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Articles 1 - 30 of 37
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Basal Topography And Carbon Accumulation Rate Of A Rare Northern California Coastal Fen, Sarah Leidinger
Basal Topography And Carbon Accumulation Rate Of A Rare Northern California Coastal Fen, Sarah Leidinger
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
Increasingly, the importance of peatlands as biodiversity hotpots, year-round water storage features, and significant carbon sinks are being recognized. Despite this, they are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems globally. While some peatland conservation and restoration initiatives are being developed, a greater understanding of small peatlands is needed to make management decisions. This study aims to determine the timing of peat formation, peat volume, and carbon accumulation rates of the Conspicuous Scoop Fen, a small (2.1-acre) fen near Bridgeville, California (~840 m.a.s.l.). During the summers of 2022 and 2023, I collected 39 m of peat cores at 14 sampling locations. …
The Dynamic Relationship Between Permafrost And Landcover In Northwestern Canada’S Discontinuous Permafrost Zone, Olivia Carpino
The Dynamic Relationship Between Permafrost And Landcover In Northwestern Canada’S Discontinuous Permafrost Zone, Olivia Carpino
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Northwestern Canada’s subarctic is among the most impacted regions in the world as it is experiencing rapid climatic and environmental change. As a result, northwestern Canada has been experiencing region-wide permafrost thaw and disappearance, both of which are also occurring at unprecedented rates. Permafrost temperatures in the Taiga Plains have been warming steadily over the last several decades, which has been particularly detrimental across its lower latitudes of the discontinuous permafrost zone where the permafrost is already relatively thin and warm. These factors indicate that permafrost in the southern Taiga Plains may be in a state of disequilibrium with the …
Holocene Sedimentary History Of South Danamandıra Lake: A Peatland In West Of İstanbul, Çatalca Peninsula, Nw Turkey, Özlem Makaroğlu, Melda Küçükdemi̇rci̇, Nurgül Karlioğlu, Dursun Acar, Ali̇ Gürel, Rüya Yilmaz Dağdevi̇ren, Nuretti̇n Yakupoğlu, Asen Sabuncu, Damla Şahi̇n Altun, Mustafa Ömer Karaöz, Memet Namik Çağatay
Holocene Sedimentary History Of South Danamandıra Lake: A Peatland In West Of İstanbul, Çatalca Peninsula, Nw Turkey, Özlem Makaroğlu, Melda Küçükdemi̇rci̇, Nurgül Karlioğlu, Dursun Acar, Ali̇ Gürel, Rüya Yilmaz Dağdevi̇ren, Nuretti̇n Yakupoğlu, Asen Sabuncu, Damla Şahi̇n Altun, Mustafa Ömer Karaöz, Memet Namik Çağatay
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
This study investigates the sedimentological evolution of the South Danamandıra Lake (SDL) lake in Çatalca Peninsula, 70 km west of İstanbul, using Georadar data and multiproxy analyses of five sediment cores. The lake is a 1.3-m deep, endorheic freshwater peatland, heavily colonised by common reed (Phragmites sp.). The multiproxy core investigations include a lithological core description and environmental magnetism, physical properties (gamma density and magnetic susceptibility), geochemical elemental, pollen and radiocarbon dating analyses. The lithological sequence in the lake consists of an upper peat unit and a lower sand-silt-clay unit. The peat unit is characterized by lower magnetic susceptibility, density …
Molecular Analysis Of The Section Sphagnum (Sphagnaceae): First Study On Turkish Bryophytes Using Nucleotide Sequences Of The Trnl Intron Region, Mesut Kirmaci, Asli Semi̇z, Adi̇le Sari, Özden Özgün Acar, Uğur Çatak, Fulya Fi̇li̇z
Molecular Analysis Of The Section Sphagnum (Sphagnaceae): First Study On Turkish Bryophytes Using Nucleotide Sequences Of The Trnl Intron Region, Mesut Kirmaci, Asli Semi̇z, Adi̇le Sari, Özden Özgün Acar, Uğur Çatak, Fulya Fi̇li̇z
Turkish Journal of Botany
The genus Sphagnum is one of the richest taxa among the Turkish bryophytes. Up to now, it has been represented by 27 taxa in six sections (Sphagnum, Acutifolia, Squarrosa, Subsecunda, Cuspidata, and Rigida). In this study, an identification key for the section Sphagnum was prepared, and the section was investigated using phylogenetic analyses, with a main focus on Turkish bryophytes. This study provides the first sequence data of the trnL intron region for five species of the section Sphagnum from Turkey (namely S. centrale, S. divinum, S. medium, S. palustre, and S. papillosum) to be used in future studies and …
Hydrological Feedbacks On Peatland Ch4 Emission Under Warming And Elevated Co2: A Modeling Study, Fenghui Yuan, Yihui Wang, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Xiaoying Shi, Fengming Yuan, Thomas Brehme, Scott Bridgham, Jason Keller, Jeffrey M. Warren, Natalie A. Griffiths, Stephen D. Sebestyen, Paul J. Hanson, Peter E. Thornton, Xiaofeng Xu
