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Risk Representations And Confrontational Actions In The Arctic, Sybille Reinke De Buitrago
Risk Representations And Confrontational Actions In The Arctic, Sybille Reinke De Buitrago
Journal of Strategic Security
The Arctic is undergoing rapid changes and gaining geopolitical attention. The effects of climate change in the region lead to both potential and hopes for new resources, new or shorter transit routes, and other opportunities. Most Arctic coastal states have come forward with interest articulations. Some coastal states also see their national security and sovereignty at risk. While the region has seen a significant level of cooperation in some areas in the past, current developments seem to motivate both stronger risk representations and confrontational actions. Among the coastal states, particularly Canada, the United States, and Russia express increasing points of …
The Global Positioning System And Military Jamming: The Geographies Of Electronic Warfare, Tegg Westbrook
The Global Positioning System And Military Jamming: The Geographies Of Electronic Warfare, Tegg Westbrook
Journal of Strategic Security
GPS supports infrastructure assets that are essential to the functioning of national and international banking operations, power grid, transportation, and communication systems, therefore its reliability and accuracy is critical. GPS boosts productivity around the world and has radically changed military operations. Despite the importance of GPS, the relative weakness of GPS signals are vulnerable to interference. This weakness provides a range of opportunities for criminals, terrorists and state actors using GPS jamming devices. Different types of jammers can cause varying degrees of interference, but the use of powerful military jammers are becoming more prevalent. This article provides an overview of …
Russian Influence In Latin America: A Response To Nato, Mason Shuya
Russian Influence In Latin America: A Response To Nato, Mason Shuya
Journal of Strategic Security
Since facing international backlash from the West over the situation in Ukraine, Russia has had to focus on new international agreements. In retaliation for NATO expansion towards the east, Russia has sought to create these agreements in Latin America. Russia has specifically sought greater ties with Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Brazil, and Mexico. Currently, these countries maintain close economic ties with the United States. However, new military agreements are giving Russia greater military access to the region and access to locations that would facilitate greater ease in conducting military and espionage operations against the United States.
India’S Maritime Diplomacy In South West Indian Ocean: Evaluating Strategic Partnerships, Chinmoyee Das
India’S Maritime Diplomacy In South West Indian Ocean: Evaluating Strategic Partnerships, Chinmoyee Das
Journal of Strategic Security
Being a maritime nation with considerable economic and military power, India has shown keen interest in demonstrating its role as a major security provider in the IOR. In the Southwest Indian Ocean too, India has sought to develop a security presence and strengthen its position by capitalising on its historic ties with the littoral nations of the region through provision of military training, defence equipment and security advisors. India’s efforts are mostly directed at making the Indian influence more visible in the strategic affairs of the region that seem to be clouded by the increasing Chinese forays into the region. …
The Changing Dynamics Of Twenty-First-Century Space Power, James Clay Moltz
The Changing Dynamics Of Twenty-First-Century Space Power, James Clay Moltz
Journal of Strategic Security
Many recent assessments of space power have posited a US decline and predicted a gloomy future in comparison to China and Russia. However, such analyses—based almost exclusively on state-run activities—present only part of the picture. In the twenty-first century, a new form of bottom-up, net-centric, commercially led space innovation is emerging that promises cheaper and more timely technological developments to those nations that can effectively tap into them, thus reshaping traditional definitions of space power. This study first sets a baseline by focusing on Cold War space power determinants, next analyzes recent changes among the three leading spacefaring nations, and …
Shifting Policies In Conflict Arenas: A Cosine Similarity And Text Mining Analysis Of Turkey’S Syria Policy, 2012-2016, Brendon J. Cannon, Mikiyasu Nakayama, Daisuke Sasaki, Ash Rossiter
Shifting Policies In Conflict Arenas: A Cosine Similarity And Text Mining Analysis Of Turkey’S Syria Policy, 2012-2016, Brendon J. Cannon, Mikiyasu Nakayama, Daisuke Sasaki, Ash Rossiter
Journal of Strategic Security
Turkish policy towards the Syrian civil war, as operationalized in relation to the implementation of no-fly zones, safe zones or buffer zones, has been the subject of much debate among scholars. As the number of foreign states acting in Syria has steadily increased since the onset of the crisis, Turkish policies have similarly shifted. In order to make sense of Turkey’s actions and reactions in the first five years of the Syrian civil war, this article attempts to draw lessons from quantitative methods and methodologies such as text mining, cosine similarity and cosine normalization of content from the Anadolu Agency …
Can Volunteer Forces Deter Great Power War? Evidence From The Baltics, Lionel Beehner, Liam Collins
Can Volunteer Forces Deter Great Power War? Evidence From The Baltics, Lionel Beehner, Liam Collins
Journal of Strategic Security
Deterrence theory typically focuses on states’ armed forces and other tools of coercion. However, what about the resolve, resilience, and willingness of ordinary civilians who voluntarily organize and arm themselves as reservist militias to defend their homeland? Can well-armed volunteers in smaller states deter larger powers? We examine the case of the Baltic States and Russia, one of the central fault lines of global politics. Questioning the commitment of NATO to their collective security, the governments of the Baltic States have begun to actively arm, organize, recruit, and train thousands of volunteer reservists to defend their homelands from an asymmetric …
Delegated Interstate War: Introducing An Addition To Armed Conflict Typologies, Jakob Hauter
Delegated Interstate War: Introducing An Addition To Armed Conflict Typologies, Jakob Hauter
Journal of Strategic Security
Drawing the dividing line between civil and interstate war can be a difficult task. This task is made even more difficult by a gap in the current typology of armed conflict. The conflict studies literature in general and the coding rules of the Uppsala Conflict Data Program in particular acknowledge that internal conflict can involve external actors but ignore that interstate conflict can be disguised as internal rebellion. This creates an unnecessary risk of categorization errors and a risk of neglecting the potential complexity of interstate conflict in the modern world. This article uses Idean Salehyan's distinction between intervention and …