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Air Force Institute of Technology

Theses/Dissertations

1993

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An Analysis Of Fm Jamming And Noise Quality Measures, Timothy N. Taylor Dec 1993

An Analysis Of Fm Jamming And Noise Quality Measures, Timothy N. Taylor

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis provides a description of FM-by-noise jamming, both at RF and at the output of the radar receiver, in terms of spectra, time-domain waveforms, and univariate probability density of amplitude. Particular emphasis is given to the case where the peak frequency deviation of the FM modulator is sufficiently small that Woodward's Theorem does not provide a good approximation of the RF spectrum. Additionally, noise quality measures which have been used to measure noise quality of radar jammers are considered theoretically and experimentally, and it is concluded that a noise measure which incorporates both a spectral measure and a probability …

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Handwritten Word Recognition Based On Fourier Coefficients, Gary F. Shartle Dec 1993

Handwritten Word Recognition Based On Fourier Coefficients, Gary F. Shartle

Theses and Dissertations

A machine which can read unconstrained words remains an unsolved problem. For example, automatic entry o handwritten documents into a computer is yet to be accomplished. Most systems attempt to segment letters o a word and read words one character at a time. Segmenting a handwritten word is very difficult and often, the confidence of the results is low. Another method which avoids segmentation altogether is to treat each word as a whole. This research investigates the use of Fourier Transform coefficients, computed from the whole word, for the recognition of handwritten words. To test this concept, the particular pattern …

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Information Requirements For The Air Force Institute Of Technology Under A Fee-For-Service Concept, Jerry A. Cole, Patricia C. Cruz Dec 1993

Information Requirements For The Air Force Institute Of Technology Under A Fee-For-Service Concept, Jerry A. Cole, Patricia C. Cruz

Theses and Dissertations

Due to the current shift in national defense strategy, the DoD is going to have to perform new roles and missions with major reductions in resources. One of the major initiatives committed to achieving savings is Corporate Information Management, a broad program designed to help the DoD operate more efficiently by application of successful private sector business practices and better application of information technology. To meet the challenge of operating in a business-like environment AFIT must be able to maximize its competitiveness to provide customers with the quality and types of services they desire. To accomplish this task, information technology …

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Creation Of Prototype Aircrew Protection Equipment Based On Face Anthropometry, Martin E. Piccus, Gary A. Smith, Brian K. Standley, Tami L. Volk, Linda B. Wildes Dec 1993

Creation Of Prototype Aircrew Protection Equipment Based On Face Anthropometry, Martin E. Piccus, Gary A. Smith, Brian K. Standley, Tami L. Volk, Linda B. Wildes

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research is to develop a process which will analyze and group human faces, concentrating on the oxygen mask seal area, into a minimum number of generic yet distinct face types. The shape and size, or form, of the face is described by bending energies. This bending energy provides the features for the grouping of similar face types, while distinguishing representatives for each cluster. The face tariffs are the percentage of faces grouped under a representative face. The representative faces are then transformed Into three-dimensional solids using computer-aided design. A rapid prototype creates the solids or plugs …

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Filtering, Coding, And Compression With Malvar Wavelets, Stephen R. Hall Dec 1993

Filtering, Coding, And Compression With Malvar Wavelets, Stephen R. Hall

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis develops and evaluates a number of new concepts and tools for the analysis of signals using Malvar wavelets lapped orthogonal transforms . Windowing, often employed as a spectral estimation technique, can result in irreparable distortions in the transformed signal. By utilizing the Malvar wavelet, any signal distortion resulting from the transformation can be eliminated or cancelled during reconstruction. This is accomplished by placing conditions on the window and the basis function and then incorporating the window into the orthonormal representation. Paradigms for both a complex-valued and a real-valued Malvar wavelet are summarized. I-lie algorithms for the wavelets were …

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An Analysis Of The Root Causes Of Delays And Deficiencies In The Development Of Embedded Software For Air Force Weapon Systems, Jay R. Hopkins, Curtis De Keyrel Dec 1993

