Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Central Washington University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 1 - 30 of 432

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Responses To Sexual Assault Survivors And Sexual Assault Evidence Kits, Loganne Ditter, April N. Terry Apr 2024

Responses To Sexual Assault Survivors And Sexual Assault Evidence Kits, Loganne Ditter, April N. Terry

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Sexual assault and rape in the U.S. are an ongoing public health issue. While approximately one-fifth of individuals will experience a sexual assault or rape in their lifetime, responses to survivors continues to be problematic. Many law enforcement agencies lack training specific to interact with sexual assault survivors, which can result in victim-blaming and oversight of trauma-informed responses. For sexual assault evidence kit (SAEK) completion, nurses can receive expert certification for this examination; however, in rural areas where all services are limited, survivors may not have access to such professionals. These struggles may result in SAEK issues in addition to …


The Malleable Latina: The Construction Of Hispanic Womanhood In Hollywood, Eliana Marie Colletti, Emily Bent, Pamela Fuentes Peralta Oct 2023

The Malleable Latina: The Construction Of Hispanic Womanhood In Hollywood, Eliana Marie Colletti, Emily Bent, Pamela Fuentes Peralta

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

This research studies how Latinas have been characterized in Hollywood movies and television in the past twenty years, questioning who is able to portray Hispanic women, who gets to be considered a Hispanic woman in Hollywood, and what productions look for when casting a “Latina” character. Data analysis includes analysis of films with Latinas as the central characters and the roles Hispanic women play in films. I aim to trace how the perception of Latinas has changed over the past twenty years in film and television in order to highlight the lack of diversity in films and television and to …


Strength Under Pressure: Superwoman Schema (Sws) And Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv) Among Black Women, Jasmin Washington, Dr. Jill Christine Hoxmeier Oct 2023

Strength Under Pressure: Superwoman Schema (Sws) And Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv) Among Black Women, Jasmin Washington, Dr. Jill Christine Hoxmeier

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a prominent public health issue in the U.S., and evidence suggests that IPV disproportionately affects Black women. Additionally, Black women who are victimized may be reluctant to report and/or seek supportive services. Given these disparities, it is important to understand the context of IPV in the Black community. Although the Superwoman Schema (SWS) conceptual framework’s utility for explaining other health-related outcomes, such as mental health issues, among Black women is emerging, its use to understand the experiences of Black women and IPV in the Black community is limited. In this paper, we provide an overview …


Introduction: Special Issue On Gender And Sexuality Studies, Daniel B. Eisen, Aimee Wodda, Elizabeth E. Tavares Oct 2023

Introduction: Special Issue On Gender And Sexuality Studies, Daniel B. Eisen, Aimee Wodda, Elizabeth E. Tavares

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

The articles included in this special issue represent a selection of the thirty four gender and sexuality related projects that were scheduled to be presented at the 2020 Senior Projects Day event at Pacific University’s Forest Grove campus. The papers included in this special issue come from a variety of academic disciplines and speak to a wide range of topics, but unable to be disseminated due to the novel coronavirus pandemic.


Lessons As A Prevention Intern: Eliminating Sexual Violence Through School-Based Programs, Emily Spalding, Dawn M. Salgado Oct 2023

Lessons As A Prevention Intern: Eliminating Sexual Violence Through School-Based Programs, Emily Spalding, Dawn M. Salgado

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Every 73 seconds another person in America is sexually assaulted. For my senior practicum, I worked at Sexual Assault Resource Center, which provides advocacy and support services, including crisis intervention and counseling, for survivors of sexual violence. My goals for my time with SARC included developing knowledge and skills related to being a trauma therapist, learning about how a nonprofit operates, and gaining an understanding of sex education and sexual violence prevention programs. As a Sexual Assault Advocate and Education and Prevention Intern at SARC, my primary responsibilities involved engaging in community outreach events, delivering educational workshops, and presenting prevention …


Perceptions Of Sex Educators: A Qualitative Analysis, Christina Richardson, Hena Mustafa, Shanell K. Sanchez Oct 2023

Perceptions Of Sex Educators: A Qualitative Analysis, Christina Richardson, Hena Mustafa, Shanell K. Sanchez

