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Words Without Faces: Anonymous Social Media On Campus, Evelyn Kelly Apr 2024

Words Without Faces: Anonymous Social Media On Campus, Evelyn Kelly

Language, Literature & Writing Student Scholarship

"A new anonymous social media app, Fizz, has announced intentions to launch on Messiah University’s campus. Anonymous social media apps allow users to post within a set community without their comments being traced back to them. One such popular app around campus is Yik Yak..."


Write On: Cedarville Student Secures Article In National Journal, Mark D. Weinstein Dec 2023

Write On: Cedarville Student Secures Article In National Journal, Mark D. Weinstein

News Releases

What began as Emily Vest’s conversation with a Cedarville University professor, ended as a creative nonfiction piece on the front page of a national literary magazine, The Albion Review.


What Are The Main Barriers And Facilitating Factors Associated With Intergenerational Communication On Sexual And Reproductive Health In Niger And Côte D’Ivoire?, Breakthrough Research Sep 2022

What Are The Main Barriers And Facilitating Factors Associated With Intergenerational Communication On Sexual And Reproductive Health In Niger And Côte D’Ivoire?, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

When parents communicate with their youth on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) issues, they have a greater influence on youth SRH behaviors. But parents’ lack of knowledge of SRH, low self-efficacy in engaging young people, and unfavorable social norms about communication and youth access to SRH information are barriers to open intergenerational communication. Breakthrough RESEARCH conducted a qualitative study in Niger and Côte d’Ivoire to better understand the specific barriers to intergenerational communication about SRH, and ways in which adult allies can be supported to engage young people and encourage them to lead a healthy life. This research contributes to …


Addressing Communication Taboos Motivates Social And Behavioral Changes In Niamey And Abidjan: Evaluation Of The Merci Mons Héros Media Campaign, Breakthrough Research Aug 2022

Addressing Communication Taboos Motivates Social And Behavioral Changes In Niamey And Abidjan: Evaluation Of The Merci Mons Héros Media Campaign, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

Merci Mon Héros (MMH) is a mixed media campaign that catalyzes young people as co-leaders to improve intergenerational communication and young people’s family planning and reproductive health outcomes. The Breakthrough RESEARCH project―USAID’s flagship investment in social and behavior change research and evaluation―was tasked with evaluating the MMH campaign. This brief highlights important evaluation findings and recommendations for strengthening intergenerational communication in two priority locations—Niamey, Niger and Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.


Evaluation Of Rise Ii Integrated Social And Behavior Change Activities In Niger: Baseline Report, Leanne Dougherty, Lynn Abu Turk, Nrupa Jani, Chaibou Dadi Aug 2022

Evaluation Of Rise Ii Integrated Social And Behavior Change Activities In Niger: Baseline Report, Leanne Dougherty, Lynn Abu Turk, Nrupa Jani, Chaibou Dadi

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

Breakthrough RESEARCH is conducting a mixed-methods study that includes quantitative methods to assess differential changes over time in key health outcomes associated with Resilience in the Sahel Enhanced (RISE) II's integrated social and behavioral change (SBC) strategy and qualitative methods to explain how and why gender-related changes occurred or were associated with these changes. This technical report presents descriptive baseline findings for the quantitative portion of the evaluation. This information will support RISE II's Resilience Food Security Activity partners to understand how to tailor planned SBC approaches to address barriers to adopting targeted health behaviors.


Breakthrough Research—Social And Behavior Change Costing Community Of Practice Series Brief #5: Are Integrated Social And Behavior Change Interventions Cost-Effective? A Methodological Approach, Breakthrough Research Jul 2022

Breakthrough Research—Social And Behavior Change Costing Community Of Practice Series Brief #5: Are Integrated Social And Behavior Change Interventions Cost-Effective? A Methodological Approach, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

The Research and Learning Agenda for Advancing Integrated Social and Behavior Change (SBC) Programming, developed by Breakthrough RESEARCH through a consensus-driven process, identified the need for costing and evaluating the cost-effectiveness of integrated SBC as one of four key questions that needs addressing. This brief, developed by Avenir Health, provides an overview of the steps for examining the cost-effectiveness of integrated SBC programs that can be used for future cost-effectiveness analyses. This is the fifth in a series of programmatic research briefs intended to complement the Guidelines for Costing of Social and Behavior Change Health Interventions and support a Community …


Qualitative Evaluation Of Breakthrough Action/Nigeria’S Community Capacity Strengthening Approach To Sustaining Integrated Social And Behavior Change Programming: Phase I, Martha Silva, Nrupa Jani, Adetunji Adetayo, Mayokun Adediran Jun 2022

