Digital Commons Network^™

Assessment Of Grain Safety In Developing Nations, Jose R. Mendoza

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Grains are the most widely consumed foods worldwide, with maize (Zea mays) being frequently consumed in developing countries where it feeds approximately 900 million people under the poverty line of 2 USD per day. While grain handling practices are acceptable in most developed nations, many developing nations still face challenges such as inadequate field management, drying, and storage. Faulty grain handling along with unavoidably humid climates result in recurrent fungal growth and spoilage, which compromises both the end-quality and safety of the harvest. This becomes particularly problematic where there is little awareness about health risks associated with poor …

Characterizing Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Associations In Corn Inoculated With Soil From Till Or No-Till Farmlands, Catherine Defouw

Student Summer Scholars Manuscripts

Many crops have mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) associations that positively affect plant and soil health. AMF likely mitigates agricultural problems like topsoil depletion and compaction from tilling. The literature review on AMF associations under different practices showed the need for more studies. This project studied an AMF community's impact on soil quality and plant health in conventional till(CT) and no-till(NT) managed corn and soybean plants. Data was gathered from these fields in West MI, using field soil to inoculate greenhouse plants in normal/drought conditions. Three types of data were collected for each case: 1)AMF community via spore type and presence, …

Clopyralid Uptake Of Contaminated Compost‐Fertilised Corn, Ryuichi Uegaki, Munehiro Ebato, Madoka Sutoh, Yimin Cai

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Brown Stink Bug (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae) Natural And Simulated Damage On Field Corn Growth And Yield, William Christopher Hardman

Theses and Dissertations

Field corn, Zea mays L., is a commonly grown crop in Mississippi. Brown stink bug, Euschistus servus Say, is an insect that can infest field corn. Growers and consultants have expressed concerns of the difficulty in detecting infestations and estimating yield loss potential once damage is found in a field. The results of these experiments showed a relationship between damage severity, plant height, and yield loss. As damage severity increased, plant height and yield were significantly reduced. On a per area basis, yields were reduced when ≥ 10% plants were damaged. Mean plant heights were reduced when ≥ 20% plants …

Brochure, "Dortch's Southern Hybrid Seed Corn"

Farming in Arkansas

This is an advertising brochure for Dortch's Southern Hybrid Seed Corn produced by Robert L. Dortch in Scott.

Cultivator In Snow

Farming in Arkansas

Photograph of a horse-drawn cultivator resting in a snowy field with corn shocks behind it.

Influence Of Cover Crop Management Practices On Rainfed Corn Production In Semi-Arid Western Nebraska, Alexandre Tonon Rosa

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

With the increased cover crop (CC) popularity, producers of semi-arid regions of western Nebraska are questioning whether they could successfully incorporate CC into their rainfed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-corn (Zea mays L.)-fallow rotations. The major concern is that CCs may deplete soil water affecting the subsequent crop. Therefore, three studies were established under rainfed conditions of western Nebraska to access the effects of CCs on soil water, soil compaction, nutrient cycling, weed demographics, residue coverage, and subsequent corn yield. The first study evaluated the influence of CC planting and termination times prior to corn establishment. …

Beneficial Effect Of Injected Air Into Subsurface Drip Irrigation (Sdi) On Plant Growth Using Runoff From A Feedlot, D Dissanayake

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Due to water scarcity and increasing food demand, nonconventional water sources (e.g., human and animal wastewater) represent a valuable alternative to traditional water resources for agricultural use. Among these alternatives, treated animal wastewater, particularly feedlot runoff may represent a valuable solution in states like Nebraska due to its abundance. Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) is a low-pressure micro-irrigation system that delivers water to the crop root zone through buried drip tapes with embedded emitters at fixed intervals. Despite multiple advantages (great water application uniformity, high water use efficiency, and improve fertilizer application), SDI can lead to poor aeration in the rhizosphere …

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Research Studies 2019, Victor Ford, Jason Kelley, Nathan Mckinney Ii

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The 2020 Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Research Studies Series is the inaugural edition of this annual report and includes research results on all topics pertaining to corn and grain sorghum production including disease management, environmental/sustainability, irrigation, post-harvest drying, soil fertility, weed control, and research verification program results. Our objective is capturing and broadly distributing the results of research projects funded by the Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Board. The intended audience includes producers and their advisors, current investigators, and future researchers. The Series will also serve as a citable archive of research results. Research reports contained in this publication …