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

The fear of children getting victimized by strangers is the basis for several current pieces of legislation, specifically Megan’s law, despite the lack of corresponding empirical data. This legislation causes significant negative consequences for those who are on the registry, especially for juvenile offenders as they have unique challenges they face regarding labeling and societal reintegration. As most juveniles receive most of their sex education in school, and a lack sex education is a contributing factor to the commission of sex offenses, this study aims to explore a proactive method of preventing sex offenses. This study includes exploratory interviews with …


Should Minor League Mean Minor Pay: A Student Analysis Of The Public Debate, Mia Isabella Napolitano, Jafrā D. Thomas Oct 2023

Should Minor League Mean Minor Pay: A Student Analysis Of The Public Debate, Mia Isabella Napolitano, Jafrā D. Thomas

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Historically, and at the time of this study’s project, many minor league baseball players in the United States were paid below the federal minimum wage, which has been recently circulating in the media and has been a source of ongoing controversy (McDaniel, 2022). This article is a write-up to the first author’s end-of-term course project, which was supervised by the second author. The objective of the present study was to perform a historical and philosophical analysis of the public debate on minor league pay as well as describe ethical arguments within the debate. This should guide future debates on labor …


The Incompatibility Of Democracy And Equal Freedom, Samantha Koreman Oct 2023

The Incompatibility Of Democracy And Equal Freedom, Samantha Koreman

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

It is commonly believed that democracies are freedom preserving. In a limited, consequentialist sense, this presumption may be correct. However, if someone were to look critically at an application of liberal democracy, she would discover that democracy is not as consistent with freedom as it appears to be. This paper argues that democracy is incompatible with equal freedom as realistic applications of democracy undermine liberty on both a practical and structural level. To accomplish this task, this paper discusses the role of group agents in a democratic political system. While voting allows citizens to express their opinions, voting cannot—in practical …


Rape Myth Acceptance And Willingness To Intervene: A Comparison Of Greek-Affiliated And Non-Affiliated College Students By Gender, Mark E. Pettit, Amber Paulk, Andrea Hunt, Yaschica Williams Oct 2023

Rape Myth Acceptance And Willingness To Intervene: A Comparison Of Greek-Affiliated And Non-Affiliated College Students By Gender, Mark E. Pettit, Amber Paulk, Andrea Hunt, Yaschica Williams

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Fraternity and sorority members are overrepresented as perpetrators and victims of sexual assault, respectively. The current study examined rape myth acceptance, bystander attitudes, and bystander efficacy across four groups: sorority women, fraternity men, non-affiliated women, and non-affiliated men. Data were collected from 912 college undergraduates. Greek affiliated students were more accepting of rape myths than non-affiliated students. There were no differences in bystander attitudes based on Greek affiliation; however, Greek affiliated students did report significantly lower bystander efficacy than non-affiliated students. Sorority women and fraternity men reported no differences in their acceptance of rape myths or bystander efficacy; however, sorority …


Subject Formation And Morality In Film, Connor Sabin Oct 2023

Subject Formation And Morality In Film, Connor Sabin

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

In this paper, I approach the concept of subject formation through the lens of the movie screen. The way in which we interact with the social imaginary created by the cinema is fascinating in that it not only presences us as being an active participant—we experience ourselves in their shoes, our eyes mimic their actions, and we feel their feelings—but also establishes us as agents that determine the legitimacy of the reality that we’re being presented. In this sense, we are not only posited as gatekeepers of the political, ethical, and moral actions of the characters produced, but the reality …


Embracing A Deweyan Approach To Punishment, Heather Lewis Oct 2023

Embracing A Deweyan Approach To Punishment, Heather Lewis

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Kant’s retributive theory of punishment, resting on the notion of desert, i.e., deserved reward or punishment, assumes responsibility of the moral agent. On the contrary, a Deweyan approach to punishment does not assume responsibility, but rather, aims to cultivate it. These two different approaches ground two very different theories of punishment. In this essay, I compare these two divergent approaches, emphasizing their conflicting notions of what it means to treat criminals as moral agents. Ultimately, I demonstrate that moral responsibility is not to be assumed, but rather, is something to be cultivated. The point of punishment should not be to …


