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An Analysis Of College Graduation Rates, Daniel Johnson
An Analysis Of College Graduation Rates, Daniel Johnson
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
Not only is an institution’s graduation rate closely looked at by prospective students, it also can have an impact on the amount of public funding the school receives. Because of this, institutions are always looking for ways to improve the rate at which their students graduate. The purpose of this presentation is to estimate a model that will evaluate which factors have the greatest effect on graduation rates among private, baccalaureate institutions in the United States. The explanatory variables will be grouped into three categories: cohort characteristics, institutional characteristics, and institutional actions. Using panel data, the effects of each of …
Does Income Inequality Affect Import Demand In The U.S.?, Payton Person
Does Income Inequality Affect Import Demand In The U.S.?, Payton Person
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
In this paper, we estimate a time-series import demand model for the United States over the years 1970-2019. The dependent variable is real imports of goods and services. The explanatory variables are real GDP, the relative price of imports, and income inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient. We find no statistical evidence that income inequality affects U.S. import demand.
Stroke Play: The Effect Of Strokes Gained & Traditional Golf Measurements On Pga Tour Golfers’ Performance, Max Bonda
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This study estimates the qualitative and quantitative effect of strokes gained on PGA Tour golfers’ performance. This performance is measured as the percentage of the total purse won at PGA Tour events for golfers making the cut. A cross-section model for 2,511 golfers across 33 tournaments in the 2018-2019 season is employed. The explanatory variables are the four strokes-gained measures: strokes gained off-the-tee (OTT), approach-to-the-green (APP), around-the-green (ARG), and putting (PUTT). The empirical results suggest that all four measures contribute to performance, with APP having the largest quantitative effect. Additionally, strokes gained explains more of golfers’ performance than traditional golf …
Disaggregated Phillips Curve Regression, Deric Wagner
Disaggregated Phillips Curve Regression, Deric Wagner
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This project estimates the Phillips curve using disaggregated US data. The panel model for this project was created using relative unemployment rates and metropolitan regional price parities for all items (RPP) for each state from 2008-2018. The relative unemployment rate was created for each state by taking the state level of unemployment and dividing it by the US national unemployment rate. The metropolitan price parity was created by taking the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for all metropolitan areas in a state and a dividing it by the US national CPI for all metropolitan areas in the US. The dependent variable …
Light Rail Transportation And Its Impact On Home Values, Eldon Long
Light Rail Transportation And Its Impact On Home Values, Eldon Long
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This study seeks to understand the implications on home values due to proximity to light rail transportation. My research utilizes 150 single-family home sales occurring during the month of September 2020 in Tempe, AZ. The sale prices and home characteristics were collected from Zillow.com. Data for the distance between the home and light rail line were collected using the distance between the home's address and the nearest light rail station. The results of this study found a decrease in the value of homes that are located within 3 miles of light rail transportation.
Estimation Of A Tourism Demand Function For Aotearoa (New Zealand), Connor Ashmun
Estimation Of A Tourism Demand Function For Aotearoa (New Zealand), Connor Ashmun
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
I estimate a tourism demand function for New Zealand using time series data from 1979 to 2019. The dependent variable is the sum of tourist visits from residents in the U.S., Australia, and China. The explanatory variables include the tourist-share-weighted exchange rate, tourist-share-weighted real GDP per capita for these countries, and the New Zealand Consumer Price Index. I also include dummy variables for the years 2007-2009 to control for the financial crisis and for years following the filming of the Lord of the Rings/Hobbit trilogies in New Zealand. The coefficients for all explanatory variables have their expected signs; all but …
Reproductive Policies And Female Labor Force Participation, Kylee Simdorn
Reproductive Policies And Female Labor Force Participation, Kylee Simdorn
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
In this study, a time-series analysis has been conducted over the years 1960-2017 to examine the effects of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act and Roe v. Wade on the U.S. female labor force participation rate. Explanatory variables include real median annual female earnings, educational attainment of women, and the nation’s unemployment rate. The effects of the Discrimination Act and Roe v. Wade are captured using dummy time variables. Controlling for the fundamental economic drivers of the female labor force participation rate, the results suggest that the implementation of the anti-discrimination act positively impacted the behavior of working women in the United …
The Impact Of Professional Sports On Cities’ Economic Performance, Carter Mensing, Chris Cassi
The Impact Of Professional Sports On Cities’ Economic Performance, Carter Mensing, Chris Cassi
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
The purpose of this paper is to estimate the impact of professional sports on cities’ economic performance as measured by real per capita income growth and changes in the unemployment rate. We use a panel model across 43 cities over eight years. Explanatory variables include the number of professional sports franchises in a city and the performance of those franchises. We find no statistically significant evidence suggesting that professional sports franchises impact cities’ real per capita income growth. We do, however, find that professional sports franchises have a statistically significant impact on unemployment rates.
