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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Arthropod And Plant Communities As Indicators Of Land Rehabilitation Effectiveness In A Semiarid Shrubsteppe, Eric T. Gardner, Val J. Anderson, Robert L. Johnson
Arthropod And Plant Communities As Indicators Of Land Rehabilitation Effectiveness In A Semiarid Shrubsteppe, Eric T. Gardner, Val J. Anderson, Robert L. Johnson
Western North American Naturalist
We describe a case study evaluating the ecological impact of Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass) invasion following fire disturbance and the effectiveness of revegetation as a means of rehabilitation in a degraded semiarid shrubsteppe system. The effectiveness of rehabilitation efforts was assessed relative to arthropod richness, vegetation and arthropod community composition, and ground-cover characteristics in 3 habitats: undisturbed, burned and weed infested (B. tectorum), and burned then rehabilitated with native and nonnative vegetation. Arthropods were collected in each habitat using pitfall traps. Differences in arthropod richness were compared using rarefaction curves. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and nonparametric multivariate statistical procedures, …
Population Ecology And Reproduction Of The Mexican Mud Turtle (Kinosternon Integrum) In Tonatico, Estado De México, Rodrigo Macip-Ríos, Maria De Lourdes Arias Cisneros, Xochitl S. Aguilar-Miguel, Gustavo Casas-Andreu
Population Ecology And Reproduction Of The Mexican Mud Turtle (Kinosternon Integrum) In Tonatico, Estado De México, Rodrigo Macip-Ríos, Maria De Lourdes Arias Cisneros, Xochitl S. Aguilar-Miguel, Gustavo Casas-Andreu
Western North American Naturalist
Ecological data directly from the field are important in understanding the life history strategies of kinosternid species in the tropics. Herein we summarize the basic population ecology and life history of Kinosternon integrum in the municipality of Tonatico (southeastern Estado de México, México). From October 2003 to November 2004, we marked a total of 204 turtles and recaptured 118 of them. Mean population size using the Jolly-Seber model was 197 (95% CI 128–416) individuals, with a sex ratio of 1:1.7, biased to females. Males were larger than females in carapace length and plastron length. The reproductive season starts in late …
Note On The Occurrence Of Siphlonurus Autumnalis (Ephemeroptera: Siphlonuridae) In A Montana Spring Brook, Robert L. Newell, Michelle L. Anderson
Note On The Occurrence Of Siphlonurus Autumnalis (Ephemeroptera: Siphlonuridae) In A Montana Spring Brook, Robert L. Newell, Michelle L. Anderson
Western North American Naturalist
The little-known mayfly Siphlonurus autumnalis McDunnough (Ephemeroptera: Siphlonuridae) was collected from several locations in its floodplain habitats along the Middle Fork of the Flathead River in western Montana. To confirm identification, nymphs were reared along with an associated species, S. occidentalis Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Siphlonuridae). Adults emerged from 6 September until 16 October. Habitats are described and the first photos of the 2 sexes are provided.
Avian Use Of Harvested Crop Fields In North Dakota During Spring Migration, Alegra M. Galle, George M. Linz, H. Jeffrey Homan, William J. Bleier
Avian Use Of Harvested Crop Fields In North Dakota During Spring Migration, Alegra M. Galle, George M. Linz, H. Jeffrey Homan, William J. Bleier
Western North American Naturalist
Broad-spectrum herbicide applications and improved harvesting efficiency of crops have reduced the availability of weed seeds and waste grains for game and nongame wildlife. Over the last decade, corn and soybean plantings have steadily increased in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North Dakota, while sunflower plantings have declined. The PPR is an important corridor for migratory birds, and changes in food availabilities at stopover habitats may affect how food resources are used. In early spring 2003 and 2004, we compared bird use of harvested fields of sunflower, soybeans, small grains, and corn in the PPR of North Dakota. Across …
The Ecological Importance Of Extrinsic And Intrinsic Drivers Of Animal Movement, Josh Earl Rasmussen
The Ecological Importance Of Extrinsic And Intrinsic Drivers Of Animal Movement, Josh Earl Rasmussen
Theses and Dissertations
The movement of individuals is foundational to many ecological processes. For example, the movement of an organism from one place to another alters population density at both sites and has potential for affecting the genetic dynamics within the new population. Individual movement events may be in synchrony with overall trends in populations, e.g. spawning migrations, or may be atypical (asynchronous). This latter movement type can affect population and metapopulation dynamics, depending on its prevalence within a population. Nevertheless, given the complexity of interactions, the causative factors of movement are understood vaguely, much less for aquatic organisms. Drivers of movement are …