Qualitative Evaluation Of Breakthrough Action/Nigeria’S Community Capacity Strengthening Approach To Sustaining Integrated Social And Behavior Change Programming: Phase I, Martha Silva, Nrupa Jani, Adetunji Adetayo, Mayokun Adediran

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

To ensure the maintenance and sustainability of social and behavior change (SBC), Breakthrough ACTION/Nigeria is implementing a phased, performance-based community capacity strengthening (CCS) approach that focuses on engaging existing community leaders and structures—namely ward development committees—to increase community self-efficacy, coordinate and support the health ecosystem in general, and to ensure sustained community-level activities supporting behavior change and positive social norms for improved health outcomes. Using a qualitative approach, Breakthrough RESEARCH assessed early successes, challenges, and opportunities for Breakthrough ACTION/Nigeria’s CCS Phase 1 approach in selected wards of the Bauchi and Sokoto states in Nigeria.


Determining The Most Significant Changes On Intergenerational Communication And Young People’S Family Planning And Reproductive Health Outcomes: Qualitative Evaluation Of The Merci Mon Héros Media Campaign In Niger And Côte D’Ivoire, Martha Silva, Sethson Kassegne, Robert-Hugues Yaovi Nagbe, Rebecca Ezouatchi, Lorimpo Babogou, Farida Moussa Feb 2022

Determining The Most Significant Changes On Intergenerational Communication And Young People’S Family Planning And Reproductive Health Outcomes: Qualitative Evaluation Of The Merci Mon Héros Media Campaign In Niger And Côte D’Ivoire, Martha Silva, Sethson Kassegne, Robert-Hugues Yaovi Nagbe, Rebecca Ezouatchi, Lorimpo Babogou, Farida Moussa

Reproductive Health

Merci Mon Héros (MMH) is a mixed media campaign that catalyzes young people as co-leaders to improve intergenerational communication and young people’s family planning (FP) and reproductive health (RH) outcomes. Breakthrough ACTION co-facilitated and codeveloped this youth-led campaign in francophone African countries while the Breakthrough RESEARCH project was tasked with evaluating the MMH campaign to determine the most significant changes in the communities exposed to the mixed media campaign in Niger and Côte d’Ivoire. Using the qualitative methodology of Most Significant Change, participants shared personal narratives during focus group discussions in each country. The diverse stories collected in both countries …


Expressions Of Power In Health Care Providers’ Experiences And Behavior, Breakthrough Research Feb 2022

Expressions Of Power In Health Care Providers’ Experiences And Behavior, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

This brief describes a secondary cross-country qualitative analysis that investigated how power manifests and can be shifted to optimize provider behavior change (PBC) approaches across health areas and geographical contexts. Breakthrough RESEARCH explored how four interrelated domains of power are differentially experienced by health care providers (HCPs) based on one’s position and function within the health system in Kenya, Malawi, Madagascar, and Togo. The results are intended to help promote quality reproductive, maternal, and newborn care by offering insights for PBC programming. Key findings showed that HCPs’ power was often constrained by limited access to resources, opportunities for advancement, and …


How To Use A Theory Of Change To Monitor And Evaluate Social And Behavior Change Programs, Breakthrough Research Feb 2022

How To Use A Theory Of Change To Monitor And Evaluate Social And Behavior Change Programs, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

Breakthrough RESEARCH has developed a guide on how to use a theory of change to monitor and evaluate social and behavior change (SBC) programs. This guide will help managers support research, monitoring, and evaluation staff and ensure they have the programmatic data required to track results, and it will ensure the program is guided by robust theory-driven evidence with results tracked over time and at the program’s end. This guide is one of a series of Compass SBC how-to guides that provide step-by-step instructions on how to perform core SBC tasks. From formative research through monitoring and evaluation, these guides …


Breakthrough Research—Social And Behavior Change Costing Community Of Practice Series Brief #4: Social And Behavior Change Costs Associated With Insecticide Treated Bed Net Distribution For Malaria Prevention, Breakthrough Research Nov 2021

Breakthrough Research—Social And Behavior Change Costing Community Of Practice Series Brief #4: Social And Behavior Change Costs Associated With Insecticide Treated Bed Net Distribution For Malaria Prevention, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

Breakthrough RESEARCH is gathering, analyzing, and sharing evidence on the costs and impact of social and behavior change (SBC) interventions to support the case that investing in SBC is crucial for improving health and advancing development. A review of the SBC costing literature identified 147 studies on SBC costs, methodological shortcomings, and knowledge gaps that can be addressed in new SBC costing studies. To address these gaps, Breakthrough RESEARCH issued the “Guidelines for Costing of Social and Behavior Change Health Interventions,” which lays out 17 principles for conducting high-quality costing studies. This brief complements the guidelines and highlights important issues …


