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Analysis Of The Effects Of Hypogeal And Epigeal Emergence On Seedling Competition In Legumes, Keith E. King
Analysis Of The Effects Of Hypogeal And Epigeal Emergence On Seedling Competition In Legumes, Keith E. King
McCabe Thesis Collection
Seedling emergence is either hypogeal or epigeal. In hypogeal emergence the cotyledons remain below the soil surface during seedling development, while in epigeal emergence the cotyledons extend above the soil surface due to elongation of the hypocotyl. Here we examine the effect of seed size, and emergence type, on seedling growth. Six legumes with variation in seed size and either epigeal or hypogeal emergence were grown under dark and light conditions. A competition study was also conducted where a hypogeal and epigeal legume were grown in combination with wheat and ryegrass. Legumes expressing epigeal emergence were cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), mung …
Impacts Of Small Mammals And Birds On Low-Tillage, Dryland Crops, Ray T. Sterner, Brett E. Petersen, Stanley E. Gaddis, Kenneth L. Tope, David J. Poss
Impacts Of Small Mammals And Birds On Low-Tillage, Dryland Crops, Ray T. Sterner, Brett E. Petersen, Stanley E. Gaddis, Kenneth L. Tope, David J. Poss
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
During 2000–2001, small mammals, birds, and potential corn/soybean damage were studied at a low-tillage, non-irrigated agricultural research site in the Colorado Piedmont. A small mammal surveyinvolved four trapping sessions and 18, 12-live-trap grids each. Within years, two grids each were placed at random, fixed locations in experimental corn, fallow, millet, pea, soybean, sunflower, and wheat plots at the site; two off-plot grids each were set at random, fixed locations <100m from the north and south edge of these plots. In 2001, periodic bird observations were conducted, and damage to corn and soybean plants was assessed. Capture rates were low during all trap sessions (range 0.1%–3.3%, Χ̅ = 2:2%). Sixty-three small mammals were captured and 39 were recaptured. Captures included deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), northern grasshopper mouse (Onychomys leucogaster), thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus), and western harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis). Deer mice accounted for 56 of …