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Full Issue, Vol. 11

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Vol. 11

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 11

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Temporospatial Shifts In Sandhill Crane Staging In The Central Platte River Valley In Response To Climatic Variation And Habitat Change, Andrew J. Caven, Emma M. Brinley Buckley, Kelsey C. King, Joshua D. Wiese, David M. Baasch, Greg D. Wright, Mary J. Harner, Aaron T. Pearse, Matt Rabbe, Dana M. Varner, Brice Krohn, Nicole Arcilla, Kirk D. Schroeder, Kenneth F. Dinan

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

Over 80% of the Mid-Continent Sandhill Crane (Antigone canadensis) Population (MCP), estimated at over 660,000 individuals, stops in the Central Platte River Valley (CPRV) during spring migration from mid-February through mid-April. Research suggests that the MCP may be shifting its distribution spatially and temporally within the CPRV. From 2002 to 2017, we conducted weekly aerial surveys of Sandhill Cranes staging in the CPRV to examine temporal and spatial trends in their abundance and distribution. Then, we used winter temperature and drought severity measures from key wintering and early migratory stopover locations to assess the impacts of weather patterns …

Parenting Paused: Pathological Video Game Use And Parenting Outcomes, Laura Stockdale, Sarah M. Coyne

Faculty Publications

For most people, playing video games is a normal recreational activity, with little disruption to gamers’ emotional, social, or physical health and well-being. However, for a small percentage of gamers, video gaming can become pathological (Fam, 2018). Substantial research has examined pathological gaming in teens and young adults (Cheng, Cheung, & Wang, 2018; Choo, Gentile, Sim, Khoo, & Liau, 2010), yet pathological gaming in adults (c.f.Holgren, 2017), especially in the context of parenthood, has been relatively ignored. The current study sought to address this limitation by studying associations between pathological gaming characteristics and parenting outcomes in a sample of men …

Cognitive Impairments And Self-Reported Sleep In Early-Stage Parkinson’S Disease With Versus Without Probable Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder, Jonathan Trout, Taylor Christiansen, M. Brooks Bulkley, Jared J. Tanner, Christopher N. Sozda, Dawn Bowers, Daniel Kay

Faculty Publications

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with cognitive and sleep impairments. The presence of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) symptoms may represent a worse disease prognosis for PD individuals. We investigated cognitive functioning and self-reported sleep in early-stage PD individuals with (n = 19) or without (n = 31) probable RBD. Probable RBD was defined as >5 on the REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire. Inhibition, visuospatial cognitive abilities, working memory, sustained visual attention, verbal fluency, and episodic memory were assessed. Sleep impairments were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and …

Father Of Man: An Exploration Of The Afterlife In Cinema, Theodore Barrett Burgin

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This thesis investigates five films about the afterlife from various cultural perspectives and seeks to glean cultural insights based on their methods of portrayal. The films include Heaven Can Wait as an example of corporate America, After Life as an example of Japanese domesticity, Orpheus as an example of post-war France, and A Ghost Story as an example of secular postmodernism. Additionally, I examine my own BYU senior capstone film, Father of Man, as an example of Latter-day Saint influence. Apart from the visual choices of these films, which reveal interesting insights as to their culture’s imaginings of an …

An Integrated Model Of Ethical Capital And Relational Wealth Of The Firm, Bradley Goronson

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Key sources of competitive advantage for a firm include its various forms of relational wealth. These intangible relational assets exist because of a firm’s relationship with a given stakeholder. We argue that stakeholder perceptions of the morality of a firm can have substantive positive or negative effects on that firm’s relational wealth. Previous research has suggested links between perceptions of the morality of a firm held by stakeholders such as employees, strategic alliance partners, customers, and communities and the relevant relational wealth held by the firm in relation to those stakeholders. However, a comprehensive model and composite measure of these …

Functional Implications Of Nlrp1 Variants For Autoimmune Disease, Laura J. Westhoff

Undergraduate Honors Theses

NLRP1 is a protein-coding human gene that plays a crucial role in the NLRP1 inflammasome. Variants to the NLRP1 gene have been associated with autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. We examined the effects of polymorphisms at two SNPs on cytokine levels and NLRP1 gene expression in 50 human volunteers without diagnosed autoimmune disease. NLRP1 was genotyped at SNPs rs2670660 and rs12150220 and individuals who were homozygous at one or more SNP were selected for further analysis. Serum IL-18 and IL-1β levels were quantified using ELISA. NLRP1 gene expression was measured using real-time PCR. A strong linkage was found between genotypes of …