Breakthrough Research—Social And Behavior Change Costing Community Of Practice Series Brief #3: Capturing The Start-Up Costs Associated With Social And Behavior Change Interventions, Breakthrough Research Sep 2021

Breakthrough Research—Social And Behavior Change Costing Community Of Practice Series Brief #3: Capturing The Start-Up Costs Associated With Social And Behavior Change Interventions, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

A successful social and behavior change (SBC) intervention requires the investment of time and resources in the intervention’s start-up phase, which is defined as the time from the project initiation until the project begins broad implementation. When conducting a costing study of an SBC intervention, it is useful to capture these initial costs separately and allocate them appropriately over the life of the intervention. By examining start-up costs separately, the post-start-up implementation costs can be forecasted more accurately for future budgeting purposes and for determining the appropriate costs for scaling-up interventions. This is the third in a series of briefs …


Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Comparing Integrated And Malaria-Only Social And Behavior Change Programming In Nigeria: Initial Costing Data, Avenir Health Sep 2021

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Comparing Integrated And Malaria-Only Social And Behavior Change Programming In Nigeria: Initial Costing Data, Avenir Health

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

Breakthrough RESEARCH is conducting an effectiveness evaluation of social and behavior change (SBC) programming implemented by Breakthrough ACTION in Nigeria, comparing an integrated SBC program in Kebbi and Sokoto states with a malaria-only SBC program in Zamfara state. Using these results on impact, a cost-effectiveness analysis will determine which approach is more cost-effective in achieving improvements in health. This report presents estimated costs for the initial stage of the project, from April 2018 through December 2019, in the three northern states where the study is being conducted.


Investing In Social And Behavior Change Is Cost-Effective For Improving Malaria Behaviors In Côte D’Ivoire, Breakthrough Research Aug 2021

Investing In Social And Behavior Change Is Cost-Effective For Improving Malaria Behaviors In Côte D’Ivoire, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

Social and behavior change (SBC) interventions are considered an essential part of malaria prevention and treatment interventions, yet gaps in information on the cost and impact of SBC mean decisionmakers have underappreciated the value of SBC for contributing to improved health outcomes. To address this issue, Breakthrough RESEARCH has leveraged evidence from 112 studies on the impact of SBC interventions on malaria health behaviors and 70 studies on general SBC intervention costs to model the cost-effectiveness of SBC programming for malaria in the Business Case for Investing in Social and Behavior Change for Malaria.


Using Social Listening To Inform Integrated Social And Behavior Change Programs In Burkina Faso, Nrupa Jani, Leanne Dougherty, Martha Silva Jul 2021

Using Social Listening To Inform Integrated Social And Behavior Change Programs In Burkina Faso, Nrupa Jani, Leanne Dougherty, Martha Silva

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.


Considerations And Guidance For Using Routine And Program Monitoring Data For Social And Behavior Change Evaluation, Breakthrough Research Feb 2021

Considerations And Guidance For Using Routine And Program Monitoring Data For Social And Behavior Change Evaluation, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

This brief is intended for global, regional, and national social and behavior change program implementers, evaluators, and monitoring and evaluation teams who want to document their program impacts through routinely collected data. Use of routine and program monitoring data for evaluation presents many opportunities for evaluating program impacts on priority health outcomes, with advantages that include their greater frequency, broader geographic range, longer duration, and lower cost of acquisition. Routine and program monitoring data may not be under direct control of evaluators and thus may not always be appropriate for evaluation. Careful consideration of the appropriateness of routine data for …


Advancements In Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (Apphc): Overview Of Portfolio Development And Research Studies In Malawi, Breakthrough Research, Usaid's Health Evaluation And Applied Research Development Feb 2021

Advancements In Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (Apphc): Overview Of Portfolio Development And Research Studies In Malawi, Breakthrough Research, Usaid's Health Evaluation And Applied Research Development

Reproductive Health

Advancements in Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (APPHC) is a catalytic investment by USAID to accelerate reductions in maternal deaths in Madagascar and Malawi. This brief outlines the portfolio of research activities in Malawi.


