Digital Commons Network^™

University Students' First Online Exam Experience: Is It Stressful Or Joyful?, Konul Abasli, Bahar Yakut Ozek, Abdulkhalig Mammadli

Higher Learning Research Communications

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine university students’ views on online exams during the pandemic. The study was carried out with the participation of 15 undergraduate students studying at an engineering university in Azerbaijan.

Methods: Interpretive phenomenology guided the study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using content analysis.

Results: Research findings showed that students experienced various problems in the online exam process. The inability to solve the technical problems encountered during exams and the perception that the instructors did not have sufficient knowledge about the conduct of the online exams made it difficult for …

"Azat, Ankakh, Artsakh": Music, Memory, And The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, Sasha Linn Arteaga

Music ETDs

In this thesis, I examine a selection of music videos, from those created in 2015 at the centenary of the Armenian Genocide, to those created in response to the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, considered by Armenians to be a continuation of the Armenian Genocide. To the Armenian people, Nagorno-Karabakh is part of their ethnic homeland and has maintained a majority-Armenian population and separatist government backed by the Republic of Armenia since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. I apply a music-as-text approach in this thesis, examining these music videos through examination of the visual, musical, and lyrical elements. I then analyze these videos …

Calming The Caucasus: Neutralizing Azerbaijan’S Military “Batna” To Restart The Peace Process In Nagorno-Karabakh (Artsakh), Patrick Babajanian

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

The article begins by surveying the historical background of the Artsakh conflict, from its ancient roots to the immediate aftermath of the 2020 war. It then introduces the key issue I identify as obstructing the peace process from resuming, namely Azerbaijan’s calculation that its military BATNA outweighs any value of continued negotiation. Next, the article evaluates two legal tactics the United States could implement in its national capacity to correct this situation, focusing on actions intended to limit Azerbaijan’s military strength by withholding foreign aid and enacting targeted sanctions, with the goal of achieving greater parity between Armenia and Azerbaijan …

Codification Of Civil Law In Azerbaijan: History, Current Situation And Development Perspectives, Natig Khalilov

Journal of Civil Law Studies

The Civil Code is the second most important legal act in the country after the Constitution, and the first in terms of volume. Due to its important role in the lives of citizens, the Civil Code is sometimes informally referred to as the “Economic Constitution.” At the same time, the Civil Code is the main document setting the rules for a market economy. This article is devoted to the processes of codification of civil law in Azerbaijan over the past 100 years. During the twentieth century, through the codification of civil law, Azerbaijan has adopted three Civil Codes, far more …

Budding Nationalism In The Black Garden; Nagorno Karabakh And The Role Of Conflict In Developing Azerbaijani National Identity, Kris Bohnenstiehl

History Theses

Azerbaijan's war with Armenia in late 2020, was dubbed the "Patriotic War" by Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and his supporters. Emphasizing the nature of conflict with Armenia as the greatest possible expression of Azerbaijani nationalism, the Aliyev cabinet has utilized the conflict to generate popular support for the authoritarian government. This paper delves into the history of Azerbaijan to flesh out the roots of the conflict and better understand how Azerbaijanis understand their own national identity.

Life Satisfaction And Tax Morale In Azerbaijan: Mediating Role Of Institutional Trust And Financial Satisfaction, Orkhan Nadirov, Khatai Aliyev, Bruce Dehning, Ilaha Sharifzada, Rafiga Aliyeva

Accounting Faculty Articles and Research

This paper examines the relationship between life satisfaction (measured as the self-reported satisfaction of each individual with their past life and goal achievements) and tax morale (measured as the likelihood of an individual’s intrinsic motivation to pay taxes). Using a large-scale survey dataset from Azerbaijan, it is documented that life satisfaction is positively associated with tax morale. Life satisfaction plays a significant role in increasing tax compliance practices. It is also important to note that there is a positive mediating effect of life satisfaction on tax morale through financial satisfaction and institutional trust. In line with our hypotheses, the results …

Practicality Or Principle: A Comparative Study Of The Origin Of Legal Protections On Gun Rights, Robert (Rj) Haskin

Honors Theses

This study examines the legal protections of the right to bear arms as an extension of John Locke’s principles of government. Whereas most studies of the right to bear arms focus on the contemporary practical consequences of an armed populace, I focus on the foundations of the right and how it has been exercised across the diverse circumstances of the U.S. and Azerbaijan to achieve the ideal of self-determination. Specifically, I detail and compare the political histories of each country leading up to their independence and how they obey Locke’s precepts. Given that the chief commonality between the two countries …