Preserving The Trauma Narrative Of The Hunger Games: As Based In The Novels, The Films, And Morality, Rio Turnbull

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This thesis discusses both the technical aspects and the moral aspects of preserving trauma when adapting a trauma novel to film, in specific relation to Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games. The thesis begins by arguing the Hunger Games story as a trauma narrative in its original form, but not so in its film adaptations, and supports this argument by defining the defining characteristics of the trauma narrative–which is voicelessness and an altered sense of self and society, embedded in the internal experience–and applying it to The Hunger Games trilogy, identifying where these occur in the novels and do not …

Pages Of The Revolution: Symbolism In Sophia De Mello Breyner Andresen's O Nome Das Coisas, Madalyn Alice Harper Lyman

Undergraduate Honors Theses

In the midst of political turmoil surrounding the Portuguese Revolução dos Cravos (Carnation Revolution), Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen wrote the anthology O Nome das Coisas [“The Name of Things”] (1977). With this historically significant period as the background of her poetry, Andresen addresses the politics of the time with repeated metaphor, particularly the symbol of paper in various forms, such as a poster or a blank page. Through this repeated and evolving symbolism, she illustrates how the anxiousness and oppression of the Portuguese people turned first to relief and rejoicing after the dictatorship fell and then to disappointment …

Media And The Formation Of Scottish Parliament, Emily Ashcraft

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The thesis explored how media interacts with politics, specifically the Scottish Parliament, by considering the representation of the Scottish Parliament in newspapers from the time the Scots voted for a parliament (1997) through the years following the beginning of the Scottish Parliament (1999-2003). It compared various newspapers from Scotland and the United Kingdom during this time and examined their reporting on the parliament. It also evaluated specific differences between the UK and Scottish Parliaments, where they originated and how newspapers and other media were involved in the conversation. This research found that press representation and media framing is important in …

Automatic Detection And Prevention Of Fake Key Attacks In Signal, Tarun Kumar Yadav

Theses and Dissertations

The Signal protocol provides end-to-end encryption for billions of users in popular instant messaging applications like WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, and Google Allo. The protocol relies on an app-specific central server to distribute public keys and relay encrypted messages between the users. Signal prevents passive attacks. However, it is vulnerable to some active attacks due to its reliance on a trusted key server. A malicious key server can distribute fake keys to users to perform man-in-the-middle or impersonation attacks. Signal applications support an authentication ceremony to detect these active attacks. However, this places an undue burden on the users to manually …

How Responsiveness From A Communication Partner Affects Story Retell In Aphasia: Quantitative And Qualitative Findings, Tyson G. Harmon, Adam Jacks, Katarina L. Haley, Antoine Bailliard

Faculty Publications

Purpose: Because people with aphasia frequently interact with partners who are unresponsive to their communicative attempts, we investigated how partner responsiveness affects quantitative measures of spoken language and subjective reactions during story retell.

Method: A quantitative and a qualitative study were conducted. In study 1, participants with aphasia and controls retold short stories to a communication partner who indicated interest through supportive backchannel responses (responsive) and another who indicated disinterest through unsupportive backchannel responses (unresponsive). Story retell accuracy, delivery speed, and ratings of psychological stress were measured and compared. In study 2, participants completed semi-structured interviews about their story retell …

Multiple Agent Target Tracking In Gps-Denied Environments, Skyler Tolman

Theses and Dissertations

Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are effective for surveillance and monitoring, but struggle with persistent, long-term tracking, especially without GPS, due to limited flight time. Persistent tracking can be accomplished using multiple vehicles if one vehicle can effectively hand off the tracking information to another replacement vehicle. This work presents a solution to the moving-target handoff problem in the absence of GPS. The proposed solution (a) a nonlinear complementary filter for self-pose estimation using only an IMU, (b) a particle filter for relative pose estimation between UAS using a relative range (c) visual target tracking using a gimballed camera when the …

Dialect And Employability: Human Resource Managers' Perceptions Of African American English, Kimberly Michelsen