Factors That Affect College Graduation Rates Of Minorities, Eben Drake-Mudede, Mauricio Duran
Factors That Affect College Graduation Rates Of Minorities, Eben Drake-Mudede, Mauricio Duran
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This paper examines the factors that affect college graduation rates of minority students. We control for whether an institution is private or public, the institutions’ admission rates, institutional expenditures, and the percentage of the institutions’ faculty that are minorities. We find that institutions with higher admissions rates have higher minority graduation rates, that institutions with a higher percentage of faculty who are minorities have lower minority graduation rates, and that institutions with higher instructional expenditures have lower minority graduation rates.
The Effect Of Net Costs On Yield Rates Of U.S. Private Law Schools, Justin Meyer, Magdalena Ceja Mendoza
The Effect Of Net Costs On Yield Rates Of U.S. Private Law Schools, Justin Meyer, Magdalena Ceja Mendoza
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
In this paper, we define a law school’s net cost as tuition and fees plus living costs minus grant aid and estimate the effect of net cost on yield rates at private law schools. Our data is drawn from Standard 509 Reports for 51 ABA-accredited private law schools with LSAT scores from the 25th and 50th percentiles over the academic years 2011-2012 and 2016-2017. We use fixed effects to control for school and year-specific effects. The results indicate that each 1% increase in net cost is associated with an approximate 0.2% decrease in the yield rate.
An Investigation Into The Economic Thought Of Medieval Arab-Islamic Scholars And Enlightenment Philosophers, Riley E. Clayeux, Randy R. Grant
An Investigation Into The Economic Thought Of Medieval Arab-Islamic Scholars And Enlightenment Philosophers, Riley E. Clayeux, Randy R. Grant
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This student-faculty collaborative research project focused on the contributions to economic thought of two distinct groups: medieval Arab-Islamic scholars and Enlightenment philosophers. The primary goal of the project was to generate two new chapters to supplement the Evolution of Economic Thought text. It looked to answer the research question, “How did the intellectual activity of medieval Arab-Islamic scholars and Enlightenment philosophers reflect and/or contribute to the development of modern economic thought?” The medieval Arab-Islamic chapter produced findings including a centrality of religion to economic life, the importance of specialization for increased efficiency, and an understanding of just price. Ibn Khaldūn, …
The Responsiveness Of Admitted Student Enrollment To Changes In The Net Tuition Price At Linfield College, Justine Schoenbacher, Sarah Linton
The Responsiveness Of Admitted Student Enrollment To Changes In The Net Tuition Price At Linfield College, Justine Schoenbacher, Sarah Linton
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This paper investigates the effect of changes in the net tuition price on the probability of enrollment for students admitted to Linfield College. Our sample data was provided by the Linfield College Office of Institutional Research for the 2015-2016 through the 2017-2018 academic years. A logit (logistic) model is used to determine how the probability of enrollment is affected by the net tuition price controlling for academic achievement, student demographics, and the year of admittance. Given these controls, we find that a 1% increase in the net tuition price decreases the probability that an admitted student will enroll by about …
Financial Determinants Of Yield Rates For Bachelor Of Arts And Sciences Colleges, Kainoa Cuttitta, Mariah Moore
Financial Determinants Of Yield Rates For Bachelor Of Arts And Sciences Colleges, Kainoa Cuttitta, Mariah Moore
