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Articles 1 - 30 of 547
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Water Stress And Hybridization Between Quercus Gambelii And Quercus Grisea, Nathan G. Swenson, Jeanne M. Fair, Jeff Heikoop
Water Stress And Hybridization Between Quercus Gambelii And Quercus Grisea, Nathan G. Swenson, Jeanne M. Fair, Jeff Heikoop
Western North American Naturalist
The historical and environmental forces involved in determining the geographic location of plant hybrid zones have long been of interest. Often hybrid zones appear to be intimately tied to the environment, yet because many abiotic factors covary it is often difficult to understand which are truly the most important in maintaining the position and structure of a hybrid zone. This study uses empirical data and modeling analyses to examine whether abiotic factors are responsible for the location and structure of an oak (Quercus) hybrid zone and, if so, which factors are the most important. Specifically, leaf trait measurements …
Reproduction By June Sucker In A Refuge Population: Successful Spawning In A Lake Habitat, Eric J. Billman
Reproduction By June Sucker In A Refuge Population: Successful Spawning In A Lake Habitat, Eric J. Billman
Western North American Naturalist
The June sucker (Chasmistes liorus) is an endangered lake sucker endemic to Utah Lake, Utah. As part of recovery actions, June suckers were introduced into Red Butte Reservoir, Utah, as a wild grow-out site. Since their introduction, June suckers have successfully reproduced in Red Butte Reservoir, producing a large population in this refuge. I used passive egg collectors (egg traps and nets) and observational surveys to determine the location of spawning sites within the reservoir, and larval light trapping to determine successful recruitment (i.e., egg survival through larval swim-up) at these sites. Eggs were collected between 18 June …
Sex Ratios Of The White-Tailed Antelope Ground Squirrel (Ammospermophilus Leucurus), Indian Wells Valley, San Bernardino County, California, Charles J. Randel Iii, Howard O. Clark Jr.
Sex Ratios Of The White-Tailed Antelope Ground Squirrel (Ammospermophilus Leucurus), Indian Wells Valley, San Bernardino County, California, Charles J. Randel Iii, Howard O. Clark Jr.
Western North American Naturalist
We studied the white-tailed antelope ground squirrel during spring and summer 2006 to determine young-of-the-year and adult sex ratios in the Indian Wells Valley, San Bernardino County, California. We calculated a young-of-the-year sex ratio of 1.45:1 (female to male), whereas the adult sex ratio was approximately 1:1. Our young-of-the-year sex ratio was greater than the 1.1:1 (female to male) natal sex ratio previously reported. Differences between young-of-the-year and adult sex ratios may represent low female young-of-the-year survivorship in the Indian Wells Valley.
New Distributional Records Of The Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus) In Western New Mexico And Evidence For Its Extirpation From The Zuni Mountains, Jennifer K. Frey
New Distributional Records Of The Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus) In Western New Mexico And Evidence For Its Extirpation From The Zuni Mountains, Jennifer K. Frey
Western North American Naturalist
In the American Southwest, the red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) occurs as disjunct populations in coniferous forests on mountaintops. There is a paucity of information concerning the species' distribution and habitat in western New Mexico. I report new records that document and verify the occurrence of red squirrels in additional montane areas in west central New Mexico, including the Mangas Mountains, Canovas Rim, Turner Mountain, Tularosa Mountains, Elk Mountains, Bearwallow Mountain, and Pinos Altos Mountains. I also report observations of red squirrels from an atypical habitat—low-elevation riparian forests. These new records suggest that the geographic distribution of the species …
Short-Term Effects Of Wildfire On Montane Stream Ecosystems In The Southern Rocky Mountains: One And Two Years Post-Burn, Sharon J. Hall, Danica Lombardozzi
Short-Term Effects Of Wildfire On Montane Stream Ecosystems In The Southern Rocky Mountains: One And Two Years Post-Burn, Sharon J. Hall, Danica Lombardozzi
Western North American Naturalist
The frequency and intensity of wildfire in the western United States has increased over the last century, creating a heterogeneous mosaic of landscapes in various stages of recovery. The 2002 Hayman Fire was one of the largest wildfires in Colorado history and was unprecedented for its speed and intensity, with over 50%–70% of the burn area classified as moderate to high severity where much of the canopy crown was consumed. We evaluated the short-term impact of the Hayman Fire on ecological properties in montane stream ecosystems in the summers of 2003 and 2004, one and two years post-fire. Fire significantly …
