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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
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Review Of Evelyn Fox Keller's The Mirage Of A Space Between Nature And Nurture, Steven J. Scher
Review Of Evelyn Fox Keller's The Mirage Of A Space Between Nature And Nurture, Steven J. Scher
Steven J. Scher
No abstract provided.
Prayer And Subjective Well-Being: An Examination Of Six Different Types Of Prayer, Bramdon L. Whittington, Steven J. Scher
Prayer And Subjective Well-Being: An Examination Of Six Different Types Of Prayer, Bramdon L. Whittington, Steven J. Scher
Steven J. Scher
Participants (N = 430) were recruited online and completed a measure of six prayer types (adoration, confession, thanksgiving, supplication, reception, and obligatory prayer). Measures of subjective well-being (self-esteem, optimism, meaning in life, satisfaction with life) were also administered. Three forms of prayer (adoration, thanksgiving, reception) had consistently positive relations with well-being measures, whereas the other three forms of prayer had negative or null relations with the well-being measures. The prayer types having positive effects appear to be less ego-focused, and more focused on God, whereas the negative types have an opposite nature. These results highlight the role of psychological meaning …
Review Of David J. Buller, Adapting Minds, Steven J. Scher
Review Of David J. Buller, Adapting Minds, Steven J. Scher
Steven J. Scher
A review of David J. Buller's Adapting Minds.
Mind, Development, And Evolution. (Review Of Evolution And Learning: The Baldwin Effect Reconsidered), Steven J. Scher
Mind, Development, And Evolution. (Review Of Evolution And Learning: The Baldwin Effect Reconsidered), Steven J. Scher
Steven J. Scher
No abstract provided.
A Lego Model Of The Modularity Of The Mind, Steven J. Scher
A Lego Model Of The Modularity Of The Mind, Steven J. Scher
Steven J. Scher
In this paper I propose that the dominant form of evolutionary psychology (which I term “cognitive adaptationism”) can be improved by adopting an alternative version of the concept of mental modularity. I suggest a metaphor of mental modules as Lego blocks. The Lego blocks represent a relatively small set of elementary operations that the mind/brain can carry out. These Lego blocks are repeatedly assembled in different ways to execute a wide variety of different functions. These repeated assemblies correspond more closely to the things that cognitive adaptationists have asserted are modules. Arguments in favor of the Lego model include the …
Procrastination, Conscientiousness, Anxiety, And Goals: Exploring The Measurement And Correlates Of Procrastination Among School-Aged Children, Steven J. Scher, Nicole M. Osterman
Procrastination, Conscientiousness, Anxiety, And Goals: Exploring The Measurement And Correlates Of Procrastination Among School-Aged Children, Steven J. Scher, Nicole M. Osterman
Steven J. Scher
We explore the reliability and validity of a self-report measure of procrastination and conscientiousness designed for use with third- to fifth-grade students. The responses of 120 students are compared with teacher and parent ratings of the student. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were also used to examine the structure of the scale. Procrastination and conscientiousness are highly correlated (inversely); evidence suggests that procrastination and conscientiousness are aspects of the same construct. Procrastination and conscientiousness are correlated with the Physiological Anxiety subscale of the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale, and with the Task (Mastery) and Avoidance (Task Aversiveness) subscales of Skaalvik’s …
Toward An Understanding Of Academic And Nonacademic Tasks Procrastinated By Students: The Use Of Daily Logs, Steven J. Scher, Joseph R. Ferrrari
Toward An Understanding Of Academic And Nonacademic Tasks Procrastinated By Students: The Use Of Daily Logs, Steven J. Scher, Joseph R. Ferrrari
Steven J. Scher
For five consecutive days, at either the beginning or the end of a term, college students (30 women, 7 men) listed daily academic and nonacademic tasks they intended to complete and whether they actually completed them. Students reported nonacademic tasks (e.g., household chores, making telephone calls, exercising, and playing sports) as completed most often regardless of the time within the term. Results from 2 (early vs. later sessions) by 2 (completed vs. not completed tasks) by 2 (academic vs. nonacademic tasks) ANOVAs found that procrastinated tasks early in the term were more effortful and anxiety provoking than any other task …
The Recall Of Completed And Noncompleted Tasks Through Daily Logs To Measure Procrastination, Steven J. Scher, Joseph R. Ferrari
The Recall Of Completed And Noncompleted Tasks Through Daily Logs To Measure Procrastination, Steven J. Scher, Joseph R. Ferrari
Steven J. Scher
For five consecutive days, participants listed daily tasks they intended to complete. Recall of listed tasks served as the primary dependent variable. Characteristics of the task, including whether or not the task was actually completed, did not, in general, predict recall. The one exception was that the rated importance of the task to one's family did increase the likelihood of recall. Individual differences in avoidant procrastination were negatively related to the likelihood of recalling listed tasks. Avoidant procrastination also was related (positively) to false positive rates, the degree to which individuals "recalled" tasks that they had not listed the previous …
Are Adaptations Necessarily Genetic?, Steven J. Scher
Are Adaptations Necessarily Genetic?, Steven J. Scher
Steven J. Scher
No abstract provided.
How Effective Are The Things People Say To Apologize? Effects Of The Realization Of The Apology Speech Act., Steven J. Scher, John M. Darley
How Effective Are The Things People Say To Apologize? Effects Of The Realization Of The Apology Speech Act., Steven J. Scher, John M. Darley
Steven J. Scher
The Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realization Project (Blum-Kulka, House, & Kasper, 1989a) has identified five components of an "apology speech act set": five strategies that speakers use to apologize. This study examines the effects of four of those strategies (illocutionary force indicating device, expression of responsibility, promise of forebearance, and offer of repair) on the judgments made by hearers about the speaker and about the apology. Each of the strategies is shown to have an independent effect in improving reactions to the speaker. Further, the magnitude of these effects appear to be roughly similar for each of the strategies. The things …
Affect And The Perception Of Injustice, Steven J. Scher, David R. Heise
Affect And The Perception Of Injustice, Steven J. Scher, David R. Heise
Steven J. Scher
Traditional approaches to distributive justice have seen the determination of whether or not a distribution of rewards is fair as a cognitive process, with emotion entering the process only as an outcome of a decision that the distribution was unjust. In this paper, we propose a modification of this view. Namely, we propose that justice is not calculated unless the actor feels a justice-related emotion (anger or guilt). These emotions, which arise in the course of social interaction, lead to the instigation of justice deliberations. Using Affect Control Theory, we explain how the justice-related emotions could arise in situations that …
Finding Babies In Many Baths (Review Of Evolution: The History Of An Idea, Third Edition. By Peter Bowler), Steven J. Scher
Finding Babies In Many Baths (Review Of Evolution: The History Of An Idea, Third Edition. By Peter Bowler), Steven J. Scher
Steven J. Scher
No abstract provided.