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This paper investigates the effects of financial factors on the yield rates of Bachelor of Arts and Sciences colleges. We define the yield rate as the percentage of students accepted who choose to enroll. Our data is drawn from the Integrated Post-secondary Education Data System (IPEDS) and consists of 107 Bachelor of Arts and Sciences colleges during the period from 2010 to 2016. Controlling for institutional factors, we find that the responses of the yield rate to increases in federal student loans and increases in tuition and room and board costs are negative and inelastic, while the response to changes …
Forecasting New Housing Starts Using Real Gdp And Average 30-Year Fixed Mortgage Rates, Lindsay Fowler
Forecasting New Housing Starts Using Real Gdp And Average 30-Year Fixed Mortgage Rates, Lindsay Fowler
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This research analyzes the short and long run relationships between new housing starts (HOUS), real gross domestic product (RGDP), and average 30-year fixed mortgage rates (AFM) over the period 1972:Q2 to 2018:Q3 in order to forecast housing starts for the fourth quarter of 2018. After concluding all three series exhibit unit roots, a cointegrating regression was used to test for a long run relationship between the variables. The hypothesis that HOUS, RGDP, and AFM are not cointegrated was rejected at the 5% level, indicating they maintain a long run relationship. Next, a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was estimated and …
Evaluating Factors That Influence Mvp Voting In The Nba, Zach Grate, Josh Holcomb
Evaluating Factors That Influence Mvp Voting In The Nba, Zach Grate, Josh Holcomb
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
We develop and test an empirical model to study the factors that affect variation in the proportion of MVP votes received by NBA players over the years 2007 to 2017. Our explanatory variables fall into two categories: player performance and team performance. The empirical results suggest that player performance variables, such as points per game, steals per game, offensive rebounds per game, and fouls per game, help to explain the proportion of MVP votes received by players. We found that team characteristics did not have a statistically significant influence on the proportion of MVP votes received by players.
The Economic And Demographic Determinants Of Oregon Lottery Sales, Chase Walker, Peter Arthur
The Economic And Demographic Determinants Of Oregon Lottery Sales, Chase Walker, Peter Arthur
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
Understanding the determinants of Oregon lottery sales is important, as lottery revenues fund a variety of government programs. Our research uses Oregon county-level per capita income data collected from the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and county-level demographic data collected from GeoFred, the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and Portland State Population Demographics to estimate how economic and demographic factors impact lottery sales in Oregon. The results indicate that the income elasticity of demand for the Oregon lottery is 1, implying that lottery sales represent a constant share of Oregonians’ incomes. Additionally, we find that lottery sales vary as a function of …
How Do Men’S Football And Basketball Programs Affect Athlete Graduation Rates At Ncaa Power 5 Conference Institutions?, James Vaughan
How Do Men’S Football And Basketball Programs Affect Athlete Graduation Rates At Ncaa Power 5 Conference Institutions?, James Vaughan
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
I study factors that explain variation in the six-year graduation rate for athletes in both the 2003 and 2009 academic cohorts across the Power Five Conferences of NCAA Division 1 academic institutions. I use data for 64 universities that play both football and men’s basketball collected from IPEDS, the NCAA, the NCAA Equity in Athletics Cutting Tool, and Sports Reference.com. The results reveal that an increase in revenue for Power 5 Conference football programs leads to lower overall graduation rates for student athletes while the presence of a basketball program has no effect.