Cover Cropping In Soybean-Corn Rotation System: Economic, Agronomic, And Soil Fertility Impact, Jose Rodolfo Mite

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Planting winter-annual cover crops prevent soil erosion, reduces water runoff, and improves soil structure and soil quality. This research was conducted from 2017 to 2019 to evaluate the nutrient turnover of different species of cover crops in soils under different row crop production systems in Northeast and Central Louisiana. In Northeast Louisiana (Site 1, 2, and 3), treatments (cover crops and no cover crop) were arranged in a strip trial with three replications. At the Ben Hur Research Station, the treatments included three planting dates (September, October, and November) with [7 kg ha^-1 of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)] …

Analysis Of Finite Element Method On Dynamic Contact Of Corn Ear, Xinping Li, Ma Lei

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: According to the arrangement law of corn ear kernels, the solid model and the finite element model of the corn ear were established. ANSYS LS-DYNA software was used to analyze the distribution and transmission of stress on the corn ear shocked by wedge impact head. The simulation shows that on the corn ear the Von Mises of the region which is shocked is bigger than other region. Initial phase of the impact head shocking the corn ear, the Von Mises concentrate on both sides of shocked corn kernels. With the falling of the impact head, the Von Mises transmit …

Development Of Arkansas Net Energy Equation, Katie Hilton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The modern broiler is growing at a rapid rate generating tremendous amounts of heat. A sensitive Net Energy (NE) system is needed to measure body heat production (HP) generated primarily by daily maintenance and synthesis and degradation of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein. The first two chapters present evaluation of the classic way to calculate NE versus a new methodology; the Arkansas NE (Ark NE) system, with birds from two genetic lines fed diets with different AA content or different ME content in two different environmental temperatures.

Utilizing together the Net Energy maintenance (NEm), determined from indirect calorimetry, and Net Energy …

Midseason Nitrogen Sufficiency Guidelines For Corn Production In Arkansas Based On Tissue Analysis And Remote Sensing, Caio Luiz Dos Santos

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

There are a lack of tools to assess midseason nitrogen (N) status in corn (Zea mays L.) production systems and identify the need for additional N fertilization. This study was conducted to determine the ability of leaf N concentration (LN) and the Dark Green Color Index (DGCI) at the 10th collared leaf stage (V10), the 12th collared leaf stage (V12), and tasseling (VT) to predict if midseason N is required to maximize corn grain yield. From 2017 to 2019, eight field studies with 11 N treatments ranging from 0 to 258 kg N ha-1 were conducted on silt loam soils …

Developing A Method To Contain The Feeding Of The Wheat Curl Mite (Aceria Tosichella Keifer), Pierce Leef, Gary Hein

UCARE Research Products

To better understand the ecology and epidemiology of the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella Keifer) as a vector of wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), it is necessary to develop a method to confine the microscopic mites and their infection to specific areas of their host plants, particularly wheat and corn. In this study, corn was the plant of interest. The device developed for this mite-confining method was made by removing the lens of a phone camera lens clip and gluing a 2.5 cm x 4.5 cm piece of wood to the other arm of the clip. Clips were utilized by …

The Impacts Of Crop, Soil, And Water Management On Corn Silage Yield, Tina Sullivan

Student Research Symposium

A resource on the minds of nearly all in the Intermountain West is water. Increases in urban growth, less winter snowpack, watershed depletions, and persistence in drought continue to point towards the need to optimize water in agriculture. Numerous management practices today have water-saving capabilities or allow water to be used during more efficient times of the growing season. Some include advanced pivot technologies, drought tolerant crop genetics, and soil wetting agents. Many studies show these individual practices usually help optimize water use, yet few, have evaluated how these various combinations might combine or 'stack' to optimize water use. An …

Simulating Southern Rust Damage In Corn Through Defoliation, Michael Keith Shannon

LSU Master's Theses

The importance of leaf area to corn for grain production beginning at silking is well documented. However, being able to predict yield loss due to defoliators such as foliar plant diseases and insects that progressively increase in defoliation over time has been difficult to quantify. To address this issue, a leaf removal study was conducted at the Dean Lee Research and Extension Center located near Alexandria, Louisiana in 2017 and 2018. Two hybrids, differing in relative maturity were evaluated in this study. An early maturing hybrid (108 days in 2017 and 107 days in 2018) and a later maturing hybrid …