Application Of The Breakthrough Research Social And Behavior Change Costing Guidelines To The Rise Ii Project In Niger, Nicole M. Bellows, Lori Bollinger, Rudolph Chandler Feb 2021

Application Of The Breakthrough Research Social And Behavior Change Costing Guidelines To The Rise Ii Project In Niger, Nicole M. Bellows, Lori Bollinger, Rudolph Chandler

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Breakthrough RESEARCH drafted its Guidelines for Costing Social and Behavior Change Health Interventions, in consultation with affiliate Breakthrough ACTION and other programmers, to promote quality social and behavior change program costing studies for a range of uses including budgeting, planning, economic evaluation, and advocacy. In March 2020, Breakthrough RESEARCH began applying the Guidelines to the Resilience in the Sahel (RISE) II program in Niger for a cost-effectiveness analysis through 2022. This report shares findings from application of the Breakthrough Costing Guidelines and provides an example and guidance for social and behavior change researchers and implementers on how these guidelines can …


Advancing Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (Apphc): Partnership Approach And Portfolio Overview, Breakthrough Research, Usaid's Health Evaluation And Applied Research Development Feb 2021

Advancing Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (Apphc): Partnership Approach And Portfolio Overview, Breakthrough Research, Usaid's Health Evaluation And Applied Research Development

Reproductive Health

USAID has reinforced its longstanding efforts to accelerate reductions in maternal deaths with a catalytic investment in Malawi and Madagascar, Advancing Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (APPHC). This brief presents APPHC investment partnership, its approach, and expected results. The APPHC Partnership’s agenda and portfolio intensify the two major health system bilateral projects funded by USAID: Organized Network of Services for Everyone (ONSE) in Malawi and Accessible Continuum of Care and Essential Services Sustained (ACCESS) in Madagascar. These large implementation investments, with existing collaborations with ministries of Health and other key figures, offer optimal opportunities for embedding APPHC activities. The APPHC Partnership seeks …


Advancements In Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (Apphc): Overview Of Portfolio Development And Research Studies In Madagascar, Breakthrough Research, Usaid's Health Evaluation And Applied Research Development Feb 2021

Advancements In Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (Apphc): Overview Of Portfolio Development And Research Studies In Madagascar, Breakthrough Research, Usaid's Health Evaluation And Applied Research Development

Reproductive Health

Advancements in Postpartum Hemorrhage Care (APPHC) is a catalytic investment by USAID in Malawi and Madagascar to accelerate reductions in maternal deaths. This program brief presents APPHC’s portfolio of research activities in Madagascar.


Costing Social And Behavior Change Programming: The Role Of The Denominator, Breakthrough Research Feb 2021

Costing Social And Behavior Change Programming: The Role Of The Denominator, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

This is the first in a series of brief reports intended to complement Breakthrough RESEARCH's Costing Guidelines and support a social and behavior change community of practice by discussing important issues and practices for social and behavior change costing. Breakthrough RESEARCH is gathering, analyzing, and sharing evidence on the costs and impact of social and behavior change interventions to support social and behavior change investments, which are crucial for improving health and advancing development. A review of costing literature identified 147 studies on social and behavior change costs, methodological shortcomings, and knowledge gaps that can be addressed in new costing …


Findings From The Merci Mon Héros Social Listening Endline Report, Breakthrough Research Jan 2021

Findings From The Merci Mon Héros Social Listening Endline Report, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.


Gender Integration In Social And Behavior Change, Debora B. Freitas Lopez, Sanyukta Mathur, Haley Brightman, Kathryn Berryman, Kamden Hoffmann Nov 2020

Gender Integration In Social And Behavior Change, Debora B. Freitas Lopez, Sanyukta Mathur, Haley Brightman, Kathryn Berryman, Kamden Hoffmann

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This document is a review of recent social and behavior change-focused program literature focusing on the integration of gender considerations into health and non-health social and behavior change interventions. The review revealed eight promising practices: employing a gender perspective throughout the program cycle to improve outcomes; synchronizing gender strategies to ensure inclusion of men and women, boys and girls; addressing gendered health disparities that affect service use; reducing harmful traditional practices; ensuring community involvement and accountability for promotion of gender equality; considering gender during emergency preparedness and response; accounting for intersecting gendered vulnerabilities that influence health and development outcomes; and …


Structural And Behavior Change Interventions To Improve Experience Of Care For Sick Very Young Children (0 To 24 Months Of Age) And Their Parents In Hospital Settings In Kenya—Preliminary Results: Baseline Provider Survey, Breakthrough Research Oct 2020

Structural And Behavior Change Interventions To Improve Experience Of Care For Sick Very Young Children (0 To 24 Months Of Age) And Their Parents In Hospital Settings In Kenya—Preliminary Results: Baseline Provider Survey, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

No abstract provided.