What Attributes Explain Variation In The Prices Of Willamette Valley Pinot Noir?, Emily Walker, William Chase Meyers
What Attributes Explain Variation In The Prices Of Willamette Valley Pinot Noir?, Emily Walker, William Chase Meyers
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
Oregon Pinot Noir is known around the world for having a price point that many can afford while not abandoning the quality that was once only produced by reputable French Chateaus. Understanding what makes one bottle cost more than another is something that must be considered in order to find a price that will satisfy both the consumer and the winemaker. The hedonic pricing model used in this research employs data collected from winery websites such as the WineMag, a highly regarded website for ratings of wines across all price points. A cross sectional model is estimated. Results show that …
Capacity Utilization Rates Across Nfl Stadiums, Isaac Williams, Samantha Bennett
Capacity Utilization Rates Across Nfl Stadiums, Isaac Williams, Samantha Bennett
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
Attendance at NFL games has steadily increased for the past half-decade. Teams and the league as a whole have a direct interest in learning what brings fans to the games. This research studies the economic/demographic factors and team characteristics that affect stadium capacity utilization rates of NFL teams over the period from 2012 to 2016. Among the economic/demographic factors, we find that the more populated the city is where a team is located, the higher the team’s stadium capacity utilization rate. Among the team characteristics, our results indicate that having a new stadium, having more professional teams in a city, …
How Do Recessions Affect Colleges’ Costs?, Eric O. Igbinoba, Theo E. Petropoulos
How Do Recessions Affect Colleges’ Costs?, Eric O. Igbinoba, Theo E. Petropoulos
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
We estimated real total cost functions for private baccalaureate colleges for the academic years of 2003, 2007, 2010, 2014, and 2015. Using data for 242 colleges, collected from IPEDS, our results reveal that following the recessions of 2001 and 2008, the growth rate of colleges’ costs decreased compared to their pre-recession levels. And, we find that in the subsequent expansions, costs increased more rapidly. These results indicate that recessions have depressing effects on colleges’ cost growth in the short-term, but not the long-term.
A Hedonic Model For Housing Prices In Wilsonville, Oregon, David Petersen, Nathan A. Coe
A Hedonic Model For Housing Prices In Wilsonville, Oregon, David Petersen, Nathan A. Coe
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
We estimate a hedonic model for housing prices in Wilsonville, Oregon. Our data for 197 houses is drawn from Zillow for 2014 to 2017. We find that the number of bedrooms, the square footage of the house, and whether the house is single level are statistically significant factors affecting housing prices. Location variables are also found to be statistically significant. As an example, the price of a house on the Charbonneau Golf Course is estimated to be 15% higher than the price of a house located elsewhere in Wilsonville.
Factors Affecting The Winning Percentages Of Division Iii Football Teams, Michael Schrader, Eli Fults
Factors Affecting The Winning Percentages Of Division Iii Football Teams, Michael Schrader, Eli Fults
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
We study factors affecting the winning percentages of Division III football teams. Using data from the NCAA for the 2014 through 2016 seasons, we find that both offensive and defensive outcomes equally affect winning percentages. Our results suggest that when it comes to winning, there is no statistically significant difference between the impact of having a more prolific offense or having a solid defense.
An Empirical Analysis Of The Factors Affecting College Quarterback Prospect Signing Bonuses, Patricia Roberts, Joshua Cowell
An Empirical Analysis Of The Factors Affecting College Quarterback Prospect Signing Bonuses, Patricia Roberts, Joshua Cowell
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This paper provides an empirical analysis of the factors that affect the NFL signing bonuses for college quarterbacks. Our sample data is drawn from the official ESPN website, Spotrac, and the official NFL website for the years 2005-2016. It is composed of bonus data for college quarterbacks who were drafted into the NFL and received a signing bonus. Our explanatory variables include the quarterbacks’ total quarterback rating (QBR), height, weight, and dummy variables that control for the major conferences. We found that QBR and ratio of height to weight significantly affect signing bonuses.