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This thesis addresses the question of whether different dialects can change the probability of speakers being perceived as employable. It is one of the few that takes this question away from college campuses and directly to Human Resources Managers in the workforce. Using the Matched Guise Technique, recordings of Standard American English (SAE) and African American English (AAE) were presented to forty-two HR Managers from regions across the United States. Using a series of Likert scales, the HR Managers rated the recordings on eight characteristics of employability: four focused on professional skills and four focused on human-relation skills. The study …

Analysis Of Applied Modifications To A Cone Penetration Test-Based Lateral Spread Displacement Prediction Model, Alexander Edward Corob

Theses and Dissertations

This study set out to examine the effectiveness and reliability of six modifications to the Zhang et al. (2004) CPT-based lateral spread model. A regression analysis, distribution charts, and a discriminant analysis are performed to determine how effective the modifications are on the model. From the comparisons and statistical analysis performed in this study, application of these modifications reduces over-predictions from strain-based prediction methods. Unfortunately, the tendency to under-predict displacements on average is also increased.

Teacher Attrition: Work Condition Perception Differences, Scott P. Harris, Randall Davies, Steven Christensen, Joseph Hanks, Bryan Bowles

Student Works

The purpose of this study was to identify differences in perceptions between three stakeholder groups – principals, K-12 teachers, and parents – regarding the effect of workplace conditions on teacher attrition. All three groups agreed that workplace conditions are important, but they disagreed about (a) which workplace conditions are most problematic for teachers, (b) the magnitude of these problems, and (c) the degree to which these problems may contribute to teacher leaving. The greatest disagreements occurred in perceptions of (a) teacher being involvement in decision-making, (b) protection of teacher preparation time, (c) administration’s management of student discipline, (d) adequacy of …

Cell Velocity Is Asymptotically Independent Of Force: A Differential Equation Model With Random Switching., J. C. Dallon, Emily J. Evans, Christopher P. Grant, William V. Smith

Faculty Publications

Numerical simulations suggest that average velocity of a biological cell depends largely on attachment dynamics and less on the forces exerted by the cell. We determine the relationship between two models of cell motion, one based on finite spring constants modeling attachment properties (a randomly switched differential equation) and a limiting case (a centroid model-a generalized random walk) where spring constants are infinite. We prove the main result of this paper, the Expected Velocity Relationship theorem. This result shows that the expected value of the difference between cell locations in the differential equation model at the initial time and at …

Parental Influence On Sedentary Behavior In Children: A Systematic Review, Kaitlyn Albrecht Bsn, Rn, Neil Peterson Phd, Rn, Np-C, Agacnp-Bc, Jane Lassetter Phd, Rn

Student Works

The purpose of this systematic review is to appraise and synthesize the evidence regarding parental influences on sedentary behavior (SB) in children and explore associations promoting parent-based interventions. Prominent research in the last decade has established SB as a health risk, but to our knowledge, no systematic reviews observing parent to child SB associations have been conducted. Inclusion criteria required publication in the English language, utilization of objective measures for SB evaluation, and samples that included the 11 to 17 year age range, thus yielding a total of 15 identified studies. PRISMA guidelines were used to lead the search methodology …

Effects Of Music On Mood During Basketball Play In Junior High School Physical Education, David C. Barney, Francie T. Pleban, Jemal Gishe

Faculty Publications

The incorporation of music in the physical education environment, during physical activity have been shown to be beneficial for participants. Lane (1999) created a conceptual framework focusing on asynchronous music, identifying four factors important to a given piece of music: 1) rhythm response, 2) musicality, 3) cultural impact, and 4) association. The study purpose was to investigate two conditions, with/without the incorporation of music, in the physical education environment on student moods in 948 junior high school students (501 males & 447 females) measured utilizing the Profile of Mood States (POMS) Short Form. Significant differences were observed in the mean …

Novel Host-Bacterial Symbioses Revealed: Characterization Of Wolbachia In Arthropods Of Western North America, Joanne P. Odden, Wyatt Eng, Kelsey Lee, Helen Donelick, Mallory Hiefield, Jamie Steach, Lauren Chan

