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Characterization Of Phenolic Acids For Incorporation Into Shape Memory Polymer Foams, Jingyi Liu

Theses - ALL

Shape memory polymer (SMP) foams provide a promising new option for hemorrhage control on the battlefield; however, they lack a mechanism to control wound infections that can delay healing processes. Adding phenolic acids (PAs) into SMP foams provides a natural, non-drug option for incorporations of antioxidant and antimicrobial functionalities that may promote healing. However, PAs lack a systemic characterization of their structure/property relationships, and their chemical incorporation into SMP foams may alter their efficacy. In this work, a library of PAs was screened in terms of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties to provide a full understanding of how their structure affects …

Development Of Medical Devices For Osteoarthritis Diagnosis, Antimicrobial, Wound Closure, And Wound Ph Milieu Monitoring, Shuxin Li

Bioengineering Dissertations

Nanotechnology has been widely used in the field of biomedical engineering. For example, nanoparticles have been employed for targeted drug delivery due to their retention effect, increased permeability, site-specific targeting, and avoiding phagocytosis as foreign materials. Moreover, nanotools, such as liposomes, Q-dots, dendrimers, micelles, and carbon nanotubes, have been developed for disease diagnosis and treatment. Generally, the application of nanotechnology can be categorized as follows: nanomedicine, tissue regeneration, biomarker/biosensors, nanorobots, and gene therapy. In the past four years, I have been focusing on developing nanotechnology for diagnosis and treatment of many diseases such as osteoarthritis, open wound, and infection. Based …

Susceptibility Of Borrelia Burgdorferi Morphological Forms To Chemical Antimicrobials, Ann-Aubrey Kaiwilani Reid

Theses and Dissertations

Borrelia burgdorferi is the etiological agent of Lyme disease. Not much is known about the susceptibility of this organism to chemical disinfection. Current antimicrobial susceptibility test methods, such as those published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), usually require assessment of the number of colony forming units (cfu) of growing organisms on plates following exposure to an agent. For fast-growing organisms, plates are ready for counting 1-2 days post plating, while several weeks may be needed for slower growing organisms. Spirochetes, like B. burgdorferi are difficult to grow on solid media and typically require long incubation periods, …

The Effect Of Plant-Based Preservatives On The Reduction Of Microbiological Activity In Fresh Milk, Ali Rudari, Anil Krasniqi, Egzon Hasani, Ismail Ferati

UBT International Conference

The scope of this study has been the antimicrobial effect of plantbased preservative on fresh milk. Analyzes of the total number of microorganisms in milk have been carried out in accordance with the requirements of ISO 4833. From the samples taken randomly in the market were separated in two samples where one we analyzed the number of total microorganisms without using any treatment, while in the other one we analyzed the number of total microorganisms after adding a quantity of 0.4 ml preservative per 1 L milk. The results show that the number of microorganisms decreased by 26 times 30 …

Antimicrobial Properties Of Fucus Vesiculosus And Porphyra Dioica Collected From The Irish Coast., Lenka Jindrichova Miss, Annabel Higgins Hoare, Helen Hughes

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Various types of algae play an important role in entire ecosystem and has potential role in the continuous search for biologically active compounds with miscellaneous activities, such as antioxidant, antiviral and antimicrobial. The objective of this study was to study the antimicrobial properties of two diverse seaweeds, Fucus vesiculosus and Porphyra dioca. Antimicrobial compounds from both seaweeds could find potential future use in medical or food industries. Water content analysis was performed on both seaweeds and it was determined that high water content around 80% was apparent for both seaweeds, with higher consistency of water content found for Porphyra dioica …

Development And Characterization Of An Antimicrobial Polydopamine Coating For Conservation Of Humpback Whales., Ariana Tyo, Sonja Welch, Maureen Hennenfent, Pegah Kord Fooroshani, Bruce P Lee, Rupak Rajachar

Michigan Tech Publications

Migration patterns of humpback whales have been monitored using 316L stainless steel (SS) satellite telemetry tags. The potential for tissue infection and necrosis is increased if the bacteria, naturally a part of the diverse microbiome on the skin of humpback whales, can adhere to and colonize the surface of the tags. Polydopamine (pDA) has the potential to prevent the adhesion of one of the most prevalent bacterial strains on the surface of the skin of cetaceans (

Mining Biosynthetic Gene Clusters In Virgibacillus Genomes, Ghofran Othoum, Salim Bougouffa, Ameerah Bokhari, Feras F. Lafi, Takashi Gojobori, Heribert Hirt, Ivan Mijakovic, Vladimir B. Bajic, Magbubah Essack