How Do Institutional And Student Cohort Characteristics Affect Retention Rates At 4-Year, Private Baccalaureate Colleges?, Alisen Hinton
How Do Institutional And Student Cohort Characteristics Affect Retention Rates At 4-Year, Private Baccalaureate Colleges?, Alisen Hinton
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
Retention rates are crucial for colleges and universities to consider, both in an effort to maintain their student body, as well as to compete in higher education ranking systems. This research aims to use data provided by The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System to estimate the factors that affect the retention rates of private, four-year colleges classified by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education as Baccalaureate, both Arts and Sciences and Diverse Fields, using a time series cross-sectional model. Results indicated that five factors, out of the fifteen considered, were robust in determining retention rates. These were the …
Comparing The Causes Of Variation In The Female-Male Wage Ratio In 2009 And 2013, Christopher J. Garcia
Comparing The Causes Of Variation In The Female-Male Wage Ratio In 2009 And 2013, Christopher J. Garcia
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
The goal of this study is to compare the causes of variation in the female-male wage ratio across states in the recession year of 2009 and the non-recession year of 2013. The female-male wage ratio is the ratio of females’ wages to males’ wages. I estimate the effects of education differences between the genders, unionization, and the states’ minimum wages on the female-male wage ratio. I find that in both 2009 and 2013, education differences and unionization help to explain variation in the ratio.
Estimating The Factors That Explain Economists' Time Preferences, Bailey J. Smith
Estimating The Factors That Explain Economists' Time Preferences, Bailey J. Smith
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
Theory suggests that individuals’ characteristics, such as age and gender, may affect their rates of time preference. This paper empirically explores this “characteristic-time preference relationship.” Our sample is drawn from survey responses of economists belonging to the Association of Environmental and Resource Economics. We find that ideology, age, field of study, and the size of the institution where economists are employed are significant factors explaining economists’ time preferences.
What Is The Amenity Value Of Golf Course Living?, Kyle W. Hargrave
What Is The Amenity Value Of Golf Course Living?, Kyle W. Hargrave
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This paper estimates the amenity value of golf course living in both McMinnville and Newberg, Oregon. The data set consists of homes on and off the golf course in both cities and was collected on Zillow’s website from the past two years of home sales. I defined a home as being on the golf course if it was on the course-side of nearby streets, was located in the “green area” on the aerial map which roughly outlines the golf course perimeter, and also if the home description mentioned golf course frontage. I test the hypothesis that private golf courses have …
The Effect Of Player Performance On Free Agency Contract Value In Major League Baseball, Finn O. Mcmichael
The Effect Of Player Performance On Free Agency Contract Value In Major League Baseball, Finn O. Mcmichael
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This study estimates the effect of player performance on free agency contract values in Major League Baseball (MLB). We hypothesize that performance, as measured by Wins Above Replacement (WAR), has a positive effect on the contract value. To test this, we specify and estimate a linear regression for contract value as a function of current and lagged WAR values and other control variables. Using data from 82 major league position players during the 2013 and 2014 seasons, our results indicate that the current and lagged values of WAR have a significant, positive effect on contract value. Among the control variables, …
Factors Affecting The Probability That A Nfl Head Coach Will Be Fired, Kyle Belcher
Factors Affecting The Probability That A Nfl Head Coach Will Be Fired, Kyle Belcher
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
This study uses a logit model to analyze the factors affecting the probability that an NFL head coach will be fired. Our dataset is composed of fifty, randomly selected head coaches from the years 2004 to 2014. Explanatory variables included career experience, tenure, the previous year’s winning percentage, career playoff wins, whether or not the coach was in the playoffs the prior year, and race. The previous year’s winning percentage was found to significantly affect the probability a coach would be fired. The model’s correct prediction rate is 80%.
Who Gives? The Determinants Of Humanitarian Aid, Shane R. Whitson
Who Gives? The Determinants Of Humanitarian Aid, Shane R. Whitson
Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement
What traits must a state have to donate more humanitarian aid, and why do they do so? Research into this question often uses case studies to find answers. However, we seek to study the aggregate factors affecting a country's propensity to provide humanitarian aid. Using data from 183 countries over a 13-year period between 2001-2013, we estimate a linear regression model in which humanitarian aid is a function of GDP per capita, trade openness, economic freedoms, political freedoms, and civil liberties. The results conclude that a percent increase in GDP per capita will induce a nearly 3% increase in humanitarian …