An Analysis Of The Root Causes Of Delays And Deficiencies In The Development Of Embedded Software For Air Force Weapon Systems, Jay R. Hopkins, Curtis De Keyrel

Theses and Dissertations

The importance of embedded software, used in every subsystem of ah major weapon systems used by the United States Air Force, has increased drastically over the last decades. However, in spite of the regulations currently in existence, developing and acquiring software which meets the user requirements within the original cost and schedule estimates continues to be difficult. At the same time, the Air Force has pushed to improve the development process with the Total Quality Management TQM program. The primary method used to improve the process has been to create metrics, collect data on these metrics, and then perform a …

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A Methodology To Assess The Impact Of The Global Positioning System On Air Combat Outcomes, Stephen F. Sovaiko Dec 1993

A Methodology To Assess The Impact Of The Global Positioning System On Air Combat Outcomes, Stephen F. Sovaiko

Theses and Dissertations

The Air Force has a requirement to quantify the force enhancement effects of military space systems, but no methodology currently exists for the measurement of their contribution to air combat outcome. This research examines the Global Positioning System GPS and models its influence on air-to-ground combat. The decision analysis technique of influence diagrams is used to identify the effects of GPS launch decisions and constellation size on the navigation accuracy available to air combatants. The effect of accuracy variations on combat outcome is shown by using a value tree to identify the affected campaign Measures of Effectiveness. The study reveals …

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Guidelines For Ensuring Software Supportability In Systems Developed Under The Integrated Weapon System Management Concept, Forrest F. Butts Iii, Anthony C. Johndro Dec 1993

Guidelines For Ensuring Software Supportability In Systems Developed Under The Integrated Weapon System Management Concept, Forrest F. Butts Iii, Anthony C. Johndro

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis studied the software maintenance planning and practices of the pilot Integrated Weapon System Management IWSM programs. Before IWSM, a System Program Office SPO acquired an Air Force weapon system then passed it to an Air Logistics Center ALC for follow-on support. The ALC was forced to maintain the software despite its questionable maintainability. The SPO de- emphasized maintainability because maintenance was an ALC responsibility and building maintainable software increased development costs and lengthened schedules. The IWSM philosophy closes the gap between development and maintenance. A System Program Director SPD, who oversees both system development and maintenance, has an …

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Plan For Implementation Of Total Quality Management In The Republic Of China Air Force, Meng-Chun Chao Dec 1993

Plan For Implementation Of Total Quality Management In The Republic Of China Air Force, Meng-Chun Chao

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to build a plan for implementation of Total Quality Management in the Republic of China Air Force. The primary TQM elements are reviewed through definitions, advantages, principles, tools and techniques, education and training, and continuous improvement. In order to establish a TQM plan, the related experience of quality improvement in the U.S. DOD are referenced. The characteristics of ROCAF related to TQM are analyzed and related culture issues are mentioned. The implementation plan includes four parts, top management orientation, TQM structure establishment, empowerment, and continuous improvement. A Chinese view of TQM continuous improvement models …

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An Investigation Of The Defense Logistics Agency's Dedicated Truck Program, Theresa O. Cantrell, Walter Van Daele Dec 1993

An Investigation Of The Defense Logistics Agency's Dedicated Truck Program, Theresa O. Cantrell, Walter Van Daele

Theses and Dissertations

In 1990, the Department of Defense purchased medical materiel from the Defense Logistics Agency totaling approximately 1 billion dollars. Congress has directed the Department of Defense to examine civilian health-care practices to reduce the costs. Just-in-Time inventory management is one of those practices. Research on Just-in-Time inventory for military facilities raised several concerns about its capability to support the military mission. However, there are many facets of Just-in-Time management that can be adopted without compromise of wartime capabilities. This research identifies the results of the change in the Defense Logistics Agencys policy on delivery of medical materiel to Department of …