Animal Activism And The Ethics Of Terrorism, Jeffrey Pannekoek Oct 2023

Animal Activism And The Ethics Of Terrorism, Jeffrey Pannekoek

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Terrorism is a subject deeply connected to the issue of animal welfare. This has not always been the case. Whereas it is definitely true that some criminal activity has been justified in the name of animal welfare, misdemeanors and even felonies are of a very different order than terrorism. The charge of terrorism can strip a person off their most fundamental rights, even without trial. Animal terrorism has not witnessed quite such a situation, although a number of animal activists who have committed direct action have been convicted for a range of crimes, and some have had the terrorism enhancement …


The Discourse Of The Scalpel And The Limbo Of Non-Identity: Doing Justice To Herculine Barbin, Aurora Laybourn-Candlish Oct 2023

The Discourse Of The Scalpel And The Limbo Of Non-Identity: Doing Justice To Herculine Barbin, Aurora Laybourn-Candlish

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

In this essay I will make a comparative analysis of Butlers reading of Herculin Barbin in Gender Trouble and David Reimer in Undoing Gender. My reading of Undoing Gender will illustrate reflective moments in which Butler herself describes spaces outside of intelligibility. First, my analysis will consist of in reading Butlers earlier work against her more recent writings on gender. Utilizing the same critical lens that Butler incorporated to compare Foucault’s later work against his earlier writing will bring to the fore important tensions in Bulter’s gender theory and her relationship with Foucault. Second, I will describe the discourse of …


Safe Sex For Sale: Is Legalizing Sex Work The Answer To Sex Trafficking In The Netherlands?, Jess N. Gibly Oct 2023

Safe Sex For Sale: Is Legalizing Sex Work The Answer To Sex Trafficking In The Netherlands?, Jess N. Gibly

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

This analysis of Dutch prostitution and trafficking policies looks at the historical background of the current policies and at what effect they have on sex trafficking in the Netherlands. For many years the Dutch have maintained a position of tolerance (gedogen) in regards to prostitution, as long as it did not cause a large public disturbance or health issue. However in response to the globalization of a growing sex industry, and the increasing amount of sex trafficking, the Netherlands has adopted a unique harm-reduction approach by way of legalizing and regulating voluntary sex work. This follows from the idea that …


Spring 2023 Notes From The Stacks, Central Washington University Apr 2023

Spring 2023 Notes From The Stacks, Central Washington University

Notes from the Stacks: CWU's Library Newsletter

Newsletter from James E. Brooks Library at Central Washington University.


Diving Into Correctional Education Program Research: A Systematic Review, Evelyn Roehn Jan 2023

Diving Into Correctional Education Program Research: A Systematic Review, Evelyn Roehn

Undergraduate Honors Theses

In the last three decades, there has been a growing interest in correctional education programming and its effects on the recidivism rates of offenders. Research has concluded that programs such as general education equivalency (GED), college credit, and trade/vocational skill-building work to reduce recidivism rates among offenders. Although current research is widely accepted among scholars, several questions remain. 1) How is recidivism defined, and how does the definition change the rates? 2) How are researchers addressing selection bias in their study, and what impact does this have on their findings? 3) How are inmates with learning disabilities and language barriers …


The Expected Risks And Exacerbations Of Poverty, Mental Health Disorders, And Maternal Mortality From Abortion Bans: A Comparative Literature Analysis, Daniel J. Francisco Jan 2023

The Expected Risks And Exacerbations Of Poverty, Mental Health Disorders, And Maternal Mortality From Abortion Bans: A Comparative Literature Analysis, Daniel J. Francisco

All Master's Theses

Background. Early termination of a pregnancy (hereinafter referred to as an “abortion”) has been debated in the United States (U.S.) for decades, without much regard to the negative outcomes that forced pregnancies have for those assigned female at birth regarding poverty, mental health and maternal mortality. In 1973, access to safe abortions was protected so long that the procedure was done within the legal gestational period and/or was necessary for the health and safety of the patient (Blackmun, 1972). Unfortunately, in 2022, the Supreme Court took that protection away and made it legal for states to determine the reproductive rights …


Exploring Perceptions Of Control Within Offender Cognition And Recidivism Paradigms, Anistasha H. Lightning, Danielle Polage Nov 2022