Randomizable Phenology-Dependent Corn Canopy For Simulated Remote Sensing Of Agricultural Scenes, M Grady Saunders

Theses

Crop health assessment and yield prediction from multi-spectral remote sensing imagery are ongoing areas of interest in precision agriculture. It is in these contexts that simulation-based techniques are useful to investigate system parameters, perform preliminary experiments, etc., because remote sensing systems can be prohibitively expensive to design, deploy, and operate. However, such techniques require realistic and reliable models of the real world. We thus present a randomizable time-dependent model of corn (Zea mays L.) canopy, which is suitable for procedural generation of high-fidelity virtual corn fields at any time in the vegetative growth phase, with application to simulated remote sensing …

Corn, Ann Henderson

All Current Publications

Corn is available from mid July through September. It is at its peak (best flavor and price) in August and September.

Effect Of Homofermentative Inoculant On Fermentation Characteristics And Nutritive Values Of Corn Silage, Nafeesa Qudsia Hanif, Iffat Tahira, Nighat Sultana, Mujahid Hasan

Journal of Bioresource Management

An in vitro study was planned to assess the effects of a homofermentative microbial inoculant on the fermentation parameters and nutritive value of corn silage. The inoculant was applied at concentrations of 5x10⁴cfu/g of forage (T1), 1x10⁵cfu/g of forage (T2) 1.5x10⁵cfu/g of forage (T3) and a negative control group (T0) without bacterial inoculant in three replicates each. At day 3, 7, 45 and 90 of the experiment individual buckets were opened to characterize the material, quick acidification, dry matter recovery, and aerobic stability of silage respectively. The temperature of the trial samples was 32.75±1.92 …

Soil Microbial Communities In Diverse Agroecosystems Exposed To The Herbicide Glyphosate, Ryan M. Kepler, Dietrich J. Epp Schmidt, Stephanie A. Yarwood, Michel A. Cavigelli, Krishna N. Reddy, Stephen O. Duke, Carl A. Bradley, Martin M. Williams, Jude E. Maula

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 American Society for Microbiology. Despite glyphosate's wide use for weed control in agriculture, questions remain about the herbicide's effect on soil microbial communities. The existing scientific literature contains conflicting results, from no observable effect of glyphosate to the enrichment of agricultural pathogens such as Fusarium spp. We conducted a comprehensive field-based study to compare the microbial communities on the roots of plants that received a foliar application of glyphosate to adjacent plants that did not. The 2-year study was conducted in Beltsville, MD, and Stoneville, MS, with corn and soybean crops grown in a variety of organic and …

The United States Love Affair With Maize: A National Security Issue?, Jared Kelly

Gettysburg Social Sciences Review

Maize is the most widely grown crop in the United States. The crop has a variety of applications being used for food, fuel, and in some industries. Maize is heavily integrated into the fabric of billions of lives across the world. The United States has encouraged the growth of a massive maize monoculture through the usage of government subsidies. However, this presents issues for the United States since it has created a large monoculture that is threatened by natural disasters, pest infestation, and bioterrorism attacks. Additionally, the cheap nature of the monoculture has additional externalities. Examples include decimated maize production …

Generación De Un Producto Mediante La Transformación De Cacao Y Maíz Para Beneficio De La Granja Villa Elcy, Municipio De Valencia, Córdoba, Carlos Mauricio Avila Gómez, Danna Marcela Osorio Rojas

Ingeniería Industrial

El presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de desarrollar un producto derivado del cacao y maíz cariaco con el objetivo de brindar satisfacción en mercados cercanos y la oportunidad de crecimiento y reconocimiento tanto para la granja, como para la comunidad del municipio de Valencia, Córdoba donde actualmente no existe un producto posicionado en el mercado que combine dichos alimentos y por ende no se genera un valor agregado. De esta manera se busca que los productores, es decir, las personas pertenecientes a la granja como los dueños y trabajadores que estén directamente involucrados con la transformación del cacao y maíz …

Corn Cropping Systems To Improve Economic And Environmental Health, Heather Darby, Lindsey Ruhl, Rory Malone, Sara Ziegler

Northwest Crops & Soils Program

In 2020, UVM Extension’s Northwest Crops & Soils Program continued a multi-year trial at Borderview Research Farm in Alburgh, VT to assess the impact of corn cropping systems on overall health and productivity of the crop and soil. Management choices involving crop rotation, tillage, nutrient management, and cover crops also make differences in the long term. Yields are important and they affect the bottom line immediately and obviously. Growing corn with practices that enhance soil quality and crop yields improves farm resiliency to both economics and the environment. This project evaluated yield and soil health effects of five different corn …