Hydrological Feedbacks On Peatland Ch4 Emission Under Warming And Elevated Co2: A Modeling Study, Fenghui Yuan, Yihui Wang, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Xiaoying Shi, Fengming Yuan, Thomas Brehme, Scott Bridgham, Jason Keller, Jeffrey M. Warren, Natalie A. Griffiths, Stephen D. Sebestyen, Paul J. Hanson, Peter E. Thornton, Xiaofeng Xu
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Peatland carbon cycling is critical for the land–atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases, particularly under changing environments. Warming and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (eCO2) concentrations directly enhance peatland methane (CH4) emission, and indirectly affect CH4 processes by altering hydrological conditions. An ecosystem model ELM-SPRUCE, the land model of the E3SM model, was used to understand the hydrological feedback mechanisms on CH4 emission in a temperate peatland under a warming gradient and eCO2 treatments. We found that the water table level was a critical regulator of hydrological feedbacks that affect peatland CH4 dynamics; the …
Bog Plant/Lichen Tissue Nitrogen And Sulfur Concentrations As Indicators Of Emissions From Oil Sands Development In Alberta, Canada, R. Kelman Wieder, Melanie A. Vile, Kimberli D. Scott, Cara M. Albright, James C. Quinn, Dale H. Vitt
Bog Plant/Lichen Tissue Nitrogen And Sulfur Concentrations As Indicators Of Emissions From Oil Sands Development In Alberta, Canada, R. Kelman Wieder, Melanie A. Vile, Kimberli D. Scott, Cara M. Albright, James C. Quinn, Dale H. Vitt
Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications
Increasing gaseous emissions of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) associated with oil sands development in northern Alberta (Canada) has led to changing regional wet and dry N and S deposition regimes. We assessed the potential for using bog plant/lichen tissue chemistry (N and S concentrations, C:N and C:S ratios, in 10 plant/lichen species) to monitor changing atmospheric N and S deposition through sampling at five bog sites, 3-6 times per growing season from 2009 to 2016. During this 8-year period, oil sands N emissions steadily increased, while S emissions steadily decreased. We examined the following: (1) whether each species showed …
Kesiapan Indonesia Dalam Memenuhi Nationally Determined Contribution (Ndc) Seb Agaiimplement Asi Paris Agreement Terkait Restorasi Lahan Gambut, Bela Titis Gantika Br Panggabean
Kesiapan Indonesia Dalam Memenuhi Nationally Determined Contribution (Ndc) Seb Agaiimplement Asi Paris Agreement Terkait Restorasi Lahan Gambut, Bela Titis Gantika Br Panggabean
"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI
Indonesia has stated its participation in one of the Climate Agreement, namely Paris Agreement, in the context of reducing GHG emission. In its implementation, Paris Agreement provides obligations for the Parties to conduct a Nationally Determined Contribution, in which there are targets to be achieved in an effort to reduce GHG emissions, in accordance with the domestic conditions of the participating countries. Undoubtedly, each state has different priorities in efforts to reduce GHG emissions, including Indonesia. Natural disasters such as forest and peatland fires that often occur in Indonesia are considered by the government to prioritize forest and peatland restoration …
Using New And Long-Term Multi-Scale Remotely Sensed Data To Detect Recurrent Fires And Quantify Their Relationship To Land Cover/Use In Indonesian Peatlands, Yenni Vetrita
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Indonesia has committed to reducing its greenhouse gases emissions by 29% (potentially up to 41% with international assistance) by 2030. Achieving those targets requires many efforts but, in particular, controlling the fire problem in Indonesia’s peatlands is paramount, since it is unlikely to diminish on its own in the coming decades. This study was conducted in Sumatra and Kalimantan peatlands in Indonesia. Four MODIS-derived products (MCD45A1 collection 5.1, MCD64A1 (collection 5.1 and 6), FireCCI51) were initially assessed to explore long-term fire frequency and land use/cover change relationships. The results indicated the product(s) could only detect half of the fires accurately. …
Experimental Nitrogen Addition Alters Structure And Function Of A Boreal Poor Fen: Implications For Critical Loads, R. Kelman Wieder, Dale H. Vitt, Melanie A. Vile, Jeremy A. Graham, Jeremy A. Hartsock, Jacqueline M.A. Popma, Hope Fillingim, Melissa House, James C. Quinn, Kimberli D. Scott, Meaghan Petix, Kelly J. Mcmillen
Experimental Nitrogen Addition Alters Structure And Function Of A Boreal Poor Fen: Implications For Critical Loads, R. Kelman Wieder, Dale H. Vitt, Melanie A. Vile, Jeremy A. Graham, Jeremy A. Hartsock, Jacqueline M.A. Popma, Hope Fillingim, Melissa House, James C. Quinn, Kimberli D. Scott, Meaghan Petix, Kelly J. Mcmillen
Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications
Bogs and fens cover 6 and 21%, respectively, of the 140,329 km2 Oil Sands Administrative Area in northern Alberta. Regional background atmospheric N deposition is low (b2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 ), but oil sands development has led to increasing N deposition (as high as 17 kg N ha−1 yr−1 ). To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a poor fen near Mariana Lake, Alberta, unaffected by oil sands activities, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N ha−1 yr−1 , plus controls (no water or N …
Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning To Characterize Peatland Microtopography And Assess Tree Growth Responses To Elevated Temperature And Co2, Jake D. Graham
Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning To Characterize Peatland Microtopography And Assess Tree Growth Responses To Elevated Temperature And Co2, Jake D. Graham
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Northern peatlands are a major terrestrial carbon (C) store, with an annual sink of 0.1 Pg C yr-1 and a total storage estimate of 547 Pg C. Northern peatlands are also major contributors of atmospheric methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The microtopography of peatlands helps modulate peatland carbon fluxes; however, there is a lack of quantitative characterizations of microtopography in the literature. The lack of formalized schemes to characterize microtopography makes comparisons between studies difficult. Further, many land surface models do not accurately simulate peatland C emissions, in part because they do not adequately represent peatland microtopography and hydrology. …
Processes, Patterns, And Predictions Of Soil Moisture Variation In Upland And Peatland Cranberry Farms In Massachusetts, Rebecca Brennan
Processes, Patterns, And Predictions Of Soil Moisture Variation In Upland And Peatland Cranberry Farms In Massachusetts, Rebecca Brennan
Masters Theses
The American Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) represents a vital sector of the economy of southeastern Massachusetts. Due to the hydrogeological and edaphic characteristics of peatlands, variations in soil drainage and soil moisture represent major management challenges for growers in Massachusetts. An emerging trend of upland (mineral soil) cranberry farms planted with new hybrid cultivars has the potential to enhance the profitability and long-term viability of cranberry production in Massachusetts. However, sparse data exist on soil moisture characteristics of peatland and upland cranberry farms. The purpose of this research was to elucidate the differences in soil moisture between upland and …
Nostoc Colonization Driven By Sphagnum Host Genetic Variation, Megan Nicole-Ujjval Patel
Nostoc Colonization Driven By Sphagnum Host Genetic Variation, Megan Nicole-Ujjval Patel
Masters Theses
Sphagnum dominated peatlands sequester more carbon in temperate and boreal ecosystems than any other plant group. Sphagnum derive much of their nitrogen budget from an intimate symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing diazotroph bacteria, but little is known about the factors mediating this symbiotic relationship. Our research is guided by the overarching question: What are the genetic and physiological controls that shape Sphagnum-diazotroph symbiosis? Partnered with DOE JGI, we have (re)sequenced the genomes of 200 individuals from an S. fallax pedigree and genomes from a Sphagnum isolated diazotrophic cyanobacteria to create a QTL analysis to identify moss genes controlling the colonization. We hypothesize …
Designing The Special Pilot Economic Zone: An Alternative Approach To Revitalize Livelihoods On Peatlands, Ibnu Budiman, Rizky Januar, Willy Daeli, Rahmah D. Hapsari, Eli Nn Sari
Designing The Special Pilot Economic Zone: An Alternative Approach To Revitalize Livelihoods On Peatlands, Ibnu Budiman, Rizky Januar, Willy Daeli, Rahmah D. Hapsari, Eli Nn Sari
Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik (Journal of Geography of Tropical Environments)
Peatland restoration projects in tropical countries could prevent environmental disasters such as peat fires. In Indonesia, one of peatland restoration activities is the revitalization of the livelihoods of communities around peatlands. Nevertheless, this activity is still lacking in reducing the environmental pressures from the communities on peatland. We aim to find a comprehensive strategy to design a sustainable bioeconomy on peatlands. This study draws on spatial, qualitative, and quantitative data from the literature, project and policy documents, open-source web application, observations from the field and meetings; and interviews with key stakeholders at national level and three Indonesian provinces. We found …
Experimental Nitrogen Addition Alters Structure And Function Of A Boreal Bog: Critical Load And Thresholds Revealed, R. Kelman Wieder, Dale H. Vitt, Melanie A. Vile, Jeremy A. Graham, Jeremy A. Hartsock, Hope Fillingim, Et Al.