All Works

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Biosynthetic gene clusters produce a wide range of metabolites with activities that are of interest to the pharmaceutical industry. Specific interest is shown towards those metabolites that exhibit antimicrobial activities against multidrug-resistant bacteria that have become a global health threat. Genera of the phylum Firmicutes are frequently identified as sources of such metabolites, but the biosynthetic potential of its Virgibacillus genus is not known. Here, we used comparative genomic analysis to determine whether Virgibacillus strains isolated from the Red Sea mangrove mud in Rabigh Harbor Lagoon, Saudi Arabia, may be an attractive source of such …

Exploring The Potential Of Endophytes And Medicinal Plants As Sources Of Antimicrobials To Control Citrus Greening, Jessica Dominguez

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Citrus greening is an economically disastrous bacterial disease that infects all species of citrus, and currently has no cure. It is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), an unculturable phloem-limited bacteria vectored by the sap-sucking insect Diaphorina citri. Citrus greening has spread to every citrus-producing county in Florida; thus, there is a crucial need to develop environmentally safe treatments to reduce or eliminate CLas. It was hypothesized that endophytic microorganisms isolated from survivor citrus trees would show antagonistic activity against CLas; also, that plant extracts with known antimicrobial properties could suppress CLas. Oregano, thyme and turmeric extracts in the …

Polymeric Composites With Silver (I) Cyanoximates Inhibit Biofilm Formation Of Gram-Positive And Gram-Negative Bacteria, S. R. Lotlikar, E. Gallaway, T. Grant, S. Popis, M. Whited, M. Guragain, R. Rogers, S. Hamilton, N. G. Gerasimchuk, M. A. Patrauchan

College of Natural and Applied Sciences

Biofilms are surface-associated microbial communities known for their increased resistance to antimicrobials and host factors. This resistance introduces a critical clinical challenge, particularly in cases associated with implants increasing the predisposition for bacterial infections. Preventing such infections requires the development of novel antimicrobials or compounds that enhance bactericidal effect of currently available antibiotics. We have synthesized and characterized twelve novel silver(I) cyanoximates designated as Ag(ACO), Ag(BCO), Ag(CCO), Ag(ECO), Ag(PiCO), Ag(PICO) (yellow and red polymorphs), Ag(BIHCO), Ag(BIMCO), Ag(BOCO), Ag(BTCO), Ag(MCO) and Ag(PiPCO). The compounds exhibit a remarkable resistance to high intensity visible light, UV radiation and heat and have poor solubility …

Assessment Of Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetics Curriculum In Schools And Colleges Of Pharmacy Across The United States, Gary Fong, Elias B. Chahine, Julie Ann Justo, Navaneeth Narayanan, Emily Heil, Kayla R. Stover, Jonathan C. Cho, Zach Jenkins, Conan Macdougall

Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Antimicrobial Properties Of Different Chitosans Against Gram-Negative And Gram-Positive Foodborne Pathogens In Food Products, Nancy Katherine Rubio Zapata

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Chitosan is a polymer derived of the deacetylation of chitin that is one of the most abundant material in nature. Chitosan solutions applied as edible coatings, and dipping solutions have shown positive results in the extension of shelf life on seafood and meat products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of a newly invented high molecular weight water-soluble (HMWWS) chitosan against selected Gram-negative (Salmonella Typhimurium, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio cholerae) and Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus) foodborne pathogens (initial inoculation of 6.5 Log). Chitosans with …

An Approach To Optimization Of Whole-Cell Catalyst Rhodococcus Rhodochrous Dap 96253 Production For Mold Control And As A Therapeutic, Kelly Cannon

Biology Dissertations

Rhodococcus rhodochrous is a ubiquitous soil bacterium that has long been employed in industry for its diverse metabolism. It has been used to convert acrylonitrile to acrylamide using urea and cobalt as inducers. Pierce et al. demonstrated that using induction conditions and propagation this microbe produces gasses that can delay the ripening in climacteric fruit as well as inhibiting the growth of post-harvest spoilage microbes on the fruits.

The relationship between R. rhodochrous DAP 96253, harvested fruits, and their pathogens was examined. Whole-cell immobilization was used to prolong the activity of the rhodococci, and a cold storage study was conducted …

Screening Of Crude Microalgal Extracts For Antimicrobial Activity, Patrick Matulich

Theses & Dissertations

Microbial biofilm associated infections are a significant threat to patients with medical devices and are partially responsible for the increased resistance seen in nosocomial infections. The biofilm chemical and physical properties restrict access of chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, there is a need to enhance the antimicrobial effects of current chemotherapeutic agents. Microalgae live in competitive environments that include film-forming, opportunistic pathogens S. maltophilia and C. albicans. Extracts from 5 diverse species of microalgae were screened for antimicrobial enhancing effects against established biofilms with two different extraction solvents, 3:1 hexanes and isopropyl (HIPA) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF).

