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Comprehensive Numerical Modeling Of Prestressed Girder Bridges Under Low-Velocity Impact, Mohamed T. Elshazli, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Mohamed Elgawady, Ahmed Ibrahim

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Accidental Collisions Involving Over-Height Trucks That Exceed Vertical Clearance Limits And Bridge Superstructures Frequently Happen, Resulting In Compromised Girders And Potential Threats To Structural Safety And Performance. The Numerical Simulation Of Large-Scale Prestressed Girder Bridge Collisions Poses Challenges Due To The Associated Nonlinearities, As Well As The Limited Availability Of Large-Scale Experimental Testing Data In The Literature Due To Cost And Complexity Constraints. This Study Introduces A Numerical Modeling Approach To Efficiently Capture The Response Of Prestressed Girder Bridges Under Lateral Impact Loads. A Finite Element (FE) Model Was Developed Using LS-DYNA And Meticulously Validated Against Experimental Data From The …

Load Determination, Strengthening, And Behavior Study Of Prestressed Concrete Channel Bridge Girders In South Carolina, Elhussien Khaled Elbatanouny

Theses and Dissertations

The South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) is currently engaged in a multi-year effort to assess the structural integrity of its inventory of over 9,000 bridges. This assessment process is expected to result in an increase in the number of bridges that require load postings, repairs, or replacements across South Carolina. This could potentially lead to adverse economic repercussions due to restricted truck routes, bridge closures, repair work, and the need for bridge replacements. To alleviate the escalating costs associated with these challenges, it is imperative to explore methods aimed at reducing the need for load postings and bridge closures …

Identification Of Bridges With Fracture-Prone Details, Theodore Hopwood Ii, Rick Younce, Sudhir Palle

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Welded steel girder bridges can contain details that can high welding and service stresses and are termed constraintinduced fractures (CIF). The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet has steel bridges with weld details known to cause CIFs whose girders have experienced fracture events. The Cabinet’s bridge inventory was reviewed and additional candidate bridges with potential CIF details were identified. A review of bridge plans and pictures along with followup field investigations pinpointed bridges with CIF details that warrant up-close (i.e., arm’s length) inspections. Several uninspected bridges were identified as candidates for inspection to determine if they contain CIF details. Guidance is provided to …

A Compilation Of Research On Self-Consolidating Concrete For Prestressed Bridge Girders, Eduardo S. Torres

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) is a relative new concrete technology developed in the 1980s in Japan. Since, SCC has been used for several applications around the world. Initially, SCC was used for on-site applications where it was difficult to place concrete. SCC workability benefits facilitated construction procedures by freely flowing, filling space and passing through dense reinforcement without vibration mechanism. Meanwhile, SCC has also been used in other applications such as the precast industry, where the benefits of the workability SCC delivers can be utilized to improve fabrication of prestressed girders. SCC has been used in the precast industry with a …

Shear And Flexural Capacity Of High Strength Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders, Arek Tilmann Higgs

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The section of highway over the 400 South roadway in Orem, Utah is made up of two separate three span bridges. The bridges were originally constructed in 1960 and were expanded in 2004 to accommodate for one extra lane per bridge. During the fall of 2012 both bridges were scheduled for demolition and four girders were salvaged from the southernmost span of the 2004 expansion. These girders were transported to the Structural Materials And Systems Health Lab (SMASH Lab) where a series of tests were performed to determine the prestressing losses, flexural, shear, and shear-flexure capacity of the girders. The …

Biaxial Bending And Lateral-Torsional Instability Of Imperfect Frp I-Beams Including Effects Of Retrofitting, Jodi Marie Knorowski

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This thesis presents the outcome of a theoretical and experimental study of the behavior of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) I-beams susceptible to lateral-torsional instability or when subjected to biaxial bending. Laboratory experiments involved application of vertical and horizontal static loads to a 4 x 4 x ¼ in. I-beam with various lengths, and the resulting displacement, twist, and strain were recorded. In the vertical direction, the beam was loaded from different reference load heights with respect to the shear center of the beam. The governing biaxial flexure and torsion differential equations were modified to account for the presence of initial …

Ultimate Shear Capacity And Residual Prestress Force Of Full-Scale, Forty-One-Year-Old Prestressed-Concrete Girders, Parry Osborn

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The ultimate shear capacity of prestressed concrete beams is difficult to predict accurately, especially after being in service for an extended period of time. The Utah Department of Transportation asked researchers at Utah State University to experimentally determine the existing shear capacity of 41-year-old prestressed, decommissioned concrete bridge girders and then provide recommendations on how to increase that ultimate shear capacity. This thesis presents the research findings that relate to the existing shear capacity of the prestressed concrete girders.

Eight AASHTO Type II bridge girders were tested up to failure by applying external loads near the supports to determine their …

Installation Of Precast Type Vi Concrete Girders Using Overhead Launching Girder., Kimjay Magdurulang Lamar

Undergraduate Theses

No abstract provided.

A Study On The Behavior Of Transfer Girder-Shear Wall System: Case Of Hotel Parcvue Project., Mark Cristian Casas Delas Alas

Undergraduate Theses

No abstract provided.