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Air Force Information Management (Im): A 1993 Snapshot Of Current And Projected Roles Of Enlisted Information Managers, Mary E. Duncan, Ted L. Roberts Dec 1993

Air Force Information Management (Im): A 1993 Snapshot Of Current And Projected Roles Of Enlisted Information Managers, Mary E. Duncan, Ted L. Roberts

Theses and Dissertations

This study provides a preliminary view of the level of familiarity enlisted information managers have of changing roles, responsibilities, and initiatives within the Information Management career field. Using a three-phase investigative methodology that combined e-mail, interviews, and mail surveys, the authors addressed the changing roles and responsibilities of enlisted information managers and their familiarity with these changes. This study found that although individuals agree that the role is changing and expanding, many are performing the traditional administrative taskings. The lower ranks still perceive themselves as clerks, whereas senior enlisted members consider themselves managers. Although the career field name changed to …

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Information Sharing Within The Coea Process, Constance S. Maginnis, Michael J. Monroe Dec 1993

Information Sharing Within The Coea Process, Constance S. Maginnis, Michael J. Monroe

Theses and Dissertations

In order to meet the challenges of a reduced work force and the changing roles and/or missions of the Air Force in particular, the Cost and Operational Effectiveness Analysis COEA is used in the decision-making of every phase of the acquisition process. The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense OASD has mandated that COEAs are to be an integral part of the acquisition process. The COEA information gathering or sharing process is not well defined. Areas within the COEA process affected are the coordination of common elements of information required, the data collection, and the generation of possible solutions. …

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Demonstration Of Improved Software Support Labor Estimation For Air Force Operational Flight Programs Through Functional Orientation, Ronald R. Warner Jr., Darrel L. Wright Dec 1993

Demonstration Of Improved Software Support Labor Estimation For Air Force Operational Flight Programs Through Functional Orientation, Ronald R. Warner Jr., Darrel L. Wright

Theses and Dissertations

This study demonstrated two approaches to improve current software support effort estimation models for aircraft software. Both approaches involved a functional orientation not used by existing models. The first approach demonstrated how to orient a model to reflect the block change cycle modification process and how to represent support effort changes over time in order to improve effort estimation accuracy. Current software models do not reflect the support environment or the temporal characteristics of aircraft software support. The second approach demonstrated how to calibrate a model by properly selecting source data in order to increase accuracy. Support calibration is not …

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Design And Construction Of The Aerobot Robotic Manipulator (Arm), William L. Cochran Dec 1993

Design And Construction Of The Aerobot Robotic Manipulator (Arm), William L. Cochran

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis designed, constructed, and tested a robotic arm for the Aerobot Aerial Robot. The main purpose of the ARM is to enable the Aerobot to retrieve objects for use in an annual robotics competition. Design of the ARM involved synthesizing the characteristics of simplicity, weight, strength, and size. The result was a three-degree-of-freedom manipulator that uses electric motors, cable linkages, and telescoping tubes to access a work space below the Aerobot. Forward and inverse kinematics were investigated to enable automation of the ARM. Data was collected from infrared sensors to validate the model. Manipulation of the ARM is presently …

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Air Pollution Transport Modeling, David M. Paal Dec 1993

Air Pollution Transport Modeling, David M. Paal

Theses and Dissertations

This research effort addresses modeling of the transportation of air pollution in the atmosphere and the numerical analysis of the partial differential equations used in such modeling. Three Gaussian models are examined and compared using example problems. Several finite difference schemes are developed to solve the partial differential equations used in air pollution transport modeling. This study examines three Gaussian models SCREEN, AFTOX, and the program GAUSPLUM. The model GAUSPLUM is developed in this study and uses the Ada programming language and the analytic solution to the advection- diffusion equation. Numerical analysis of the partial differential equations PDE used in …

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Control Of A Large Space Structure Using Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation And Control Techniques, Gregory J. Schiller Dec 1993

Control Of A Large Space Structure Using Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation And Control Techniques, Gregory J. Schiller