Guiding Principle 28: The Unfulfilled Promise To End Protracted Displacement In Azerbaijan, Kaleigh Rose Mclaughlin

Honors Thesis

In 1998 internal displacement became a major focus of international concern with the adoption the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement by the United Nations. This seminal document outlined the rights and protections of internally displaced persons (IDPs), as well as developing policy solutions for ending displacement. In the two decades since the adoption of the Guiding Principles, there has been an explosion of research into various case studies. This paper re-examines the case of Azerbaijan within a new theoretical framework. This paper uses the work of Walter Kalin, former UN Secretary-General on the Human Rights of Internally Displaced Persons …

Do Economic Linkages Through Fdi Lead To Institutional Change? Assessing Outcomes In Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan And Kyrgyzstan, Rachel Vanderhill, Sandra F. Joireman, Roza Tulepbayeva

Political Science Faculty Publications

Foreign direct investment (FDI) can deliver benefits beyond the provision of capital, such as efficiency gains. We argue that the theorised positive effects of economic linkage are reduced when linkages are based on natural resources. Domestic elite coalitions supporting reform are also weaker in countries with extensive natural resources. Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan have high-value natural resources and significant FDI, making them most likely cases for reform. Kyrgyzstan is a contrasting case as it has few natural resources. We find that the institutional reforms we would anticipate because of linkages have not occurred and those that exist are often cosmetic.

Classical Literature And The Retroaction Of Socialist Ideology—The Sovietization Of A Medieval Georgian Epic Poem And Its Mysterious Author, Diego Benning Wang

Madison Historical Review

Shota Rustaveli, presumed author of the medieval Georgian epic poem vepkhistqaosani (The Knight in the Panther's Skin), was one of the most celebrated cultural and historical figures in Soviet Georgia. However, not much is known about Rustaveli apart from his work. In this essay, I argue that a series of policies under the Soviet government transformed Rustaveli into a national symbol of Georgia, but the celebration of Rustaveli and his poem scarcely deviated from the ideological guidelines of the Soviet state. In discussing the impact and legacy of the Soviet promotion of Rustaveli, I purport to highlight the "national in …

Us Foreign Policy Toward Azerbaijan, 1991-2015, Galib Bashirov

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation aims to investigate the sources of United States (US) foreign policy toward Azerbaijan by examining the relative impact of domestic, geostrategic and structural factors in explaining US foreign policy toward the country. Azerbaijan is one of the newly independent states that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Despite its small size, the country’s strategic location, vast oil and natural gas reserves, and its conflict with Armenia over the Nagorno- Karabakh region elevated its importance and made Azerbaijan the center of interest for great powers. As the sole superpower after the end of the Cold War, the …

Who Reacts To Income Tax Rate Changes? The Relationship Between Income Taxes And The Motivation To Work: The Case Of Azerbaijan, Orkhan Nadirov, Bruce Dehning, Khatai Aliyev, Minura Iskandarova

Accounting Faculty Articles and Research

This research investigates the effects of income taxation on the motivation to work by employing a survey method for the Azerbaijan population. The two research questions of interest are, if subjects consider income taxes when deciding how many hours to work and how subjects would react to a hypothetical 5% income tax rate increase. Also examined are the responses to these questions between subjects with different socio-economic characteristics. Examining cross-sectional data of 326 respondents reveals that income taxes do not influence Azerbaijan labour market participants’ motivation to work, regardless of their socio-economic characteristics. Empirical results indicate that reactions to hypothetical …

Modalities And Citizen Bribe Offers : The Case Of Post-Soviet Corruption, Turkhan Sadigov

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This work analyzes relatively neglected side of corruption ‒ population bribe offers (as opposed to bureaucrats' bribe demand). The regional focus of the work is on the post-Soviet space, with Azerbaijan, Estonia and Russia as case studies. Drawing on all relevant theories and variables of corruption research, the manuscript emphasizes the importance of ideational factors of corruption in addition to material variables. To analyze ideational factors, the research introduces methodological innovation ‒ the concept of archetypal Modalities. The main argument of the work is that traditionalist value orientations (Local, Symbol and Passive modalities) are statistically significant in predicting the incidence …

Modelling The Impact Of Fiscal Policy On Non‑Oil Gdp In A Resource Rich Country: Evidence From Azerbaijan, Khatai Aliyev, Bruce Dehning, Orkhan Nadirov