Exploring Perceptions Of Control Within Offender Cognition And Recidivism Paradigms, Anistasha H. Lightning, Danielle Polage

Student Published Works

Elements of perceived control are associated with recidivism in offender populations. We investigated the application of locus of control to the frequency of personal involvement with the law and to beliefs surrounding the likelihood of future contact with the legal system. We hypothesized that, as the number of sentencings or legal experiences increased, locus of control would externalize. We also predicted that increased legal involvement would lead to greater belief in the likelihood of future involvement. A statistically significant path model suggests that locus of control appears to be a predictor of increased criminality, as opposed to the other way …


Dark Faces In White Spaces: The Effects Of Skin Tone, Race, Ethnicity, And Intergroup Preferences On Interpersonal Judgments And Voting Behavior, Patrizia Chirco, Tonya M. Buchanan Apr 2022

Dark Faces In White Spaces: The Effects Of Skin Tone, Race, Ethnicity, And Intergroup Preferences On Interpersonal Judgments And Voting Behavior, Patrizia Chirco, Tonya M. Buchanan

Student Published Works

Across three experimental studies, we explored how a political candidate's intersections of skin tone, race, and ethnicity affect voting preferences and interpersonal judgments (e.g., warmth, trustworthiness, expertise). Study 1 assessed whether White participants would favor a light-skinned (vs. dark-skinned) African American candidate. Study 2 investigated participant (White vs. non-White) voting preferences based on the interaction between candidate race/ethnicity and relative skin tone (lighter vs. darker). In Study 3, we examined the influence of candidate race/ethnicity on voters’ preferences as well as the accuracy and impact of memory for candidate skin tone. Supporting our hypotheses, White participants generally held more negative …


Revisiting Prejudiced Polygons: Adapting A Familiar Activity During A Time Of Unknowns, Anne M. Ho, Jaime J. Mccauley, Tara T. Craig Feb 2022

Revisiting Prejudiced Polygons: Adapting A Familiar Activity During A Time Of Unknowns, Anne M. Ho, Jaime J. Mccauley, Tara T. Craig

Journal of Math Circles

This article describes the design process behind various iterations of Prejudiced Polygons, a Math Circles activity about segregation. In particular, we frame our discussion around two guiding principles from User Experience (UX) Design in thinking about the interconnected components of a Math Circles session, which includes all the people, the physical or virtual setting, the technology, and the world context. Additionally, we describe how we think about developing a “low floor" and “high ceiling" for math content, social issues content, as well as technology and access.


“Part Of Something Larger Than Myself”: Lessons Learned From A Multidisciplinary, Multicultural, And Multilingual International Research Team Of Academic Women, Kristina S. Brown, Tricia M. Farwell, Sara Bender, Alpha A. Martinez-Suarez, Stefani Boutelier, Agata A. Lambrechts, Iwona Leonowicz-Bukała, Pipiet Larasatie Jan 2022

“Part Of Something Larger Than Myself”: Lessons Learned From A Multidisciplinary, Multicultural, And Multilingual International Research Team Of Academic Women, Kristina S. Brown, Tricia M. Farwell, Sara Bender, Alpha A. Martinez-Suarez, Stefani Boutelier, Agata A. Lambrechts, Iwona Leonowicz-Bukała, Pipiet Larasatie

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Bringing our collective experiences of past collaborations through a virtual connection, we created an international research team of 16 multidiscipline, multicultural, and multilingual academic women called “COVID GAP” (Gendered Academic Productivity) to explore the ongoing challenges and effects of COVID-19. Identifying as insider researchers, we engaged in a two-phase, primarily qualitative research project to better understand the lived experiences of academics during the pandemic. Our past individual experiences with cooperative research informed our roles and responsibilities and how we organized and communicated. This article is a reflection of how COVID GAP has refined our collaborative process in response to an …


Direction Of The Musical: Chicago (High School Edition), Sharon White Jan 2022

Direction Of The Musical: Chicago (High School Edition), Sharon White

All Graduate Projects

This project encompasses the selection, research, casting, production and post-production process of the musical, Chicago (High School Edition) for the all-school musical at Strasburg High School. Documentation includes analysis of the play as a production vehicle, research, script analysis, a record of the production period and a post-production evaluation.