Sare Interseeding Cover Crops In Corn Silage Cropping Systems, Heather Darby, Sara Ziegler, John Bruce, Lindsey Ruhl

Northwest Crops & Soils Program

With increasing focus on minimizing environmental impacts from agriculture, farmers are looking for strategies that are good for farm and environmental viability. Cover cropping is one strategy that has been promoted to help farms improve soil health and minimize soil and nutrient losses to the environment. However, with a short growing season it is often difficult to get an adequate cover cropping following corn silage harvest. Therefore, farmers are interested in using interseeding techniques to establish cover crops into an actively growing corn crop. Being successful with this practice will likely require changes to other aspects of the cropping system …

Vermont Organic Silage Corn Performance Trial, Heather Darby, Ivy Krezinski, Rory Malone, Sara Ziegler

Northwest Crops & Soils Program

The University of Vermont Extension Northwest Crops and Soils Program conducted an organic silage corn variety trial in 2020 to provide unbiased performance comparisons of commercially available varieties. To determine varieties that are best suited to this production system and our region’s climate, we evaluated 9 commercially available organic corn silage varieties. It is important to remember that the data presented are from a replicated research trial from only one location in Vermont and represent only one season. Crop performance data from additional tests in different locations and over several years should be compared before making varietal selections.

Integrating Cover Crops And Manure Into Corn Silage Cropping Systems, Heather Darby, Sara Ziegler, John Bruce, Ivy Krezinski, Rory Malone, Lindsey Ruhl

Northwest Crops & Soils Program

With increasing focus on managing environmental impacts from agriculture, farmers are looking for ways to manage nutrients efficiently on their farms without sacrificing crop productivity. Cover cropping and no-till crop production are strategies that have been promoted as methods that help retain nutrients on farms and minimize losses to the environment. However, integrating these practices into the cropping system requires changes to other aspects of the system. For instance, manure management becomes more difficult when using no-till production methods as the timing or method of application may need to be altered to fit appropriately into the new production system. Farmers …

Vermont Non-Gmo Corn Silage Performance Trial, Heather Darby, Ivy Luke, Rory Malone, Sara Ziegler

Northwest Crops & Soils Program

In 2020, the University of Vermont Extension Northwest Crops and Soils Program evaluated yield and quality of six non-GMO corn silage varieties at Borderview Research Farm in Alburgh, VT. To successfully transition to growing non-GMO corn, farmers are looking for more information on non-GMO varieties that are available and perform well in our region. While the information presented can begin to describe the yield and quality performance of these non-GMO corn silage varieties in this region, it is important to note that the data represent results from only one season and one location.

Closing The Nutrient Loop Through An Innovative Organic Fertilizer Technology Field Tested For Corn, Heather Darby

Northwest Crops & Soils Program

Excess nutrients from agricultural, industrial, and wastewater runoff result in harmful algae blooms in rivers, lakes, and the ocean. Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorous can fuel the rapid growth of algae, which deprives the aquatic environment of oxygen and sunlight. This process, eutrophication, results in anoxic “dead zones” and threatens ecosystems and access to clean water.

In agriculture, this nutrient pollution can be controlled by implementing and improving practices that reduce runoff, such as building good soil structure and not over-fertilizing nitrogen and phosphorus using slow release fertilizers.

Decoding The Corn Field: Building Third-Grade Students’ Ideas About Plant Inheritance And Variation, D. Cisterna, E. Ingram, D. Bhattacharya, R. Roy, C. Forbes

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Bacterial Endophytes Isolated From Brassica Carinata And Their Potential Use To Decrease Nutrient Requirements In Crops, Alex Soupir

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bacterial endophytes have the capability to enhance plant growth by producing plant growth hormones, solubilizing phosphates, suppressing pathogenic fungi, and reducing plant stress hormones. These capabilities make them desirable limiting the amount of nutrients and pesticides that are applied to crops. Through these assays and isolations, it is possible to identify novel bacterial species. In-vitro testing had shown 9 of the 20 isolates possess the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) with Pantoea agglomerans BC09 producing a concentration of 30.2 ng/μl over 4 days. BC09, Bacillus subilis BC10, and Pantoea sp. BC12 were able to solubilize calcium phosphate, 7 endophytes …