Western North American Naturalist

Arthropod-bacterial symbioses are prevalent and play significant roles in ecosystems and the economy, and in some cases, habitat invasion. Wolbachia bacteria form symbiotic associations with a wide range of arthropod hosts and can affect both host reproduction and resistance to viral infections. The extent to which Wolbachia infects different arthropod species is fundamental not only to host biology, but also to the health of humans, ecosystems, and agriculture. Much of what we know about the effects of Wolbachia comes from a few key taxa, such as the model organism Drosophila melanogaster and the mosquito vector of human disease, Aedes aegypti …

Front Matter, Vol. 79, No. 4

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 79 No. 4

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Heart Failure Readmission And The Physical Activity Vital Sign (Pavs): Is There A Relationship?, Jacob Aaron Barlow

Theses and Dissertations

Background - Heart failure costs Americans billions of dollars a year and takes a toll on the patients afflicted by the disease. Recent changes in how healthcare systems and providers are reimbursed have motivated them to find new ways to prevent heart failure readmission. There is no cure for heart failure so healthcare providers try to help patients manage their symptoms. Physical activity is one of the interventions healthcare providers recommend for their patients in the management of heart failure. The Physical Activity Vital Sign is a tool that can be quickly administer and has significant validity. Objective - The …

Gender Roles In The United States, Robert Bush

Student Works

Can men and women be separate but equal? In our modern society, equality of the sexes is generally accepted as a fact. However, according to Separate Spheres Ideology, women and men have different spaces in society where they fit best. This ideology traditionally says that women belong in the home and in situations involving child care, while men are better suited for the workplace (Miller & Borgida, 2016). Can men and women be expected to fulfill separate roles in society and still be treated as equals? What positive or negative effects do gender roles have on individuals and organizations? Are …

The Effects Of Premarital Education Promotion Policies On U.S. Divorce Rates, Tiffany L. Clyde, Jocelyn S. Wikle, Alan J. Hawkins, Spencer L. James

Faculty Publications

Currently, 10 states have enacted policies to promote premarital education and counseling. However, no research has documented whether these policies have actually decreased divorce rates in implementing states. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of premarital education promotion policies on divorce rates. First, we conducted an implementation study to understand how well each state implemented the policy. A combination of methods was used, including reviewing the legislative documents and archival records, as well as interviewing academics and key persons knowledgeable of the legislation. Following the implementation study, we conducted an evaluation study to analyze the effects …

Bending Behavior Of Concrete Beams With Fiber/Epoxy Composite Rebar, Kolten Dewayne Rice

Theses and Dissertations

This research explores the use of carbon/epoxy and fiberglass/epoxy fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite rebar manufactured on a three-dimensional braiding machine for use as reinforcement in concrete beams under four-point bending loads. Multiple tows of prepreg composite fibers were pulled to form a unidirectional core. The core was consolidated with spirally wound Kevlar fibers which were designed to also act as ribs to increase pullout strength. The rebar was cured at 121â—¦C (250â—¦F) in an inline oven while keeping tension on the fibers. Five configurations of reinforcing bars were used in this study as reinforcement in concrete beam specimens: carbon/epoxy rebar …

Improving Library Instruction Through Experiential Learning And Experience Design, Matt Armstrong

Instructional Psychology and Technology Graduate Student Projects

The Harold B. Lee Library has been a long-standing partner with the university's Writing 150 GE program. Every semester the library provides three days of instruction, when the students learn about library resources and how to conduct research. This project redesigned the first session where students learn about navigating the library and learning what resources are available. The project combines experiential learning and experience design to create a more engaging experience for first-year students.

Deterring Rodent Seed Predation Using Seed-Coating Technologies, Justin Blake Taylor

Theses and Dissertations

With many natural landscapes undergoing restoration efforts, there is a growing need for the optimization of direct seeding practices. Seeds planted on wildlands are often consumed by rodents leading to reduced plant establishment. Coating seeds in rodent aversive products may prevent seed predation. We tested ten seed-coating formulations containing products expected to deter rodents, namely: ghost and cayenne pepper powders; essential oils from bergamot, neem, and pine; methyl-nonyl-ketone, anthraquinone, activated carbon, beta-cyclodextrin and a blank coating containing no rodent deterrents to serve as a control treatment. Each treatment was applied to Pseudoroegneria spicata (bluebunch wheatgrass) seeds. These seeds germinated similarly …