God's Anthology, Lauren Imbrock Jan 2022

God's Anthology, Lauren Imbrock

High Mountain Valley Local Authors Collection Online Content

Chapbook published under name PLATINUM L


An Appetite For Crime: Case Studies Of Cannibalism And The Criminological Theories That Explain It, Eponine Romo Jan 2022

An Appetite For Crime: Case Studies Of Cannibalism And The Criminological Theories That Explain It, Eponine Romo

Undergraduate Honors Theses

One of the most important aspects of studying crime is identifying how and why certain crimes happen. There are several questions one should ask: Why did this event happen? What caused this to happen? How could it have been stopped? Criminologists use various theories to seek the answer to these questions regarding diverse types of crimes from petty crimes, such as stealing a pack of gum to major, violent crimes, such as cannibalism, the latter of which will be analyzed here. The goal is to prevent these crimes from happening in the future by identifying why they are happening now. …


Breaking Free: Detectives Let The Guilty Walk, Cassandra Holcombe Jan 2022

Breaking Free: Detectives Let The Guilty Walk, Cassandra Holcombe

All Master's Theses

In a genre like detective fiction, known for affirming social order, the refusal to enforce rule of law seems like an anomaly. The number of famous detectives who have let a perpetrator go suggests that release of suspects is not a break in genre conventions, but is a wider pattern that needs to be acknowledged. This study investigates that pattern by measuring the complexity of thirteen detectives: eleven of whom release perpetrators and two of whom do not, to serve as a control group. The higher the complexity of the character, the more human the character seems to be. The …


Racism And Criminal Justice Book Discussion: June 2021, Central Washington University, Roger Schaefer Jun 2021

Racism And Criminal Justice Book Discussion: June 2021, Central Washington University, Roger Schaefer

Brooks Library Events

Monthy book discusion on racism and criminal justice. The book for this month is A Theory of African American Offending: Race, Racism, and Crime by James D. Unnever and Shaun L. Gabbidon.


Dean's Report To Library Advisory Council June 2021, Central Washington University Jun 2021

Dean's Report To Library Advisory Council June 2021, Central Washington University

Library Advisory Council for CWU Libraries

Report from the Dean of Libraries to the Library Advisory Council.


Police Homicide: Race And Ethnicity, Christine Henderson, Aimee Quinn, Charles E. Reasons, Veronica Salas, John Vinson, Brittney Warf May 2021

Police Homicide: Race And Ethnicity, Christine Henderson, Aimee Quinn, Charles E. Reasons, Veronica Salas, John Vinson, Brittney Warf

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

During the pandemic, routines were interrupted lives were changed and during this time, many individuals spent more time watching the news to learn more about how long it would take to resume normalcy. When George Floyd was murdered by four police officers, time stood still and the world watched. Outrage was immediate. The pandemic offered everyone the opportunity to witness tragedy unfold in front of them a brutality which happens every day, yet is easily ignored. This article examines the incidence of police homicides of people of color, the lack of law enforcement to seek solutions to their own internal …


Strength Under Pressure: Superwoman Schema (Sws) And Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv) Among Black Women, Jasmin Washington, Jill C. Hoxmeier Apr 2021

Strength Under Pressure: Superwoman Schema (Sws) And Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv) Among Black Women, Jasmin Washington, Jill C. Hoxmeier

Student Published Works

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a prominent public health issue in the U.S., and evidence suggests that IPV disproportionately affects Black women. Additionally, Black women who are victimized may be reluctant to report and/or seek supportive services. Given these disparities, it is important to understand the context of IPV in the Black community. Although the Superwoman Schema (SWS) conceptual framework’s utility for explaining other health-related outcomes, such as mental health issues, among Black women is emerging, its use to understand the experiences of Black women and IPV in the Black community is limited. In this paper, we provide an overview …


Racism And Criminal Justice Book Discussion: April 2021, Central Washington University, Roger Schaefer Apr 2021

Racism And Criminal Justice Book Discussion: April 2021, Central Washington University, Roger Schaefer

Brooks Library Events

Monthy book discusion on racism and criminal justice. The book for this month is America's Original Sin: Racism, White Privilege and the Bridge to a New America by Jim Wallis.