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Maternal Medication Use And Risk Of Hypospadias- An Exposure Spectrum Approach, Jennifer N. Lind

Public Health Theses

Purpose To investigate associations between maternal use of selected medications during early pregnancy and the risk of hypospadias in male infants.

Methods We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multi-site, population-based, case-control study. We analyzed data from 1,537 case infants with second or third degree isolated hypospadias and 4,314 male control infants born from 1997-2007. Exposure was based on reported use of any prescription or over-the-counter medication or herbal product, for which there were at least 5 exposed cases, from 1 month before to 4 months after conception, excluding topicals, vitamins, minerals, and products for which …

Descriptive Analysis Of Ebstein Anomaly In The National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2007, Tiffany Colarusso

Public Health Theses

There is relatively little epidemiologic information about Ebstein anomaly (EA) ─ a rare congenital heart defect. Thus, we analyzed characteristics of EA in a geographically and ethnically diverse population.

Data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study were used to study infants born from 1997-2007 with EA. Birth prevalence and prevalence ratio (PR) estimates were derived from the number of affected infants per 10,000 live births in the catchment area. Case characteristics were examined, stratified by the presence of other cardiac and extracardiac defects. Predictive modeling using logistic regression was conducted to understand infant mortality risk factors.

There were 249 …

Sickness, Violence And Reconciliation: Congenital Heart Disease In Iraq, D. Alexander Phillips

Anthropology Honors Theses

Congenital heart disease affects tens of thousands of children and families throughout Iraq, where complex surgical treatment remains largely unavailable. Through participant-observation and in-depth interviews, I investigated the understandings of this disorder among families in two areas: Kurdish northern Iraq and Arab southern Iraq. I pay particular attention to families’ perspectives on causes and treatment of the disorder in relation to historical and current macrosocial forces. Among the families I spoke with, there is a strong connection between the recent history of violence in Iraq and congenital heart disease. This thesis is largely an attempt to understand the uses and …