Large, Wetland-Associated Mayflies (Ephermeroptera) Of Glacier National Park, Montana, Robert L. Newell, Blake R. Hossack
Large, Wetland-Associated Mayflies (Ephermeroptera) Of Glacier National Park, Montana, Robert L. Newell, Blake R. Hossack
Western North American Naturalist
We describe species richness and habitat associations of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) collected during amphibian surveys of 355 water bodies in Glacier National Park (NP), Montana, in 2006–2008. We collected 9 taxa (in 7 genera) of mayflies that were identifiable to species. Callibaetis ferrugineus hageni was collected most frequently, followed by Siphlonurus occidentalis, S. phyllis, Ameletus celer, A. similior, Parameletus columbiae, Ephemerella dorothea infrequens, Baetis bicaudatus, and Leptophlebia cupida. Siphlonurus phyllis had not been reported in the western United States prior to our surveys, and P. columbiae is a species of concern in the region. The identifications of 4 additional taxa were …
Distribution Records And Comments On Mammals In Western South Dakota, Steven G. Platt, Zannita Fast Horse, Thomas R. Rainwater, Stanlee M. Miller
Distribution Records And Comments On Mammals In Western South Dakota, Steven G. Platt, Zannita Fast Horse, Thomas R. Rainwater, Stanlee M. Miller
Western North American Naturalist
The mammal fauna of western South Dakota is imperfectly known; in particular there is a notable paucity of data from Indian reservations in the region. We collected mammals from January 2003 through May 2006 using a variety of standard methodologies, including trapping with snap-traps and Macabee traps, shooting, and salvaging road- and hunter-killed animals. Herein we provide 23 specimen-based county records representing 17 species of mammals. In addition, a photo record constitutes the first report of Dasypus novemcinctus from South Dakota and the northernmost record in the United States. The possible local extirpation of Marmota flaviventris in the southern Black …
Ectoparasites Of The Occult Bat, Myotis Occultus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), Ernest W. Valdez, Christopher M. Ritzi, John O. Whitaker Jr.
Ectoparasites Of The Occult Bat, Myotis Occultus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), Ernest W. Valdez, Christopher M. Ritzi, John O. Whitaker Jr.
Western North American Naturalist
Only a single previous study has examined ectoparasites of the occult bat (Myotis occultus), from which only 2 species of fleas were identified. For our study, we examined 202 individuals, 52 fresh hosts and 150 museum specimens, from New Mexico and southern Colorado for ectoparasites. We recorded 2158 ectoparasites, 634 from fresh hosts and 1524 from museum specimens. Ectoparasites belonged to 10 families and 13 genera of insect or acari and represent new host and locality records. In general, ectoparasites collected from fresh hosts and museum specimens were represented by 4 major species of mite: Macronyssus crosbyi, Alabidocarpus …
Differential Mortality Drives Life-History Evolution And Population Dynamics In The Fish Brachyrhaphis Rhabdophora, Jerald B. Johnson, J. Jaime Zuniga-Vega
Differential Mortality Drives Life-History Evolution And Population Dynamics In The Fish Brachyrhaphis Rhabdophora, Jerald B. Johnson, J. Jaime Zuniga-Vega
Faculty Publications
Life-history theory predicts that populations experiencing different levels of extrinsic mortality will evolve divergent reproductive strategies. Previous work in the live bearing fish Brachyrhaphis rhabdophora shows that individuals from populations that occur with piscivorous fish mature earlier and at smaller sizes and have more and smaller offspring than fish from populations without predators. However, until now, there have been no data to demonstrate that differences in mortality rates actually exist between predator and predator free sites. Here we present the results of a serial mark-recapture field study designed to estimate mortality rates in natural populations of B. rhabodophora from Costa …
Camel Spider (Solifugae) Use Of Prairie Dog Colonies, B. D. Duval, W. G. Whitford
Camel Spider (Solifugae) Use Of Prairie Dog Colonies, B. D. Duval, W. G. Whitford
Western North American Naturalist
Solifugids (camel spiders) are widespread throughout arid regions of western North America and are thought to be important in structuring desert arthropod communities. Despite the ubiquity of camel spiders, little is known about their ecology. Black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) are also widespread in western North America and are important ecosystem engineers, but they have been reduced in extent because of human activity. Here we report significantly greater numbers of camel spiders on black-tailed prairie dog colonies in southern New Mexico. The difference in vegetation structure created by prairie dog activity is likely the reason for the increased …