Accounting Faculty Articles and Research

This paper analyses the impact of public expenditures and tax revenues on non‑oil economic growth in Azerbaijan for the period of 2000Q1‑2015Q2 by employing OLS, ARDL, FMOLS, DOLS, CCR and Granger Causality techniques. Different cointegration methods result in consistent results. In this study, there is strong evidence of significant long‑run positive contributions from public expenditures to non‑oil sector output. Results also show that tax revenues significantly slow down non‑oil economic growth in the long run. Granger Causality analysis finds the existence of a bidirectional short‑run association between non‑oil GDP and public expenditures, while tax revenues Granger Cause both variables. The …

Caucasian Powder Keg: Ramil Safarov’S Transfer And Its Effect On Armenian-Azerbaijani Relations, Daniel Rossi

Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Juniperus Communis In Morocco: Analyses Of Nrdna And Cpdna Regions, Robert P. Adams, Mustapha Rhanem, Andrea E. Schwarzbach

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Juniperus communis from Morocco was analyzed by DNA sequence data from nrDNA plus four cp DNA regions (4315 bp) and found to be in a clade with other J. communis from Europe. The sub-alpine, prostrate J. communis plants of Morocco, each only contained a single SNP and a one bp indel (deletion) in the trnSG sequence data for a total of 2 MEs (mutation events). The Moroccan prostrate J. communis appear to be a variant of J. communis of Europe and central Asia and not part of the var. hemispherica group.

Juniperus Communis In Azerbaijan: Analyses Of Nrdna And Cpdna Regions, Robert P. Adams, Vahid Farzaliyev, Alexander N. Tashev, Andrea E. Schwarzbach

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Juniperus 'pygmaea' from Azerbaijan was analyzed by DNA sequence data from nrDNA plus four cp DNA regions (4315 bp) and found in a clade with J. communis 'oblonga' (= J. communis) Armenia, not with J. c. forma pygmaea of Bulgaria. It seems prudent to not recognize this variant taxonomically but treat it as J. communis.

Constitution Making In The Countries Of Former Soviet Dominance: Current Development, Rett R. Ludwikowski

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Social Capital And Relational Work: Uncertainty, Distrust, And Support In Azerbaijan, Dustin S. Stoltz

Master's Theses - Sociology and Anthropology

Much of the social capital literature focuses on unambiguous social situations where actors share generalized trust or interpersonal trust. Drawing on in-depth fieldwork in northwest Azerbaijan, this thesis focuses instead on distrust and the negotiation of conflicting interpretations of shared norms within moments of informal social support. In such situations, participants engage in an on-going negotiation of the situation, drawing on available cultural conventions to make sense of situations and perform relational work. They ultimately create meaning out of on-going social interaction and accomplish locally viable forms of social support.

Ethnic Conflict And Forced Displacement: Narratives Of Azeri Idp And Refugee Women From The Nagorno-Karabakh War, Mehrangiz Najafizadeh

Journal of International Women's Studies

The region that now constitutes the Republic of Azerbaijan has witnessed a lengthy history of conflict between Azeris and ethnic Armenians living in Azerbaijan. This longstanding conflict has had severe consequences for Azerbaijan, and Azeri women have been especially affected as hundreds of thousands have been forced from their homes and now live as refugees or as internally displaced persons (IDPs). In this article, I examine Armenian-Azeri ethnic conflict and the plight of Azeri IDP/refugee women both in social historical context and through fieldwork that I have been conducting in Azerbaijan. I first establish the broader sociopolitical context by providing …

Impediments To Effective Decentralization In Azerbaijan: The Problem Of Competencies And Resources In Local Self-Government, Elvin Yusifli

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study explores the role of two institutional impediments, namely a lack of power and resources, which slow the development of Azerbaijan's local self-government. In spite of the fact that the last two Azerbaijani governments have accepted the rationale for and have taken steps towards democratic decentralization, local self-government has remained a weak component of the country's political and administrative system. The study argues that limited municipal powers, combined with a scant and unsustainable revenue stream, are one of, if not the most important, barrier to the institutionalization of Azerbaijan's local self-government. The study employs a descriptive mixed methods case …

The European Social Charter And Its Implementation In The Republic Of Azerbaijan, Zaka Mirzayev

Zaka Mirzayev Zaka

In the article the European Social Charter, the core of the European social model is studied from the perspective of its potential implementation challenges in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan's efforts for the due fulfillment of the Charter obligations are analyzed in light of its legislation and legal practice, as well as in the context of the government’s relevant national reports that have been submitted to the Council of Europe up to day. Further, theoretical and practical problems impeding the treaty’s full implementation in the country are identified. The article also deals with issues relating to the Charter’s international and …

The European Social Charter And Its Implementation In The Republic Of Azerbaijan, Zaka Mirzayev Zaka