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis is to apply moving-bank multiple model adaptive estimation and control MMAEMMAC algorithms to an actual space structure SPICE being examined at Phillips Laboratory at Kirtland AFB, NM. The structure consists of a large platform and a smaller platform connected by three legs in a tripod fashion. Kalman filtering and LQG control techniques are utilized as the primary design tool. Implementing a bank of filters increases the robustness of the LQG controller when uncertainties exist in the system model, whereas the moving bank is utilized to reduce the computational load. Several reduced-order models are developed from …

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Development And Implementation Of A Scramjet Cycle Analysis Code With A Finite-Rate-Chemistry Combustion Model For Use On A Personal Computer, Clarence F. Chenault Dec 1993

Development And Implementation Of A Scramjet Cycle Analysis Code With A Finite-Rate-Chemistry Combustion Model For Use On A Personal Computer, Clarence F. Chenault

Theses and Dissertations

This study compared the performance of an equilibrium combustion model to a finite-rate-chemistry combustion model for a fixed geometry Scramjet flying at the flight conditions of Mach 12, 15, and 18 with a constant dynamic pressure of 50,000 Pa. An integrated PC-based code, developed specifically for this study, models the combustor as an equilibrium combustion process or as finite-rate-chemistry combustion process. This integrated program is based on two existing programs, Ramjet Performance Analysis (RJPA) and 3 STREAM. The effects of mixing schedule, combustor length, and combustor exit area were investigated. The results of this study indicate that inefficient mixing is …

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Influence Of Embedded Optical Fibers On Compressive Strength Of Advanced Composites, Stefan B. Dosedel Dec 1993

Influence Of Embedded Optical Fibers On Compressive Strength Of Advanced Composites, Stefan B. Dosedel

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of embedding optical fibers into advanced composite materials. This combination was meant to simulate 'smart structures' that have been shown to sense several different variables in the composite including strain, temperature, and damage. A laminate orientation taken from an existing aircraft structure was used to fabricate sixteen groups of specimens which were subjected to compression testing in an IITRI fixture to determine the ultimate compressive strength and modulus of elasticity. Ten of these groups were fabricated with optical fibers while the other six were control groups and contained no optical fibers. This study showed that …

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Investigation Of Compressive Behavior For Metal Matrix Composites With A Circular Hole, Janet L. Gooder Dec 1993

Investigation Of Compressive Behavior For Metal Matrix Composites With A Circular Hole, Janet L. Gooder

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the notched and unnotched macromechanical response due to micromechanical behavior of [0/±45/90]S SCS-6/β 21 S and [0/90] 2S Sigma/β 21S subjected to static compressive loads at room temperature. The stress-strain behavior and mechanical response in the presence of a circular hole was examined. A clear description of the progressive nature of damage, which ultimately resulted in failure, was provided. The effect of elevated temperature was shown for SCS-6/β 21S. The ultimate compressive strength and elastic modulus were reported for both MMCs. Sigma/β 21S and SCS-6/β 21S were mildly notch sensitive at room temperature. Notch sensitivity of …

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Vibrational Energy Transfer Within The B3Π(0+U) State Of 79Br2 Upon Collision With N2, O2, No, And Sf6, Gregory S. Williams Dec 1993

Vibrational Energy Transfer Within The B3Π(0+U) State Of 79Br2 Upon Collision With N2, O2, No, And Sf6, Gregory S. Williams

Theses and Dissertations

Vibrational transfer and electronic quenching in the lower vibrational levels of the 79Br2(B; v'≤3) were investigated using spectrally resolved, temporally resolved pulsed laser induced fluorescence techniques. Spectrally resolved emissions from collisionally populated Br2(B) vibrational levels were observed for N2, O2, NO, and SF6collision partners. The vibrational transfer was efficient in the nonpredissociative vibrational levels and is adequately described by the Montroll-Shuler model. An average fundamental vibrational transfer rate coefficient of kv(l,0)=3.4(±0.6) x 10-11 cm3/molec-sec predicts the vibrational transfer rates for the 0≤v'≤3 collisions with …