Co-Occurrence With A Congeneric Species Predicts Life History And Morphological Diversification In The Mexican Livebearing Fish Poelicopsis Baenschi, Laura E. Scott
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding why some species coexist and others do not remains one of the fundamental challenges of ecology. While several lines of evidence suggest that closely related species are unlikely to occupy the same habitat because of competitive exclusion, there are many cases where closely related species do co-occur. Research comparing sympatric and allopatric populations of co-occurring species provides a framework to understand the role of phenotypic diversification in species coexistence. In this study I focus on the livebearing fish Poeciliopsis baenschi and ask if differences in phenotypic traits among populations can be explained by the presence or absence of the …
Assessing Cheatgrass (Bromus Tectorum) Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Using Rapd And Microsatellite Molecular Markers, Michael C. Ashley, William S. Longland
Assessing Cheatgrass (Bromus Tectorum) Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Using Rapd And Microsatellite Molecular Markers, Michael C. Ashley, William S. Longland
Western North American Naturalist
Two molecular marker systems, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellites, were used to evaluate population diversity and differentiation in 4 northern Nevada Bromus tectorum populations. From 80 RAPD primers, we found 16 (20%) that yielded 165 strong repeatable bands. Of those bands, 60 (35.8%) were polymorphic. Of those, 21 met data-pruning guidelines for final analysis. RAPD variation was moderate (x̄ = 0.363, sx̄ = 0.022), ranging from 0.312 to 0.404. Microsatellite variation was similar (x̄ = 0.234, sx̄ = 0.051) but varied more widely, ranging from 0.009 to 0.551. All populations were out of Hardy-Weinberg …
Relationship Between Cheatgrass Coverage And The Relative Abundance Of Snakes On Antelope Island, Utah, Lucas K. Hall, John F. Mull, John F. Cavitt
Relationship Between Cheatgrass Coverage And The Relative Abundance Of Snakes On Antelope Island, Utah, Lucas K. Hall, John F. Mull, John F. Cavitt
Western North American Naturalist
Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is an invasive annual known to negatively impact many shrub-dependent organisms; however, relatively little research has examined how it affects snake communities. Bromus tectorum is abundant at Antelope Island State Park, Davis County, Utah, and could be a possible threat to snake populations. Study sites representing different B. tectorum coverage percentages were established to measure relative abundance of snakes. Snakes were captured from June to September 2005 primarily by using funnel traps attached to drift-fence arrays. Linear regression revealed a negative relationship between B. tectorum coverage (%) and the relative abundance of the Great Basin …
Regional And Seasonal Diet Of The Western Burrowing Owl In South Central Nevada, Derek B. Hall, Paul D. Greger, Jeffrey R. Rosier
Regional And Seasonal Diet Of The Western Burrowing Owl In South Central Nevada, Derek B. Hall, Paul D. Greger, Jeffrey R. Rosier
Western North American Naturalist
We examined diets of Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) based on contents of pellets and large prey remains collected year-round at burrows in each of the 3 regions in south central Nevada (Mojave Desert, Great Basin Desert, and Transition region). The most common prey items, based on percent frequency of occurrence, were crickets and grasshoppers, beetles, rodents, sun spiders, and scorpions. The most common vertebrate prey was kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spp.). True bugs (Hemiptera), scorpions, and western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis) occurred most frequently in pellets from the Great Basin Desert region. Kangaroo rats …
A Comparison Of Two Common Classification Procedures For Economical Urban Land Cover Mapping Using Naip Imagery, Kent Lowell Simons
A Comparison Of Two Common Classification Procedures For Economical Urban Land Cover Mapping Using Naip Imagery, Kent Lowell Simons
Theses and Dissertations
Detailed urban land cover maps are increasingly useful and important applications of remote sensing. Municipal agencies and others use land cover maps and data for numerous critical local planning and monitoring functions and for urban geographical research studies. Because of this, there is a demand for accurate urban land cover maps that can be produced quickly and economically. The availability of very high resolution multispectral imagery is an important factor in enabling such production, as the judicious selection of source imagery has a large impact on the resulting map products. Likewise, the implementation of appropriate digital image processing methods is …