Field Identification Of Myotis Yumanensis And Myotis Lucifugus: A Morphological Evaluation, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Shonene A. Scott, Patricia C. Ormsbee, Jan M. Zinck
Field Identification Of Myotis Yumanensis And Myotis Lucifugus: A Morphological Evaluation, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Shonene A. Scott, Patricia C. Ormsbee, Jan M. Zinck
Western North American Naturalist
Myotis lucifugus and Myotis yumanensis are 2 species of bats subject to potentially high rates of misidentification because they are often difficult to differentiate in the hand under field conditions. We tested the utility of a suite of external morphological characteristics frequently cited in regional keys to differentiate the 2 species in the field. Forearm length, dorsal pelage sheen, ear color, and forehead slope were examined from 101 bats captured in central Oregon during 2002–2003. Post hoc genetic analysis was performed on tissue samples collected from the 101 bats to confirm identification. Forearm lengths overlapped considerably between species. Only 18% …
Effects Of Rotational Grazing On Rodents And Raptors In A Coastal Grassland, Matthew D. Johnson, Christa M. Horn
Effects Of Rotational Grazing On Rodents And Raptors In A Coastal Grassland, Matthew D. Johnson, Christa M. Horn
Western North American Naturalist
We conducted a 4-year experiment to assess the impacts of rotational cattle grazing on rodents and raptors in a mesic coastal grassland in northwestern California. Live-trapping indicated that rodent abundance declined by 69% on the grazed area and increased by 14% on the ungrazed area. Raptor use of the grazed area declined by 15% and increased on the ungrazed area by 63%. Measures of giving-up density indicated that rodents perceived a 25% higher predation risk on grazed area than on ungrazed area, but raptor hunting surveys indicated that risk of depredation from raptors was 2.5 times lower in the grazed …
Optimal Temperatures For Growth And Upper Thermal Tolerance Of Juvenile Northern Leatherside Chub, Eric J. Billman, Eric J. Wagner, Ronney E. Arndt, Erin Vandyke
Optimal Temperatures For Growth And Upper Thermal Tolerance Of Juvenile Northern Leatherside Chub, Eric J. Billman, Eric J. Wagner, Ronney E. Arndt, Erin Vandyke
Western North American Naturalist
We examined optimal temperatures for growth and the upper thermal tolerance of juvenile northern leatherside chub (Lepidomeda copei). We conducted 2 experiments using the acclimated chronic-exposure method to estimate optimal temperature for growth of age-0 northern leatherside chub (range 12.8–28.3 °C). Upper thermal tolerance was estimated using the critical thermal maximum (CTM) and upper incipient lethal temperature (UILT) methods for fish acclimated at 15, 18, 23, and 28 °C. We also measured stream temperatures in Yellow Creek, Summit County, Utah, during July–August 2006 to compare our results to actual summer stream temperatures. Survival in growth tests was not …
Distribution And Status Of The Yellow-Faced Pocket Gopher In Kansas, Justin D. Hoffman, Jerry R. Choate
Distribution And Status Of The Yellow-Faced Pocket Gopher In Kansas, Justin D. Hoffman, Jerry R. Choate
Western North American Naturalist
Previous research suggests that the yellow-faced pocket gopher (Cratogeomys castanops) occupies a restricted range in western Kansas that is surrounded by the range of the plains pocket gopher (Geomys bursarius), which is regarded as a superior competitor. To determine whether the plains pocket gopher has encroached on the range of the yellow-faced pocket gopher in the past 35 years and to better understand the geographic relationships of these species, we trapped pocket gophers in western Kansas and collected soil texture and land cover data. We used ArcView 3.2 to map the distributions of these species in …
The Biological Soil Crusts Of The San Nicolas Island: Enigmatic Algae From A Geographically Isolated Ecosystem, Valerie R. Flechtner, Jeffrey R. Johansen, Jayne Belnap
The Biological Soil Crusts Of The San Nicolas Island: Enigmatic Algae From A Geographically Isolated Ecosystem, Valerie R. Flechtner, Jeffrey R. Johansen, Jayne Belnap
Western North American Naturalist
Composite soil samples from 7 sites on San Nicolas Island were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively for the presence of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae. Combined data demonstrated a rich algal flora with 19 cyanobacterial and 19 eukaryotic microalgal genera being identified, for a total of 56 species. Nine new species were identified and described among the cyanobacteria and the eukaryotic microalgae that were isolated: Leibleinia edaphica, Aphanothece maritima, Chroococcidiopsis edaphica, Cyanosarcina atroveneta, Hassallia californica, Hassallia pseudoramosissima, Microchaete terrestre, Palmellopsis californicus, and Pseudotetracystis compactis. Distinct distributional patterns of algal taxa existed among sites on the island and among soil algal floras of …