Assessing Community Capacity Strengthening To Sustain Integrated Social Behavior Change Programming In Northwestern Nigeria, Breakthrough Research Oct 2020

Assessing Community Capacity Strengthening To Sustain Integrated Social Behavior Change Programming In Northwestern Nigeria, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

Qualitative research by Breakthrough RESEARCH is evaluating efforts to prepare communities, through a community capacity strengthening approach, to sustain community social and behavior change programming to promote healthy family behaviors in northwestern Nigeria. This community capacity strengthening approach, implemented by Breakthrough ACTION Nigeria, engages local leaders and community organizations—specifically Ward Development Committees (WDCs)—to increase community capacities to coordinate local health systems to strengthen services and promote positive social norms and individual behaviors for improved health outcomes.


Documenting Lessons From An Integrated Social And Behavior Change Program Linked To Integrated Health Services In Zambia, Breakthrough Research Sep 2020

Documenting Lessons From An Integrated Social And Behavior Change Program Linked To Integrated Health Services In Zambia, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

This program brief documents lessons for social and behavior change programmers implementing multi-health, community-based programs with integrated health services. An iterative process by Breakthrough ACTION Zambia, from October 2018 through March 2019, identified four design concepts with strong feasibility and potential for impact and expansion. These four concepts were refined in Breakthrough ACTION Zambia provinces and districts in collaboration with implementing partners and the Ministry of Health Department of Health Promotion, with final intervention design and implementation processes determined in close collaboration with the Ministry.


Informing Social And Behavior Change Programs: Using Social Listening And Social Monitoring, Breakthrough Research Sep 2020

Informing Social And Behavior Change Programs: Using Social Listening And Social Monitoring, Breakthrough Research

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This brief offers practical guidance on social listening and social (media) monitoring as tools to inform social and behavior change programs, intended for global and regional program implementers, evaluators, and donors in USAID priority countries. This brief explains how social listening and social monitoring can be important tools for collecting information about target audiences’ knowledge and attitudes, as well as their exposure and responses to particular interventions. Using applied examples in Francophone West Africa, it illustrates social and social monitoring steps, provides examples of lessons, and identifies how these methods can be applied to social and behavior change programming. People …


Improving Reproductive Health And Family Planning Outcomes Among Out-Of-School Adolescents And Youth In The Philippines, Breakthrough Research, De La Salle University Sep 2020

Improving Reproductive Health And Family Planning Outcomes Among Out-Of-School Adolescents And Youth In The Philippines, Breakthrough Research, De La Salle University

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Breakthrough RESEARCH, in collaboration with De La Salle University’s Social Development Research Center (DLSU-SDRC) in Manila, conducted a targeted qualitative research study to facilitate social and behavior change approaches for out-of-school ages 15 to 19 for positive reproductive health and family planning behavior change. Research in three regions of the Philippines generated evidence for the design of intervention approaches to be most effective for four priority behaviors: delay of sexual debut, use of modern contraceptive methods, care-seeking in the first trimester for pregnant youth, and birth spacing of three to five years to prevent short birth intervals.


Barriers Inhibiting Detection And Management Of Postpartum Hemorrhage By Providers In Madagascar, Breakthrough Research, Usaid's Health Evaluation And Applied Research Development Aug 2020

Barriers Inhibiting Detection And Management Of Postpartum Hemorrhage By Providers In Madagascar, Breakthrough Research, Usaid's Health Evaluation And Applied Research Development

Reproductive Health

Breakthrough RESEARCH partner ideas42 conducted research in June 2019 in peri-urban and rural areas of Vohipeno and Manakara districts of Madagascar's Vatovavy-Fitovinany region to identify health care providers' challenges for detecting and managing complications during childbirth including postpartum hemorrhage and identify optimal solutions. This brief summarizes the results of a behavioral diagnosis that reveals “Facility-based providers do not consistently follow best practices for the detection and management of complications during childbirth.” Low perception of risk of postpartum hemorrhage, limited review of compliance with best practices, consequences of current practices, and resource scarcity can negatively affect provider decision-making and clinical practice.


Breastfeeding: Insights For Improving Malaria, Family Planning, And Maternal And Child Health Outcomes In Northwestern Nigeria Through Social And Behavior Change Research, Breakthrough Research Jul 2020

Breastfeeding: Insights For Improving Malaria, Family Planning, And Maternal And Child Health Outcomes In Northwestern Nigeria Through Social And Behavior Change Research, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

This brief provides evidence for implementers and researchers of social and behavior change programs designed to improve community knowledge, attitudes, norms and behaviors for pregnant and postpartum women's health. The brief focuses on key behaviors including early breastfeeding initiation within one hour of birth and exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, while also discussing breastfeeding barriers and facilitators. This is one of a series of briefs that present findings from a Breakthrough RESEARCH study that captured data on a wide range of psychosocial factors of behavioral outcomes for family planning, malaria, and maternal, newborn and child health, …