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Pursuing Resilience Of Coastal Communities Through Sustainable And Integrated Urban Water Management, Pacia Díaz

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Reliability of water supply in the urban setting has become essential for communities to function and thrive. It is needed for more than mere human consumption and well-being. Although modern cities have water treatment and distribution systems, pressures from urbanization, population growth and the anticipated pressures of climate change are affecting the quality of water supply and the reliability of treatment and distribution systems. There is therefore an urgent need to take appropriate measures to improve the resilience of water supply systems before the impacts are irreversible.

Improving the resilience of water supply systems can be a challenge. In the …

Economic Impacts Of Groundwater Salinity In Louisiana, Rajan Dhakal

LSU Master's Theses

In the United States, nearly 60 million acres of land is affected by water and soil salinity problems that pose a serious threat to the long-term economic and environmental viability of the agricultural sector. Understanding the economic impacts of soil salinity in agricultural lands is essential for planning farming practices in several salinity affected regions. This study presents a two-stage approach to assess the damage from salinity in two major aquifers in Louisiana. In the first stage, looking at the trend of rise in salt content within these aquifers, I predict the future level of salinity by assuming three different …

Relative Salt Tolerance Of 22 Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) Cultivars, Youping Sun, Genhua Niu, Joseph G. Masabni, Girisha Ganjegunte

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the relative salt tolerance of pomegranate (Punica granatum) cultivars. Twenty-two pomegranate cultivars were irrigated weekly with a saline solution at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 10.0 dS·m–1 for 4 weeks and subsequently with a saline solution at an EC of 15.0 dS·m–1 for another 3 weeks (salt treatment). Another group of uniform plants was watered with a nutrient solution without additional salts at an EC of 1.2 dS·m–1 (control). No visual foliar salt damage (leaf burn, necrosis, or discoloration) was observed during the entire experimental period; however, salt treatment impacted pomegranate growth negatively, …

Evaluating The Effects Of Hydrogeologic Processes On The Fate Of Salinity And Halogens In Headwater Catchments, Kristina M. Gutchess

Dissertations - ALL

The transport of solutes from their source to natural water systems is a critical control on the chemistry and potability of drinking water supplies. Therefore, developing a thorough understanding not only of contaminant sources, but also of the controls on the movement of solutes through catchments, is essential to providing accurate assessments of how future environmental stressors (e.g. land cover, population growth, and climate change) may affect water resources.

Halogens (specifically, chloride (Cl), bromide (Br), and iodine (I)) occur naturally at low levels in terrestrial aquatic ecosystems, and may also originate from a suite of anthropogenic sources. Due to their …

Quantifying Factors That Influence Road Deicer Retention And Export In A Multi-Landuse Upstate New York Watershed, David Joseph Saba

Graduate Dissertations and Theses

Chloride contamination of streams and groundwater has become a prevalent issue throughout urbanizing areas in the last half century, particularly in northern latitudes where deicing salts are applied to roadways. This study determined how deicer impacted runoff disperses through sub-urban and urban areas on seasonal and multi-year scales. Chloride concentration changes were then modelled under varying pollutant loading scenarios through an integrated catchment model (INCA-Cl).

Six in-stream conductivity/stage/temperature sondes, recording at 15-minute intervals, were installed within the small (~9.6 km2) Fuler Hollow Creek multi-landuse watershed in Broome County NY and monitored over a 1-year period. Weekly grab samples were taken …

Electrochemical And Corrosion Examination Of Copper Under Deep Geologic Conditions For The Application Of Nuclear Waste Containers, Taylor L. Martino

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Copper is the selected material for the fabrication of nuclear fuel waste containers in Sweden, Finland and Canada due to its corrosion resistance in the anoxic aqueous environments, anticipated in deep geological repositories. A potential oxidant for copper is bisulphide produced either by the dissolution of minerals or by sulphate-reducing bacteria. The primary goals of this thesis were to determine the mechanism of corrosion of copper in bisulphide environments and to investigate the chemistry of the bentonite porewater that will ultimately be in contact with the copper container.

The mechanism of sulphide film growth and the details of copper corrosion …

Characterization Of Groundwater And Surface Water Geochemistry In An Agricultural Setting At Eku Meadowbrook Farm, Madison County, Kentucky, Reid E. Buskirk, Walter S. Borowski, Jonathan M. Malzone

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Agricultural activities often contaminate watersheds with excess nutrients leading to poor water quality and eutrophication. Eastern Kentucky University (EKU) Meadowbrook Farm raises crops and livestock, which contribute dissolved nutrients to the neighboring Muddy Creek watershed. Consequently, the Farm is developing methods to sequester phosphorous and limit nutrient contamination.

Before phosphorous sequestration methods can be tested, Farm surface water and groundwater geochemistry must be better understood to determine hydrological pathways for nutrients. We use naturally-occurring dissolved cations, pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), specific conductivity (SC), dissolved oxygen (DO%), total hardness, and alkalinity as chemical tracers to parse the contribution of dissolved ions …

Micro-Scale Study Of Multi-Component Ionic Transport In Concrete, Ganlin Feng

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete due to chloride ingress is one of the main causes of the deterioration of reinforced concrete structures, particularly in marine environments. It is therefore important to develop a reliable prediction model of chloride ingress into concrete, which can be used to predict the chloride concentration profiles accurately to help to assess the service life for reinforced concrete structures. Cementitious materials are porous media with a highly complex and active chemical composition. Ionic transport in cementitious materials is a complicated process involving mechanisms such as diffusion, migration, ionic binding, adsorption and electrochemical interactions taking place …

Effects Of Sodium And Chloride Source And Concentration On 15- To 25-Lb Nursery Pig Growth Performance, D. J. Shawk, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, J. M. Derouchey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 360 barrows (initially 15.6 lb; Line 200 × 400; DNA, Columbus, NE) were used in a 21-day trial to determine effects of source and concentration of dietary Na and Cl on nursery pig growth performance. Upon entry to the nursery, pigs were randomly allotted by body weight and fed a common starter diet (0.33% Na and 0.76% Cl) for 8 days. On day 8 after weaning, considered day 0 in the trial, pens were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to 1 of 6 dietary treatments that were fed from day 0 to 14. Experimental treatments …

Salt Retention In Wetland Soils And Effects On Dissolved Organic Carbon Export, Kayla Marie Mcguire

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Deicing salt runoff has negative effects on ecosystems. Wetland ecosystems can act as important filters for runoff pollution (e.g., nutrients), mitigating damage to plants and microbes. Wetlands are important sinks for nutrients and pollutants (e.g., road salt) and transformation spots for many nutrients including carbon. The interactions between deicing salt runoff and wetland soil carbon were explored by measuring chloride export and retention, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export, and carbon quality using mesocosm experiments. Net retention of Cl- was highest in soils receiving high salt treatments (5.0 g/L NaCl), although percent retention of Cl- was greater in soils receiving moderate …

A Study Of The Durability In Class-M Concrete Due To Chlorid Permeability, Amelia Suzanne Riley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

The service life of reinforced concrete structures is dependent on the integrity of the steel within the concrete. Over time, due to exposure, chloride and other minerals can penetrate the concrete. Once these materials get to the reinforcing steel, the chloride and oxygen start to corrode and deteriorate the steel. This deterioration will cut the service life of a bridge down dramatically. To prevent this, the permeability of concrete was studied to determine the service life of one of the new Class-M concretes and a Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) mix designs; both developed to produce higher quality concrete. This paper looks …