"Pando" Lives: Molecular Genetic Evidence Of A Giant Aspen Clone In Central Utah, Jennifer Dewoody, Carol A. Rowe, Valerie D. Hipkins, Karen E. Mock
"Pando" Lives: Molecular Genetic Evidence Of A Giant Aspen Clone In Central Utah, Jennifer Dewoody, Carol A. Rowe, Valerie D. Hipkins, Karen E. Mock
Western North American Naturalist
While clones of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides, Michx.) in the Intermountain West of North America are expected to be large, one putative genet in central Utah, identified from morphological evidence, has garnered particular attention for its size, even gaining the nickname "Pando" (Latin for "I spread"). In order to determine if a single genetic individual coincides with the morphological boundary of "Pando," we sampled 209 stems on a 50-m grid throughout the putative clone for analysis at 7 microsatellite loci. We have identified a single genetic entity concurrent with that described from morphological characteristics. Spatial analyses indicate that the …
Diet And Sexual Dimorphism Of The Desert Iguana, Dipsosaurus Dorsalis, From Sonora, Mexico, Christopher J. Dibble, Geoffrey R. Smith, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal
Diet And Sexual Dimorphism Of The Desert Iguana, Dipsosaurus Dorsalis, From Sonora, Mexico, Christopher J. Dibble, Geoffrey R. Smith, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal
Western North American Naturalist
We examined the diet and sexual dimorphism of the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis, from Sonora, Mexico. The diet consisted primarily of vegetation, with insect material contributing little to the overall volume of the diet. Plant matter was restricted to leaves and seeds. Animal prey consisted mostly of ants, termites, and beetles. Males and females did not differ significantly in snout–vent length, head length, or head width. These results confirm that in general D. dorsalis is herbivorous and not sexually dimorphic through much of its range.
Examinamos la dieta y dimorfismo sexual de la Iguana del Desierto, Dipsosaurus dorsalis, en Sonora, …
Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma Cepedianum) Expansion And Reproduction In The Upper Colorado River Basin, Sam T. Finney, Mark H. Fuller
Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma Cepedianum) Expansion And Reproduction In The Upper Colorado River Basin, Sam T. Finney, Mark H. Fuller
Western North American Naturalist
Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) were introduced into the Colorado River Basin circa 1996 via an unintentional contaminated stocking. Gizzard shad were collected throughout much of the Upper Colorado River Basin in 2005, 2006, and 2007. These collections document a rapid range expansion of this introduced species and a threat to intact fisheries.
Distribution, Abundance, And Genetic Population Structure Of Wood River Sculpin, Cottus Leiopomus, Kevin A. Meyer, Daniel J. Schill, Matthew R. Campbell, Christine C. Kozfkay
Distribution, Abundance, And Genetic Population Structure Of Wood River Sculpin, Cottus Leiopomus, Kevin A. Meyer, Daniel J. Schill, Matthew R. Campbell, Christine C. Kozfkay
Western North American Naturalist
The Wood River sculpin Cottus leiopomus is endemic to the Wood River Basin in central Idaho and is a nongame species of concern because of its limited distribution. However, status and genetic population structure, 2 factors often central to the conservation and management of species of concern, have not been assessed for this species. We used backpack electrofishers to survey streams that were small enough (i.e., <10 m wide) to collect quantitative distribution and abundance data for Wood River sculpin, and we used mitochondrial DNA control region sequencing to investigate the distribution of genetic variation across the species' range. Of the 102 study sites surveyed, 20 sites (20%) had Wood River sculpin present, including 50%, 15%, and 0% of the sites predicted a priori to contain, possibly contain, or not contain the sculpin, respectively. Native redband trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri were present at 21 study sites, including 18 of the 20 sites that contained Wood River …10>
Introduction To California Birdlife By Jules Evens And Ian Tait, Clayton M. White
Introduction To California Birdlife By Jules Evens And Ian Tait, Clayton M. White
Western North American Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Unnatural Landscapes: Tracking Invasive Species By Ceiridwen Terrill, Howard O. Clark Jr.
Unnatural Landscapes: Tracking Invasive Species By Ceiridwen Terrill, Howard O. Clark Jr.
