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Survey And Prevalence Of Palmer Amaranth Herbicide Resistance In South Carolina, Mitchell Williams
Survey And Prevalence Of Palmer Amaranth Herbicide Resistance In South Carolina, Mitchell Williams
All Theses
Palmer amaranth is a troublesome weed for growers to control, not only due to its aggressive growth characteristics that limit row-crop production, but because of its resistance to different herbicide modes of action. The first case of herbicide resistance in Palmer amaranth was detected in 1989 and has since grown to nine different herbicide classes throughout the United States. New herbicide modes of action have not been developed since the 1980s, so proper stewardship of the remaining modes of action is important for effective control of Palmer amaranth. Increased herbicide resistance from states bordering South Carolina have been reported; therefore, …
Planting Date, Seed Size, And Maturity Effects On Cotton And Soybean Growth And Yield In South Carolina, Sarah Holladay
Planting Date, Seed Size, And Maturity Effects On Cotton And Soybean Growth And Yield In South Carolina, Sarah Holladay
All Dissertations
Seed size, seeding rates, pre-emergence (PRE) herbicides, planting dates, and maturity groups are all important factors that growers must consider before planting cotton or soybean. Previous research has suggested that seed size and seedling vigor are positively correlated and having greater seeding vigor may compensate for adverse planting conditions, pest and disease pressure, and potentially injury from PRE herbicides. Seeding rates and planting dates for cotton are dependent on the variety, environmental conditions, and grower goals. Planting date and maturity group selection are also important considerations for soybean growers in SC as in many cases soybean is planted in rotation …
Precision Management Of Inputs In Cotton And Soybean Production In South Carolina, Kyle Smith
Precision Management Of Inputs In Cotton And Soybean Production In South Carolina, Kyle Smith
All Theses
The adoption of precision agriculture technologies and developing specific product use recommendations in cotton and soybean production could help farmers reduce input costs and optimize overall farm profitability. The objectives of this research were to evaluate whether or not the use of variable rate seeding in cotton could increase profitability and to determine the rainfast interval of commonly used insecticides in cotton and soybean production. The first trial, variable rate seeding in cotton, was implemented at the Edisto Research and Education Center near Blackville, SC across five years to evaluate variable rate seeding in cotton. Results from trials in South …
Spatial Distributions Of Arthropods In Soybean And Implications For Pest Management, Anthony Daniel Greene
Spatial Distributions Of Arthropods In Soybean And Implications For Pest Management, Anthony Daniel Greene
All Dissertations
Site-specific management of insect pests of field crops has the potential to decrease control costs and environmental impacts associated with traditional pest management tactics, but the success of these programs relies on the accurate characterization of arthropod distributions within a crop. Although the expense of the fine-scale spatial sampling required for management zone identification in fields may offset the overall reduction in costs achieved with site-specific pest management, the correlation of arthropod counts with ground-based and remotely sensed field attribute data could help to make site-specific pest management programs more profitable. In this study, we chose to determine how insect …
Mapping Genetic Resistance To Reniform Nematode (Rotylenchulus Reniformis) In Soybean, Juliet Elizabeth Fultz Wilkes
Mapping Genetic Resistance To Reniform Nematode (Rotylenchulus Reniformis) In Soybean, Juliet Elizabeth Fultz Wilkes
All Dissertations
Soybean is an important legume crop worldwide. Plant-pathogenic nematodes are common pests that often rob the plant of optimal performance and, therefore, reduce yield potential. Reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is a soil-borne, plant-parasitic nematode found in a wide range of soil textures in tropical to subtropical environments and is capable of infecting soybean. The objectives of this research were to 1) identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with soybean host suitability to reniform nematode using a breeding population carrying genetic resistance from the soybean genotype Forrest, 2) develop and validate molecular markers for use in identifying reniform nematode …
Involving International Students In Designing And Implementing International Extension Tours, Giovani Stefani Faé, Gregory W. Roth
Involving International Students In Designing And Implementing International Extension Tours, Giovani Stefani Faé, Gregory W. Roth
The Journal of Extension
International Extension experiences can provide valuable outcomes to clientele. Careful planning is necessary to maximize the benefits to participants and the potential impacts of the tour. International agricultural sciences students can benefit from participating in these tours and greatly add to their success. In this article, we describe the main organizational steps we used and lessons we learned while planning and executing a comprehensive tour program to Brazil involving substantial contribution by an international student.