Experimental Nitrogen Addition Alters Structure And Function Of A Boreal Bog: Critical Load And Thresholds Revealed, R. Kelman Wieder, Dale H. Vitt, Melanie A. Vile, Jeremy A. Graham, Jeremy A. Hartsock, Hope Fillingim, Et Al.
Michigan Tech Publications
Bogs and fens cover 6% and 21%, respectively, of the 140,329 km2 Oil Sands Administrative Area in northern Alberta. Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N.ha-1yr-1; regional background deposition is N.ha-1yr-1. Bogs, being ombrotrophic, may be especially susceptible to increasing N deposition. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a bog near Mariana Lake, Alberta, unaffected by oil sands activities, at …
Biogeochemical And Hydrological Impacts Of A Low-Severity Wildfire In The Wetland-Dominated Zone Of Discontinuous Permafrost, Caren J. Ackley
Biogeochemical And Hydrological Impacts Of A Low-Severity Wildfire In The Wetland-Dominated Zone Of Discontinuous Permafrost, Caren J. Ackley
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Northern regions are experiencing rapid climate warming. As these regions warm, the occurrences of naturally ignited wildfires are increasing in frequency, severity and area burned, calling for a more thorough understanding of post-fire eco-hydrological impacts. Changes in runoff chemistry, and soil moisture and thermal regimes, have been attributed to the significant loss of organic matter (OM) and exposure of deeper soils, leading to enhanced permafrost degradation, ground surface subsidence and the conversion of peat landscapes from long-term C sinks to sources. However, low-severity wildfires often result in minor OM loss. Due to the significant and immediate threats posed to the …
Assessing The Impact Of Submerged Vegetation On Methane Dynamics In A Discontinuous Permafrost Lake System, Abisko, Sweden, Christopher Daniel Horruitiner
Assessing The Impact Of Submerged Vegetation On Methane Dynamics In A Discontinuous Permafrost Lake System, Abisko, Sweden, Christopher Daniel Horruitiner
Master's Theses and Capstones
Across the Arctic, postglacial lakes contribute a substantial amount of the total atmospheric methane (CH4), and their emissions are predicted to increase. However, there is still much uncertainty as to the contribution of northern water bodies to atmospheric CH4 emissions. This is mainly due to the spatiotemporal variability of the predominant pathway of emission from high latitude lakes: ebullition (bubbling). There are a myriad of factors that affect ebullition fluxes, including solar radiation input and atmospheric pressure, which make it difficult to model the impact on regional emissions. Very few studies have correlated sediment characteristics and submerged vegetation density with …
Assessing The Impact Of Submerged Vegetation On Methane Dynamics In A Discontinuous Permafrost Lake System, Abisko, Sweden, Christopher Daniel Horruitiner
Assessing The Impact Of Submerged Vegetation On Methane Dynamics In A Discontinuous Permafrost Lake System, Abisko, Sweden, Christopher Daniel Horruitiner
Master's Theses and Capstones
Across the Arctic, postglacial lakes contribute a substantial amount of the total atmospheric methane (CH4), and their emissions are predicted to increase. However, there is still much uncertainty as to the contribution of northern water bodies to atmospheric CH4 emissions. This is mainly due to the spatiotemporal variability of the predominant pathway of emission from high latitude lakes: ebullition (bubbling). There are a myriad of factors that affect ebullition fluxes, including solar radiation input and atmospheric pressure, which make it difficult to model the impact on regional emissions. Very few studies have correlated sediment characteristics and submerged vegetation density with …
Arthropod Fauna Associated With Wild And Cultivated Cranberries In Wisconsin, Shawn A. Steffan, Merritt E. Singleton, Michael L. Draney, Elissa M. Chasen, Kyle E. Johnson, Juan E. Zalapa
Arthropod Fauna Associated With Wild And Cultivated Cranberries In Wisconsin, Shawn A. Steffan, Merritt E. Singleton, Michael L. Draney, Elissa M. Chasen, Kyle E. Johnson, Juan E. Zalapa
The Great Lakes Entomologist
The cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) is an evergreen, trailing shrub native to North American peatlands. It is cultivated commercially in the US and Canada, with major production centers in Wisconsin, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Washington, Québec, and British Columbia. Despite the agricultural importance of cranberry in Wisconsin, relatively little is known of its arthropod associates, particularly the arachnid fauna. Here we report preliminary data on the insect and spider communities associated with wild and cultivated cranberries in Wisconsin. We then compare the insect and spider communities of wild cranberry systems to those of cultivated cranberries, indexed by region. Approximately 7,400 …
Wilayah Intensitas Tinggi Sebaran Hotspots Di Provinsi Riau Tahun 2005 - 2014, Rina M. Harahap
Wilayah Intensitas Tinggi Sebaran Hotspots Di Provinsi Riau Tahun 2005 - 2014, Rina M. Harahap
Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik (Journal of Geography of Tropical Environments)
Wilayah intensitas tinggi sebaran hotspots di Provinsi Riau tahun 2005 - 2014
Four Years Of Unmanned Aerial System Imagery Reveals Vegetation Change In A Sub-Arctic Mire Due To Permafrost Thaw, Jessica Delgreco
Four Years Of Unmanned Aerial System Imagery Reveals Vegetation Change In A Sub-Arctic Mire Due To Permafrost Thaw, Jessica Delgreco
Master's Theses and Capstones
Warming trends in sub-arctic regions have resulted in thawing of permafrost which in turn induces change in vegetation across peatlands both in areal extent and composition. Collapse of palsas (i.e. permafrost plateaus) has also been correlated with increases in methane (CH4) emission to the atmosphere. Vegetation change provides new microenvironments that promote CH4 production and emission, specifically through plant interactions and structure. By quantifying the changes in vegetation at the landscape scale, we will be able to scale the impact of thaw on CH4 emissions in these complex climate-sensitive northern ecosystems. We combine field-based measurements of vegetation composition and Unmanned …
No Evidence For Trace Metal Limitation On Anaerobic Carbon Mineralization In Three Peatland Soils, Jason K. Keller, Jillian Wade
No Evidence For Trace Metal Limitation On Anaerobic Carbon Mineralization In Three Peatland Soils, Jason K. Keller, Jillian Wade
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Peatlands store roughly one-third of the terrestrial soil carbon and release the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) to the atmosphere, making these wetlands among the most important ecosystems in the global carbon cycle. Despite their importance, the controls of anaerobic decomposition of organic matter to carbon dioxide (CO2) and CH4 within peatlands are not well understood. It is known, however, that the enzymes responsible for CH4 production require cobalt, iron and nickel, and there is a growing appreciation for the potential role of trace metal limitation in anaerobic decomposition. To explore the possibility of …
Hydrogenation Of Organic Matter As A Terminal Electron Sink Sustains High Co2:Ch4 Production Ratios During Anaerobic Decomposition, Rachel M. Wilson, Malak M. Tfaily, Virginia I. Rich, Jason K. Keller, Scott D. Bridgham, Cassandra Medvedeff Zalman, Laura Meredith, Paul J. Hanson, Mark Hines, Laurel Pfeifer-Meister, Scott R. Saleska, Patrick Crill, William T. Cooper, Jeff P. Chanton, Joel E. Kostka
Hydrogenation Of Organic Matter As A Terminal Electron Sink Sustains High Co2:Ch4 Production Ratios During Anaerobic Decomposition, Rachel M. Wilson, Malak M. Tfaily, Virginia I. Rich, Jason K. Keller, Scott D. Bridgham, Cassandra Medvedeff Zalman, Laura Meredith, Paul J. Hanson, Mark Hines, Laurel Pfeifer-Meister, Scott R. Saleska, Patrick Crill, William T. Cooper, Jeff P. Chanton, Joel E. Kostka
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Once inorganic electron acceptors are depleted, organic matter in anoxic environments decomposes by hydrolysis, fermentation, and methanogenesis, requiring syntrophic interactions between microorganisms to achieve energetic favorability. In this classic anaerobic food chain, methanogenesis represents the terminal electron accepting (TEA) process, ultimately producing equimolar CO2 and CH4 for each molecule of organic matter degraded. However, CO2:CH4 production in Sphagnum-derived, mineral-poor, cellulosic peat often substantially exceeds this 1:1 ratio, even in the absence of measureable inorganic TEAs. Since the oxidation state of C in both cellulose-derived organic matter and acetate is 0, and CO2 has …