Western North American Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Book Review: Lenin In Zurich, Axel Fair-Schulz, Katherine French
Book Review: Lenin In Zurich, Axel Fair-Schulz, Katherine French
Swiss American Historical Society Review
The recent death of Alexander Solzhenitsyn on August 3rd of this year might prompt a fresh look at that writer's oeuvre. While Solzhenitsyn is mainly associated with well known works, such as One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich and The Gulag Archipelago, one should not neglect his less widely known books. Among those is his Lenin in Zurich. This volume should be of particular interest to readers engaged with all things Swiss, given its overt subject matter. One learns much about Switzerland in the early years of the last century as a major locus for Russian emigres. Solzhenitsyn …
The Battle Of Morgarten In 1315: An Essential Incident In The Founding Of The Swiss State, Albert Winkler
The Battle Of Morgarten In 1315: An Essential Incident In The Founding Of The Swiss State, Albert Winkler
Swiss American Historical Society Review
Political realities in the German Empire at the beginning of the fourteenth century were harsh, and communities that wanted to gain or maintain their autonomy had to deal with serious external threats. Most frequently, this meant that military success was essential for survival. Many forces vied for authority, influence, and domination over the regions that formed the Swiss Confederation, which later developed into the modem state of Switzerland. The largest threat to Swiss sovereignty in this period was factions of nobles, most importantly the house of Habsburg, which were expanding their control over the region. By the early fourteenth century, …
Book Review: The Boat Is Full: Swiss Asylum Denied, Richard Hacken
Book Review: The Boat Is Full: Swiss Asylum Denied, Richard Hacken
Swiss American Historical Society Review
Das Boot ist voll (sometimes translated as "The Lifeboat is Full"), directed by Markus Imhoof, is a notable accomplishment in Swiss cinema of the late 20th century. It received the Silver Berlin Bear for Outstanding Single Achievement in 1981 at the Berlin International Film Festival, and the following year it was nominated for an Academy A ward in the category of Best Foreign Film. These honors presumably sprang not merely from recognition of Imhoof' s courage in recalibrating the past, in putting an alternate face on the Holocaust, and in documenting Swiss refugee policies during the Second World War. These …
Book Review: Switzerland, National Socialism And The Second World War: Final Report, Joy Laudie
Book Review: Switzerland, National Socialism And The Second World War: Final Report, Joy Laudie
Swiss American Historical Society Review
In December of 1996, bowing to foreign pressure and criticism concerning the Swiss handling of dormant World War Two financial accounts, the Swiss government mandated an investigation. The Independent Commission of Experts Switzerland - Second World War (ICE) was given broad power to look into the scope and fate of assets acquired during the Nazi dictatorship of Europe. This was an unprecedented move that allowed private records to be viewed with scrutiny. Swiss companies that had operated during the period in question were required to allow access of their archives and banned from destroying any relevant documents. After five years …
Book Review: James Joyce: The Last Journey, Robert Means
Book Review: James Joyce: The Last Journey, Robert Means
Swiss American Historical Society Review
Although, James Joyce once had to make a large deposit in a Swiss bank to ensure that he and his family would not become welfare cases of the Swiss government (Edel 33) - this was in 1940 when Joyce and his family fled Paris for Zurich - it's not the city's financial reputation that is the most important connection that Zurich has to the life and work of the author of Ulysses and Finnegans Wake. Zurich, with its deserved reputation as a cosmopolitan haven for exiles, as a center of medicine, and as the birthplace of psychoanalysis, provided Joyce with …
Book Review: School For Genius - The Story Of The Eth, The Swiss Federal Institute Oftechnology,From 1855 To The Present, Heinrich Medicus
Book Review: School For Genius - The Story Of The Eth, The Swiss Federal Institute Oftechnology,From 1855 To The Present, Heinrich Medicus
Swiss American Historical Society Review
In various rank listings of the world's universities most of the top places are occupied by institutions in the English speaking world. The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich is one of the few breaking into these prestigious positions. (The sister institute in Lausanne is much younger and smaller, hence did not yet have time enough to grow to fame.) However, in many people's view, ETH in Zurich is not as well known in the United States as it should deserve.
Biogeography Of Aquatic And Semiaquatic Heteroptera In The Grand Canyon Ecoregion, Southwestern Usa, Lawrence E. Stevens, John T. Polhemus
Biogeography Of Aquatic And Semiaquatic Heteroptera In The Grand Canyon Ecoregion, Southwestern Usa, Lawrence E. Stevens, John T. Polhemus
Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist
We examined the biogeography of aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera (ASH) in the Grand Canyon (GC) ecoregion (GCE) on and adjacent to the southern Colorado Plateau. We report 89 ASH taxa in 86 species, 37 genera, and 14 families in the GCE, including 54 ASH taxa detected within or on the rims of GC and its major tributaries, a fauna 3.8-fold greater than previously reported. We tested 2 groups of biogeographic hypotheses to account for this high level of diversity, demonstrating an underlying pattern of mixed biogeographic affinity and strong landform-climate effects. Equal numbers of ASH taxa were derived from allochthonous …