Comparative Lipidomic Analysis Reveals Heat Stress Responses Of Two Soybean Genotypes Differing In Temperature Sensitivity, Sruthi Narayanan, Zolian S. Zoong Lwe, Nitant Gandhi, Ruth Welti, Benjamin Fallen, James R. Smith, Sachin Rustgi
Comparative Lipidomic Analysis Reveals Heat Stress Responses Of Two Soybean Genotypes Differing In Temperature Sensitivity, Sruthi Narayanan, Zolian S. Zoong Lwe, Nitant Gandhi, Ruth Welti, Benjamin Fallen, James R. Smith, Sachin Rustgi
Publications
Heat-induced changes in lipidome and their influence on stress adaptation are not well-defined in plants. We investigated if lipid metabolic changes contribute to differences in heat stress responses in a heat-tolerant soybean genotype DS25-1 and a heat-susceptible soybean genotype DT97-4290. Both genotypes were grown at optimal temperatures (OT; 30/20 °C) for 15 days. Subsequently, half of the plants were exposed to heat stress (38/28 °C) for 11 days, and the rest were kept at OT. Leaf samples were collected for lipid and RNA extractions on the 9th and 11th days of stress, respectively. We observed a decline in …
Impact And Management Of Megacopta Cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), Nicholas Seiter
Impact And Management Of Megacopta Cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), Nicholas Seiter
All Dissertations
Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), known informally as the kudzu bug or bean plataspid, was found in Georgia in 2009 and has since spread rapidly throughout the southeastern United States. A known feeder on soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, in its native Asian range, M. cribraria has been commonly encountered in soybean fields in the southeastern United States since its first detection in the crop in Georgia and South Carolina during 2010. In addition, its overwintering behavior sometimes results in nuisance infestations in homes. The primary objectives of this research were to determine the potential impacts of M. cribraria on …
Effects Of Late Planting Dates, Maturity Groups And Management Systems On Growth, Development And Yield Of Soybean In South Carolina, Mengxuan Hu
All Theses
Planting date plays a significant role in determining soybean growth, development and seed yield. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of late planting date, management system, and maturity group on the growth, development and seed yield of maturity group VII and VIII soybean under dry land conditions in the Southeastern coastal plain of the United States. Plant growth and development, seed yield, yield components, and seed oil and protein concentrations were evaluated throughout the season. These experiments were conducted in South Carolina at the Edisto Research and Education Center near Blackville and the Pee Dee Research …
Development Of A Team-Based On-Farm Learning Program While Challenging Soybean Growers To Increase Yield, Vince M. Davis, Linda S. Kull, James A. Nelson
Development Of A Team-Based On-Farm Learning Program While Challenging Soybean Growers To Increase Yield, Vince M. Davis, Linda S. Kull, James A. Nelson
The Journal of Extension
Illinois soybean growers have not been satisfied with recent lagging yield trends. A yield "challenge" was created to blend the motivation and creativity of a yield contest with the learning power of teamwork and on-farm demonstration. In the initial year (2010), 123 on-farm side-by-side demonstration plots were located throughout the state; 81% of those locations showed increased soybean yields through additional management, and 55% of the experimental challenge plots were profitable. Participant surveys indicated that 92% learned a new production practice and that 69% would adopt experimental practices on more production acres the following year.
Characterization Of De Novo Fatty Acid Biosynthesis In Soybean Somatic Embryo Plastids, Karen Clark
Characterization Of De Novo Fatty Acid Biosynthesis In Soybean Somatic Embryo Plastids, Karen Clark
All Theses
A method for the isolation of intact physiologically active plastids from rapidly developing soybean (Glycine max L.) somatic embryos has been developed for the in vitro study of lipid metabolism. Using de novo fatty acid biosynthesis from 14C-acetate as a marker for physiological functionality, the greatest rates of fatty acid biosynthesis were recovered in 3000 x g fractions that were isolated in the presence of 0.5 M sorbitol, with essentially no activity occurring in the 3000 x g supernatant. Plastids purified on 10% Percoll were approximately 70 and 97 % free from mitochondrial and ER contamination, respectively, as judged …