long-term Care Insurance System sets in-home care services before reducing the economic burden in this country. However, this idea is not used in the latest report. The policy that individuals requiring care and terminal stage patients be sent into a large-scale accommodation in a depopulated area and live there until they die, is not adopted because of the belief or philosophy of the foundation of respect for dignity. In this study, I discuss the …

Acceptance Of Modern International Law In Japan, Motoyasu Nozawa

Japanese Society and Culture

From the end of the Edo period to the beginning of the Meiji period, there was almost no knowledge of international law in the government. I have examined, under these circumstances, how Japan accepted and applied modern international law through several events and national practices. I also discussed how international jurists were born, what role they played in the development of international law, and what influence they had on the subsequent development of modern international law in Japan.

Pandemics And The Protection Of Privacy And Personal Information: Issues With Regard To The Use And Protection Of Information On The Basis Of Improving Public Health In The Fight Against Infectious Diseases, Fumio Shimpo

Japanese Society and Culture

In order to make use of the response to the new the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) for pandemic countermeasures due to infectious diseases that may have a serious impact on the lives and health of the people, which may occur in the future, the handling of personal information and the protection of privacy necessary to ensure the effectiveness of countermeasures against infectious diseases will be examined. This paper intends to establish to comprehensively understand the systems for the collection and publication of information related to infectious diseases based on the Infectious Diseases Control Law, and to clarify the structure and issues …

Time, The Calendar, And Centralized Power In Japan: Relying On The Research Of Yoshiro Okada, Hiroshi Saito

Japanese Society and Culture

When, why, how, and by whom was “time” combined with “law” in Japan? This paper scrutinizes the issue based on Yoshiro Okada’s research, especially his most important works: Nihon no Koyomi and his thesis “Meiji no Kaireki: ‘Toki’ no chuo shuken-ka.” It is thus possible to understand how the political authorities used the unification of the calendar system to demonstrate their power and to govern the lives of the nation. Thereafter, “time” was used as a fundamental and important standard for judgment in the science of law, legalism, and the rule of law. In this process, “calendar (time) and law” …

Agenda For Temple Management And Buddhism-Related Businesses: Focusing On Monk Temp Services And Large Ossuaries, Hisato Nakamura

Japanese Society and Culture

In a previous article, the author examined the revitalization of Japanese temples, which are in a critical economic condition, from the perspective of management strategy. With the exception of prominent nationwide temples and tourist temples in metropolitan areas, temples are in a state of decline owing to a weakening Buddhist culture in metropolitan areas and low population density, among other causes. This paper, too, examines the rise of Buddhism-related businesses, focusing on the now-common tombstone dealers and funeral parlours. Then, the status quo of monk temp services, which have a close relationship with funeral parlours and its brokers, is considered, …

Model Analysis On The Improvement Of Intrinsic Motivation At Japanese Companies, Ryohei Matsumura

Japanese Society and Culture

This study expands on the agency model to analyze how Japanese companies intrinsically motivate their workers. Some previous studies have considered the intrinsic motivation of agents. However, they analyze monetary motivation methods that take into account workers’ intrinsic motivation or a simultaneous analysis of monetary motivation methods and the cost of raising intrinsic motivation that also takes into account workers’ intrinsic motivation.

However, while it is not always easy to change a monetary incentive system, the cost of raising intrinsic motivation is easier to change. Therefore, this study models the cost of raising intrinsic motivation as the only decision-making variable. …

Analyzing The Development Of A Remote Debate Program Using Video Annotation Through A Systems Approach, Ryohei Ryohei Matsumura, Munemi Asai, Hideki Nakai, Akio Suzuki

Japanese Society and Culture

This study aims to apply a systems approach to analyze the development of an education system for remote asynchronous debates. Although several studies have applied a systems approach to various objects, they attempted to improve projects using the approach by intention. However, in our study, the use of a systems approach was an unintentional part of the process, with stakeholders not being explicitly aware of the concepts behind systems thinking. In the midst of the process, a variety of systems thinking methods were partially adopted, making the project more systemic; however, the project was not oriented to follow specific problem-solving …

Restrictions Of Human Rights On The Basis Of Public Welfare, Thomas Makoto Naruse

Japanese Society and Culture

One of the basic principles of Japanese Constitution is respect for human rights. However, the Constitution stipulates “public welfare” in 4 Articles, and recognizes restrictions on human rights. From its text, it appears that human rights restrictions are widely recognized. The debate over public welfare has gone through several stages, and understanding has changed. The aim of this article is to introduce the meaning of “public welfare” in Japanese Constitution, and how it works. After introducing the flow of the theory, this article will examine how it functions as a basis for restrictions on human rights.

A Study Of The Origin, Acceptance, And International Spread Of The ‘Symbol’ Within The Constitution Of Japan: Japan’S Approach To Restoring The Separation Of Authority And Power, Yoshiaki Shimojo

Japanese Society and Culture

Article 1 of the Constitution of Japan stipulates a symbolic emperor system based on popular sovereignty, stating that “The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the People, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.” In the post-war period, the symbolic emperor system of the Constitution of Japan developed in its own way through shrewd adaptation and harmonization with popular sovereignty, within the context of Japan’s particular political climate. Nineteenth-century European monarchies comprised several types of constitutional monarchy, such as the German-style “constitutional monarchy,” the British-style “parliamentary …

The Cherry Blossom And Its Influence On Japanese Culture, Gilberto Mejía Salazar

Japanese Society and Culture

The following research is of a documentary approach, and its objective is to analyze the cherry blossom from a social and cultural perspective, to know the importance and influence that this flower has on society and the environment. Thus, the Shinjuku Gyoen Park and Chidorigafuchi Park were taken as a reference, in this sense, it is understood that within the city of Tokyo there are parks and areas whose purpose is to provide various activities to citizens to contemplate nature, and therefore giving a great show to witness the cherry blossom in its maximum splendour. The influence of the cherry …