Introducing Global Peat-Specific Temperature And Ph Calibrations Based On Brgdgt Bacterial Lipids, B.D.A. Naafs, G. N. Imglis, Y. Zheng, M. J. Amesbury, H. Biester, R. Bindler, J. Blewett, M. A. Burrows, D. Del Castillo Torres, F. M. Chambers, P. G. Hatcher
Introducing Global Peat-Specific Temperature And Ph Calibrations Based On Brgdgt Bacterial Lipids, B.D.A. Naafs, G. N. Imglis, Y. Zheng, M. J. Amesbury, H. Biester, R. Bindler, J. Blewett, M. A. Burrows, D. Del Castillo Torres, F. M. Chambers, P. G. Hatcher
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are membrane-spanning lipids from Bacteria and Archaea that are ubiquitous in a range of natural archives and especially abundant in peat. Previous work demonstrated that the distribution of bacterial branched GDGTs (brGDGTs) in mineral soils is correlated to environmental factors such as mean annual air temperature (MAAT) and soil pH. However, the influence of these parameters on brGDGT distributions in peat is largely unknown. Here we investigate the distribution of brGDGTs in 470 samples from 96 peatlands around the world with a broad mean annual air temperature (−8 to 27 °C) and pH (3–8) range …
Community Development Of Terrestrial And Semi-Terrestrial Invertebrates Along Environmental Gradients In A Reclaimed Watershed, Kellie Menard
Community Development Of Terrestrial And Semi-Terrestrial Invertebrates Along Environmental Gradients In A Reclaimed Watershed, Kellie Menard
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The diversity-stability hypothesis suggests that diverse communities are resilient to change. Wetlands are especially diverse and are an area of concern in the Boreal Zone of northern Alberta, Canada, as they are affected by surface mining for oil sands. This thesis describes terrestrial and semi-terrestrial invertebrate community composition within the Sandhill Fen Watershed, the first-ever landform constructed on a foundation of oil sands tailings, in the post-mining landscape. Soil attributes and plant community composition were associated with spatial variation in invertebrate abundance, richness and composition at low-elevation (peat dominated) and upland (forest soil dominated) locations within Sandhill Fen, and in …
Effects Of Permafrost Aggradation On Peat Properties As Determined From A Pan-Arctic Synthesis Of Plant Macrofossils, C. C. Treat, M. C. Jones, P. Camill, A. Gallego-Sala, M. Garneau, J. W. Harden, G. Hugelius, E. S. Klein, U. Kokfelt, P. Kuhry, J. Loisel, P. J.H. Mathijssen, J. A. O'Donnell, P. O. Oksanen, T. M. Ronkainen, A. B.K. Sannel
Effects Of Permafrost Aggradation On Peat Properties As Determined From A Pan-Arctic Synthesis Of Plant Macrofossils, C. C. Treat, M. C. Jones, P. Camill, A. Gallego-Sala, M. Garneau, J. W. Harden, G. Hugelius, E. S. Klein, U. Kokfelt, P. Kuhry, J. Loisel, P. J.H. Mathijssen, J. A. O'Donnell, P. O. Oksanen, T. M. Ronkainen, A. B.K. Sannel
Earth and Oceanographic Science Faculty Work
Permafrost dynamics play an important role in high-latitude peatland carbon balance and are key to understanding the future response of soil carbon stocks. Permafrost aggradation can control the magnitude of the carbon feedback in peatlands through effects on peat properties. We compiled peatland plant macrofossil records for the northern permafrost zone (515 cores from 280 sites) and classified samples by vegetation type and environmental class (fen, bog, tundra and boreal permafrost, and thawed permafrost). We examined differences in peat properties (bulk density, carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and organic matter content, and C/N ratio) and C accumulation rates among vegetation types …
Seasonal Evolution Of Active Layer Formation In Subarctic Peat Plateaux And Implications For Dissolved Organic Matter Composition And Transfer, Jennifer L. Hickman
Seasonal Evolution Of Active Layer Formation In Subarctic Peat Plateaux And Implications For Dissolved Organic Matter Composition And Transfer, Jennifer L. Hickman