Zaka Mirzayev Zaka

In the article the European Social Charter, the core of the European social model is studied from the perspective of its potential implementation challenges in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan's efforts for due fulfillment of the Charter obligations are analyzed in light of its legislation and legal practice, as well as in the context of the government’s relevant national reports that have been submitted to the Council of Europe up to day. Further, theoretical and practical problems impeding the treaty’s full implementation in the country are identified. The article also deals with issues relating to the Charter’s international and domestic …

Azerbaijan National Agency For Mine Action, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

In 1994, hostilities between Armenian forces and the Azerbaijani military ceased. Although a lasting peace agreement is still being negotiated, this ending marked the beginning of a long process of landmine and unexploded-ordnance removal in the region bordering Armenia. In 1999, the Government of Azerbaijan and the United Nations Development Programme signed an agreement that established the Azerbaijan Mine Action Programme to deal with landmine and unexploded ordnance clearance. The implementing agency of the Azerbaijan Mine Action Programme is the Azerbaijan National Agency for Mine Action, which is responsible for the planning, coordination, management and monitoring of all mine-action activities …

Transitioning Mine Action Programmes To National Ownership I Azerbaijan, Gichd

Global CWD Repository

In response to the limited guidance on the topic of transition to national ownership, the GICHD commissioned nine country case studies in 2011 to highlight different contexts, processes, challenges, good practices and lessons learnt from the process of transition to national ownership.

Based on lessons learnt and the good practices highlighted in the case studies, the GICHD, in collaboration with UNMAS, produced a Guide on Transitioning Mine Action Programmes to National Ownership.

Elements Of Azeri's Independent Foreign Policy: Energy, Geography, And Global Powers Rivalry., Muniz Omar Vera

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This work applies geopolitical concepts to elucidate how geography, energy, and rivalries among global powers affect the Azeri foreign policy. This research work uses a deductive method of qualitative research and a longitudinal analysis of qualitative variables. This study first reviews the most significant academic works in the field to delineate the framework of Azerbaijani foreign policy. Next, it discusses the geographical features of the Azeri landlocked territory and its influence over foreign policy. Then the study presents how Azerbaijan uses its energy as a leverage tool in its foreign policy. The fourth chapter analyzes the current competition between two …

Superpower Responsibility For State Recognition: Charting A Course For Nagorno-Karabakh, Amit Chhabra

Amit Chhabra

Nations routinely refrain from intervening in one another’s domestic affairs out of mutual respect for territorial integrity and international comity. On this basis, the international community has since 1994 determined to not recognize the Nagorno-Karabakh region (NKR) as independent from the Republic of Azerbaijan, with the understanding that this view might change if an OSCE -sponsored negotiation effort determines that NKR should gain de jure independence rather than obtain a semi-autonomous status within Azerbaijan. By contrast, some of the world’s leading powers have quickly recognized or dismissed similar independence struggles, where doing so was guided by their own strategic interests …

Macrofungi Of Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan) Autonomous Republic, Hami̇de Seyi̇dova, Elşad Hüseyi̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this article, an attempt has been made to establish the species composition of the macrofungi of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. A total of 73 species of macromycetes were registered, 2 belonging to the division Ascomycota and 71 to the division Basidiomycota. The trophic structure for the fungal species is as follows: 22 lignicolous and 51 terricolous. Fifty-three species were added to the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic mycobiota; 8 species of them were added to the mycobiota of Azerbaijan as new records.

Ngo-State Relations: Freedom House Status And Cooperation Versus Conflict, Jacquelyn Ann Schroeder

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Based on previous academic literature, relationships between non-governmental organizations and governments are categorized as being either generally cooperative or generally conflictual, and vary state to state. Considering an assumption that more freedom afforded to a state provides space in society for a more vibrant third sector, it seems intuitive that states with more freedom will experience more cooperative relationships with the NGO sector than states with less. However, six case studies illustrate that this may not always be a correct assumption. To test this hypothesis, Freedom House statuses between 1991 and 2011 are averaged to provide an overall status of …

Cosmopolitanism And Suppression Of Cyber-Dissent In The Caucasus: Obstacles And Opportunities For Social Media And The Web, Brian J. Bowe, Michigan State University, Robin Blom

Journalism Faculty Publications

Around the world, social media offer an informal virtual space for citizens who feel disenfranchised to connect socially. But for those who live in countries such as the three former Soviet republics of the Caucasus — where free expression is curtailed and official news outlets are under government censorship — information and communication technology (ICT) offers an increasingly important alternative vehicle for political expression. Recent developments in Tunisia, Egypt, and Iran demonstrate how blogging and social media tools may fulfill a crucial role for non-journalists and oppositional groups that journalism serves in more democratic societies. This article considers the use …