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Developing Realistic Behaviors In Adversarial Agents For Air Combat Simulation, George S. Hluck Dec 1993

Developing Realistic Behaviors In Adversarial Agents For Air Combat Simulation, George S. Hluck

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis describes an initial effort into creating a rule-based, reactive system for air combat simulation. This program uses the object-oriented extension of the expert system tool known as the C Language Integrated Production System CLIPS. This effort rose out of the need for creating and integrating semi-autonomous forces for the Distributed Interactive System DIS. This thesis describes the basic maneuvers a pilot uses in present air-to-air combat. The methodology includes the design decisions, knowledge-base development, phase architecture, and maneuver architecture development. The actual implementation of the selected architecture is described. This thesis also discusses the results of experimental runs …

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Investigation Into Formalization Of Domain-Oriented Parallel Software Development, Daniel P. King Dec 1993

Investigation Into Formalization Of Domain-Oriented Parallel Software Development, Daniel P. King

Theses and Dissertations

This research investigates the conceptual design of a semi-automated platform for parallel software development. The proposed semi-automated environment applies transformational techniques and domain-specific knowledge to a parallel software development process. Domain-specific and software design knowledge interact within the transformational development process in the creation of a software application. The underlying parallel specification language requires a set of parallel composition operators in order to capture an application’s concurrent properties. A set of parallel composition operators is proposed that consists of parallel composition, parallel enumeration, nondeterministic choice, sequential composition specific communication and synchronization variable types are also proposed. A semi-automated environment based …

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Virtual Memory Management And Virtual Bus Overloading On Multiple Channel Architectures, John N. Armitstead Dec 1993

Virtual Memory Management And Virtual Bus Overloading On Multiple Channel Architectures, John N. Armitstead

Theses and Dissertations

Today's computational environment requires the processing capabilities available only through parallel architectures. The bottleneck that limits the potential of parallel processing is communication between processors, memories, and other hardware devices. A proposed multiple channel architecture (MCA) utilizes tunable semiconductor lasers and fiber optic cables that serve as the communication medium between processor, memory, and I/O nodes. A memory management unit (MMU) was completely described and implemented in a multiprocessor simulator. A permutation-based interleaving (PBI) scheme was utilized to reduce the chance of memory access collisions. Virtual bus utilization, number of collisions, and message traffic patterns were studied under various amounts …

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Design Of A Parallel Discrete Event Simulation Coprocessor, Jacob L. Berlin Dec 1993

Design Of A Parallel Discrete Event Simulation Coprocessor, Jacob L. Berlin

Theses and Dissertations

A Parallel Discrete Event Simulation Coprocessor was designed to off- load the synchronization overhead from the processors executing the application. In a multiprocessor architecture, one coprocessor executes the synchronization routines for each host processor. Speedup can be achieved when the host processor executes the application and the coprocessor concurrently executes synchronization routines. The coprocessor uses a programmable microcode control store to guarantee flexibility in the synchronization routines. The coprocessor uses an Extreme Search Associative Memory to support fast Next Event Queue NEQ management. This associative memory uses bit-serial word-parallel search logic to provide 01 insert and retrieval time of events …

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Weapon System Sensor Integration For A Dis-Compatible Virtual Cockpit, Matthew N. Erichsen Dec 1993

Weapon System Sensor Integration For A Dis-Compatible Virtual Cockpit, Matthew N. Erichsen

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis continues the Virtual Cockpit VC research which investigates distributed interactive virtual flying, environments. The VC vl.0 used the SIMNET protocols to only communicate position and orientation over a common network. A simple cockpit instrumentation configuration and limited head- tip display, HUD showed aircraft state. With VC vl.0 weapons or sensors could not interact in the simulation environment. The VC v2.0 transitions from the SIMNET protocol to a partial implementation of the Distributed Interactive Simulation DIS v2.0.3 protocol. Simulated radar and forward looking infra-red FLIR sensors were developed to aid operator detection and designation when employing various munition types. …