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Peat-accumulating wetlands are ecosystems whose rate of photosynthetic production of organic matter is greater than that of its decomposition, resulting in a build up of soil organic matter that may take centuries to fully decompose. Carbon (C) stocks within these ecosystems are a function of inputs from photosynthesis, and losses from heterotrophic decomposition. Due to the short growing season and overall cold climate of boreal and tundra regions, C has been accumulating within these landscapes, mostly in soil organic matter, since the last glaciation. Climate change, predicted to result in rising temperatures and increased precipitation, has begun to degrade the …
Partitioning Evapotranspiration In Forested Peatlands Within The Western Boreal Plain, Fort Mcmurray, Alberta, Canada, Elise C. Gabrielli
Partitioning Evapotranspiration In Forested Peatlands Within The Western Boreal Plain, Fort Mcmurray, Alberta, Canada, Elise C. Gabrielli
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Forested peatlands in the Western Boreal Plain (WBP) represent hydrologically sensitive ecosystems that often support an open-crown forest of Picea mariana and/or Larix laricina. These systems store globally significant soil carbon, containing one-fourth to one-third of the world’s soil organic carbon pool (Turunen et al., 2002),serving a critical role in regulating atmospheric CO2. Recent studies indicate that the hydrological conditions are the critical determinant of a peatland’s carbon budget (Price et al., 2005; Aurela et al., 2007).To understand current hydrological conditions, it is essential to accurately estimate the rate of ET, due …
Restoration Of Headwater And Coastal Fens In The Lake Superior Basin Of Upper Michigan, James A. Bess
Restoration Of Headwater And Coastal Fens In The Lake Superior Basin Of Upper Michigan, James A. Bess
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
In 2009, research projects were initiated at Michigan Technological University to develop restoration techniques for headwater fens and coastal wetlands in the southern Lake Superior Basin in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The primary focus of these was to quantify the efficacy of using locally collected seeds as a technique for wetland restoration. Two primary sites were selected, the Sleeper Lake Fen complex in Luce County and the Portage Waterway-Keweenaw Bay region of Lake Superior in Baraga and Houghton Counties. At the Sleeper Lake site, a combination of heavy machinery, seeding and mulch application was used to restore a 1.6 km ditch …
The Relative Importance Of Methanogenesis In The Decomposition Of Organic Matter In Northern Peatlands, J. Elizabeth Corbett, Malak M. Tfaily, David J. Burdige, Paul H. Glaser, Jeffrey P. Chanton
The Relative Importance Of Methanogenesis In The Decomposition Of Organic Matter In Northern Peatlands, J. Elizabeth Corbett, Malak M. Tfaily, David J. Burdige, Paul H. Glaser, Jeffrey P. Chanton
OES Faculty Publications
Using an isotope-mass balance approach and assuming the equimolar production of CO2 and CH4 from methanogenesis (e.g., anaerobic decomposition of cellulose), we calculate that the proportion of total CO2 production from methanogenesis varies from 37 to 83% across a variety of northern peatlands. In a relative sense, methanogenesis was a more important pathway for decomposition in bogs (80 ± 13% of CO2 production) than in fens (64 ± 5.7% of CO2 production), but because fens contain more labile substrates they may support higher CH4 production overall. The concentration of CO2 produced from methanogenesis (CO …
Plant Responses To Increased Experimental Nitrogen Deposition In A Boreal Peatland, Meaghan Petix
Plant Responses To Increased Experimental Nitrogen Deposition In A Boreal Peatland, Meaghan Petix
Theses
Increased nitrogen (N) deposition onto boreal peatlands and forests is anticipated with further expansion of Alberta's oil sands industry and consequently, an increase in sources of nitrogen oxide emissions. Increased N deposition has the potential to affect peatland flora and alter N cycling patterns in peatlands, therefore it is imperative to investigate at what level of excess N deposition these effects take place. This thesis discusses results from the first two years of a five year N fertilization study being conducted at a peatland complex near the hamlet of Mariana Lake in northeastern Alberta, Canada aimed at quantifying the N …