Three species, B. braunii, …

Antibacterial Activity Of Polymers: Discussions On The Nature Of Amphiphilic Balance, Edmund F. Palermo, Karen Lienkamp, Elizabeth R. Gillies, Paul J. Ragogna

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The purpose of this Viewpoint is to discuss the molecular design principles that guide development of synthetic antimicrobial polymers, especially those intended to mimic the structure of host defense peptides (HDPs). In particular, we focus on the principle of “amphiphilic balance” as it relates to some recently developed polyphosphoniums with somewhat atypical structure. We find that the fundamental concept of amphiphilic balance is still applicable to these new polymers, but that the method to achieve such balance is somewhat unique. We then briefly outline the future challenges and opportunities in this …

Short Communication: Influence Of An Aqueous Myrrh Suspension On Yogurt Culture Bacteria Over Yogurt Shelf Life, M. Alhejaili, D. W. Olson, C. Velázquez, M. Janes, C. Boeneke, K. J. Aryana

Faculty Publications

Myrrh is an essential oil and natural flavoring approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, and it has antibacterial and antifungal activity against pathogens. Our objective was to determine the effect of an aqueous myrrh suspension on Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus counts in peptone solution and yogurt, as well as pH and titratable acidity of yogurt during 5 wk of storage at 1 to 4°C. The myrrh suspension (10% wt/vol) was prepared and incorporated into a pure culture dilution in peptone and into yogurt mix at a 1% (vol/vol) level. A control with no myrrh was …

Fabrication And Characterization Of Centrifugally Spun Poly(Acrylic Acid) Nanofibers, David De La Garza, Francisco De Santiago, Luis Materon, Mircea Chipara, Mataz Alcoutlabi

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The production of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) nanofibers by the centrifugal spinning of PAA solutions in water is reported. The effect of the spinneret rotational speed and concentration of PAA solutions on the diameter of nanofibers and on their quality (assessed by the absence of beads) is discussed. The main physical properties of PAA such as glass-transition temperature (Tg) are studied in detail and compared to the feature of the as-received homopolymer. It is shown that the glass-transition temperature of the bulk PAA and PAA nanofibers (as measured by differential scanning calorimetry) depends on the heating rate according …

Oil Pulling: Fact Or Fad?, Cassandra N. Cooper

Dental Hygiene Student Scholarship

Problem: There is a greater need in today’s world for better oral care across all populations. In developing countries, the tradition of oil pulling has provided an affordable and accessible alternative to antimicrobial rinse agents. Western society has taken note of this and oil pulling has emerged as the latest oral hygiene fad.

Methods: This review of literature used the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar to identify relevant research articles. Search terms included oil pulling, coconut oil, sesame seed oil, oil swishing, oral health, periodontitis, gingivitis, and bacterial adherence. The studies reviewed used previously validated data collection methods …

Rapid Fabrication Of Silver Nanoparticle/Polydopamine Functionalized Polyester Fibers, Yanfen Zhou, Liang Jiang, Ya Guo, Zhenhua Sun, Zhiqing Jiang, Shaojuan Chen, Jianwei Ma, Stephen Jerrams

Articles

In this paper, silver nanoparticles functionalized poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers with antimicrobial activity, electrical conductivity and good coating stability are reported. Firstly, silver plated PET fibers were fabricated by rapid polydopamine (PDA) modification followed by electroless plating. Secondly, the surface morphologies and compositions of PDA modified and silver coated PET fibers were characterized by employing scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometry. Finally, the antimicrobial properties and electrical conductivity of the silver plated PET fibers were investigated. The results showed that the silver coated PET fibers exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity to both Escherichia coli and …

Synthesis And Antimicrobial Activity Of 1-(Benzo[B]Thiophen-4-Yl)-4-(2-(Oxo, Hydroxyl, And Fluoro)-2-Phenylethyl)Piperazine And 1-(Benzo[D]Isothiazole-3-Yl)-4-(2-(Oxo, Hydroxy, And Fluoro)-2-Phenylethyl)Piperazine Derivatives, Vaibhav Mishra, Tejpal Singh Chundawat

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Twenty-two compounds in a series of 1-(benzo[$b$]thiophen-4-yl)-4-(2-(oxo, hydroxy, and fluoro)-2-phenylethyl) piperazine and 1-(benzo[$d$]isothiazole-3-yl)-4-(2-(oxo, hydroxy, and fluoro)-2-phenylethyl)-piperazine derivatives were synthesized through nucleophilic substitution reaction of phenacyl bromides with hetero arylpiperazine, reduction, and then fluorination. Compound K2 showed potent activity against gram-negative bacterial stain P. aeruginosa with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 12.5 μg/mL. This compound showed better inhibitory activity than the standard drug chloramphenicol. K4 against S. aureus, H2 against P. aeruginosa, and F4 against E. coli showed good inhibitory activity with MIC values of 62.5 μg/mL. Compounds K1, K2, K4, K8, F1, and F3 showed good inhibitory activity against …