Behavior Of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders, Franklin B. Angomas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

For this research, prestress losses were monitored in six HPC bridge girders. These measured losses were compared to predicted losses according to four sources. Prestress loss predictive methods considered for this research were: 1- AASHTO LRFD 2004, 2- AASHTO LRFD 2004 Refined, 3- AASHTO LRFD 2007, and 4- AASHTO LRFD Lump Sum method. On the other hand, the camber prediction methods used in the present research were: 1- Time dependent method described in NCHRP Report 496, 2- PCI multiplier method, and 3- Improved PCI Multiplier method. For the purpose of this research, long-term prestress losses were monitored in select girders …

Simulation Of A Moving Elastic Beam Using Hamilton's Weak Principle, Elliott J. Leigh

Theses and Dissertations

Hamilton's Law is derived in weak form for slender beams with closed cross sections. The result is discretized with mixed space-time finite elements to yield a system of nonlinear, algebraic equations. An algorithm is proposed for solving these equations using unconstrained optimization techniques, obtaining steady-state and time accurate solutions for problems of structural dynamics. This technique provides accurate solutions for nonlinear static and steady-state problems including the cantilevered elastica and flatwise rotation of beams. Modal analysis of beams and rods is investigated to accurately determine fundamental frequencies of vibration, and the simulation of simple maneuvers is demonstrated.

Design And Analysis Of Constrained Layer Damping Treatments For Bending And Torsion, Kimberly J. Balkema

Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, different aspects of constrained layer damping treatments on beams of various geometries are studied. First, the optimal length of a constrained layer damping treatment mounted on a surface in linear strain is identified as a function of the relative stiffnesses of the damping layers and the non-uniformity of the surface stain. The analysis extends previous work that considered the case of uniform surface strain. Sixth order sandwich beam theory is then modified for use with a rectangular beam covered with a segmented constrained layer damping treatment. Non-dimensional variables are used to simplify the form of the problem. …

Application Of Sensors In An Experimental Investigation Of Mode Dampings, Richard Hiram Berg

Theses

The subject of this investigation is the method of calculating material damping of a cantilever beam. Damping is the mechanism by which the vibrational energy is gradually converted into heat or sound. The loss factor, otherwise known as the damping factor, is part of the global properties of a structure which can be identified from its frequency response measurements. Experimental frequency response measurements require three main components: a source of excitation, sensors, and analyzer. It is the objective of this thesis to investigate the effect of different types of exciters and sensors on the frequency response measurement of the cantilever …

Nonlinear Large Displacement And Moderate Rotational Characteristics Of Composite Beams Incorporating Transverse Shear Strain, Stephen G. Creaghan

Theses and Dissertations

This research was directed toward the investigation of nonlinear large displacements and moderate rotations of composite beam structures considering a finite element potential energy approach incorporating through the thickness shear strain as an analytical function. This approach was compared to large rotation theories. Test cases were run to evaluate numerical algorithms Riks method and displacement imposed techniques were employed. The limitations and advantages of both methods were considered. Loading arrangements included concentrated forces as well as moments.

Computer Program For The Analysis Of Non-Prismatic Beams, Roberto Antonio Alas

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One of the major problems in the analysis of beams with Moment of Inertia varying along their length, is to find the Fixed End Moments, Stiffness, and Carry-Over Factors.

In order to determine Fixed End Moments, it is necessary to consider the non-prismatic member as integrated by a large number of small sections with constant Moment of Inertia, and to find the M/EI values for each individual section. This process takes a lot of time from Designers and Structural Engineers.

The object of this thesis is to design a computer program to simplify this repetitive process, obtaining rapidly and effectively …

Viscoelastic Damping Of Beams, Mansour Messalti

Theses

The composite damping characteristics of a viscoelastic sandwich beam are investigated. The sandwich consists of an elastic central layer coated on both sides with a viscoelastic material and two outer layers made out of the same material as the central layer. The composite beam is investigated for damping effectiveness. As in the work of DiTaranto and Kerwin, and also Mead, the energy dissipation due to the vibratory motion of the system is assumed to take place due to the shear deformation of the viscoelastic layer only. The assumption that the outer layers do not stretch or contract during bending, further …

The Effects Of Nonlinear Damping On The Large Deflection Response Of Structures Subjected To Random Excitation, Chunchu Bhavani Prasad

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Effects of both nonlinear damping and large deflection stiffness are included in the theoretical analysis in an attempt to explain the experimental phenomena of aircraft panels excited at high sound pressure levels; that is the broadening of the strain response peak and the increase in modal frequency. Beams and symmetrically laminated plates subjected to acoustic excitation are considered in the analyses. The excitations are ergodic and Gaussian with zero mean. A polynomial containing both linear and nonlinear damping terms is considered as a damping model. Galerkin's method is used to derive modal equations. Direct equivalent linearization is used to solve …

Moment-Curvature Behavior Of Bolted Web Splices In Wide Flange Beams: A Reexamination, Ali Hooshiari

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Deflection Of Large Diameter Corrugated Steel Pipe Aerial Beams, Warren Andrew Woogen

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Study Of Conventional And Unconventional Steel Beam To Girder Connections, David John Szczepanek

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Dynamic Characteristics Of A Beam Whose Material Is Represented By A Three-Parameter Viscoelastic Solid, Vishnurao K. Devkar

Theses and Dissertations

Man observes many phenomena occurring in nature which he can use to his benefit. He observes how physical quantities vary as a function of their environment in order to predict how these variations will affect a system he wishes to design. For this purpose, he must establish a model that is representative of the relation between those physical quantities and certain environments to which they are subjected.

Ec71-796 Technical Resource : Girders & Columns For Trussed Buildings

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 71-796: Technical Resource - Girders and columns for trussed buildings.