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Alternative Architectures For Domain-Oriented Application Composition And Generation Systems, Warren E. Gool Dec 1993

Alternative Architectures For Domain-Oriented Application Composition And Generation Systems, Warren E. Gool

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents a formalized framework for comparing the structure and semantics of software architectures. The framework uses object diagrams for analyzing the structure of the architectures and the axiomatic approach for analyzing the semantics. This framework is used to compare the Object Connection Update OCU model developed by the Software Engineering Institute against four other software architectures VHDL defined by Lipsett, MetaH defined by Honeywell, microRapide defined by Luckham, and hierarchical software systems as defined by Batory. The goal of the comparison was to evaluate the OCU model for suitability within prototype application composition and generation systems. This research …

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Integration And Enhancement Of The Saber Wargame, Karl S. Mathias Dec 1993

Integration And Enhancement Of The Saber Wargame, Karl S. Mathias

Theses and Dissertations

The Saber wargame is a theater-level air/land battle wargame written in Ada that is being developed for the Air Force Wargaming Center at Maxwell AFB, AL. This thesis documents how the user interface and simulation engine were integrated. Integration was accomplished by developing a portable object-oriented database system (OODBMS) interface. The interface was implemented in Ada and tied to an OODBMS also written in Ada. Using the interface, both subsystems were able to work from a consistent database and exchange information. The user interface was enhanced by converting it from the Software Technology for Adaptable Reliable Systems Ada/X Window System …

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Experimental Verification Of Tomographic Reconstruction Of Turbulent Air Flow Structure Using Optical Wavefront Measurements, Bryon L. Pedersen Dec 1993

Experimental Verification Of Tomographic Reconstruction Of Turbulent Air Flow Structure Using Optical Wavefront Measurements, Bryon L. Pedersen

Theses and Dissertations

The performance of an aircraft based optical system is degraded by aero-optic turbulence. The varying index of refraction within the turbulent field causes phase perturbation in an optical wave. In order to compensate for aero-optic turbulence effects, the nature of the turbulence must be understood. Large scale, organized structure within the turbulence has been found to contribute significantly to the overall phase perturbation caused by a turbulent field. A unique approach was devised to determine the turbulence structure using tomographic reconstruction techniques. Tomography provides an excellent means to determine the underlying structure within a turbulent field. The tomographic reconstruction produces …

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Human Visual System Enhancement Of Reconstructed Satellite Images, James E. Treleaven Dec 1993

Human Visual System Enhancement Of Reconstructed Satellite Images, James E. Treleaven

Theses and Dissertations

This research investigated the enhancement of satellite images. The goal was to develop and test a suite of image enhancement software routines to improve the quality of reconstructed images for the human visual system. The primary focus was to enhance satellite features. Enhancement was accomplished in both the spatial domain and the frequency domain. In the spatial domain, routines were developed to enhance image contrast and edges. In the frequency domain, a routine was developed using research into the human visual system. The transfer function of the human visual system was used to develop a filter for frequency domain enhancement. …

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Analysis Of The Effects Of Wake Passage On Heat Transfer In A Linear Turbine Cascade, Kevin S. Allen Dec 1993

Analysis Of The Effects Of Wake Passage On Heat Transfer In A Linear Turbine Cascade, Kevin S. Allen

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effect of wake passage on the heat transfer in a linear turbine cascade. The apparatus used was the Air-Force Institute of Technology linear Turbine Cascade Test Facility (TCTF). The TCTF was fitted with a be Pulley system to facilitate a series of translating bars. The bars, when passed d upstream of the cascade, created a series of wakes. The parameters varied were freestream model Reynolds number and bar conditions, i.e. , bars in, bars out, and bar passing frequency. One blade in the TCTF was instrumented to allow pressure and temperature measurements at discrete points on …

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