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What Affects Parents’ Choice Of Milk? An Application Of Bayesian Model Averaging, Yingzhe Cheng

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

This study identifies the factors that influence parents’ choice of milk for their children, using data from a unique survey administered in 2013 in Hunan province, China. In this survey, we identified two brands of milk, which differ in their prices and safety claims by the producer. Data were collected on parents’ choice of milk between the two brands, demographics, attitude towards food safety and behaviors related to food. Stepwise model selection and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) are used to search for influential factors. The two approaches consistently select the same factors suggested by an economic theoretical model, including price …

Evaluation Of Urea Hydrolysis As A Biomarker For Detecting Pathogenic Vibrio Parahaemolyticus In Clinical Isolates And Raw Oysters, Maryam Kate Mohammadi-Aragh

Theses and Dissertations

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) infection is commonly caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish. Raw oysters are associated with most Vp outbreaks. Pathogenic Vp express thermostable-direct hemolysin (tdh) and to some extent thermostable-related hemolysin (trh). Additionally, some pathogenic Vp express urease (uh). The objectives of this work were to discern any relationships between urease (uh) expression, tdh/trh expression, and hemolytic activity in pathogenic and non-pathogenic clinical strains, and to compare urease, motility, tdh/trh expression, and hemolytic activity in raw oyster isolates. This information would determine if urease could be used as a biomarker to detect pathogenic Vp. About 80% …

Modeling For Thermal Resistance Of Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing Escherichia Coli In Ground Beef, Jagpinder S. Brar

Open Access Dissertations

Predictive models in microbiology are used for estimating the growth or survival of microorganism in a set of environmental conditions. A validated predictive model provides an alternative to extensive survival and shelf life studies. In this study, a predictive inactivation model for non-O157 shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in ground beef was developed. Six strains of non-O157 STEC; E. coli O26:H1, E. coli O45:H2, E. coli O103:H2, E. coli O111:H8, E. coli O121:H9, and E. coli O145: nonmotile, has similar pathogenicity as E. coli O157:H7 and can cause serious food borne illnesses. These pathogens are considered as an adulterant …

The Effects Of Using Cinnamon Leaf And Bark Essential Oils On Listeria Monocytogenes (L.M.), Salmonella Typhimurium (S.T.), In Model System, Strawberry Shake And Fresh Celery, And Sensory & Shelf Life Studies, Wafaa Brnawi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Essential oils derived from the bark and leaves of the cinnamon plant have long been used as natural preservatives and flavoring agents in different types of foods. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial effects of cinnamon essential oils (CEOs), obtained from cinnamon leaf or bark, against two foodborne pathogens i.e., Salmonella Typhimurium (S.T.) and Listeria monocytogenes (L.m.). Two different concentrations of microbial loading were used i.e.,109 and 104, cultured in nutrient media broth, strawberry shakes, and on celery sticks. Both CEOs of leaf and bark at 0.5% and 1% were found to completely inhibit S.T. and L.m., immediately after …

Fsma: The Future Of Food Litigation, Robert Shawn Hogue

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

Good Agricultural Practices Certification For Small-Scale Produce Processors: A Case Of Food Safety, Barrett Vaughan, Demetrius Hooks, Miles Robinson

The Journal of Extension

A case study illustrates both the process undertaken by a small produce-processing facility to become certified as having food safety good agricultural practices (GAP) and associated assistance provided by Extension. Information was collected from four U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service audits conducted over 2 years. The audits resulted in certification of the facility for processing southern peas and leafy greens at the Harmonized GAP with Global Markets Program Intermediate Level. The case study details the changes the facility implemented to become compliant with the requirements identified during the audits. It was concluded that broad and extensive Extension training …

Sharing Resources: A Bistate Extension Specialist Position, Londa Nwadike, Jo Britt-Rankin, Paula Peters

The Journal of Extension

As Extension budgets across the United States continue to tighten, sharing a specialist between states could become an increasingly effective way to provide high-quality programming at a lower total cost. This article describes the working modalities, benefits, challenges, and outputs of an existing two-state Extension consumer food safety specialist position. Overall, this bistate position has been beneficial to both states involved. The model could be implemented in other states, and the descriptions of aspects of the position provided in this article may be instructive for states considering such an option.

Pitfalls Of The Food Safety Modernization Act: Enhanced Regulation, Minimal Consumer Benefit, And Zero Tolerance Levels For Naturally-Occurring Trace Pathogens, Lindsey Lazopoulos Friedman, Wesley Van Camp

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

Congress enacted the Food Safety Modernization Act (“FSMA”), to regulate the fresh produce industry in the United States and increase consumer safety when handling and consuming raw produce. But FSMA risks imposing a zero tolerance policy on raw produce, even where a naturally occurring low-level pathogen, such as listeria, is found in negligible amounts. A zero tolerance policy for all naturally-occurring pathogens does not increase consumer safety, and only serves to increase the cost of raw produce for consumers. This article begins with a summary of the modern history of FSMA, including a brief overview of how the law has …

Development Of Bacteriophage Based Detection Technique For Food Safety And Environment Monitoring, Ziyuan Wang

Doctoral Dissertations

Foodborne or waterborne pathogens which are responsible for numerous worldwide outbreaks of disease have caused serious health problems and enormous economic cost. Development of new bacterial detection technologies with high sensitivity and specificity is of great importance for food safety and public health. This has highlighted the significance of developing rapid and effective techniques for pathogen screening. Thus we aim to explore a bacteriophage mediated detection system for foodborne or waterborne bacteria monitoring. Bacteriophage as a novel recognition probe has been applied in various biosensor by immobilizing phage particles on solid sensor surface. They possess high specificity for targeted microorganism …

Examining Two Sides Of Food System Challenges: A Case Study Of The Potential Impacts Of The Food Safety Modernization Act On U.S. Produce Growers And A Descriptive Analysis Of The International Food Certification Industry, Kathryn E. Lynch

Masters Theses

The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) represents a major change to U.S. food policy. Because several FSMA rules require that covered businesses comply with standards by 2019 at the latest, the legislation is expected to have considerable effects on the U.S. food system in the near future. This research examines potential challenges associated with two different FSMA rules. The first essay uses farm-level data from the 2012 Census of Agriculture to estimate the number of farms and acres covered by the FSMA Final Rule on Produce Safety in the California, the Northeast, and the entire U.S. Industry information and interviews …

National Food Safety: Training, Education, Extension, Outreach, And Technical Assistance Program And The National Curriculum Stand For Food Protection Professionals, Gerald Wojtala

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

No abstract provided.

Technological, Policy, And Organizational Issues In The Response To Biological Emergency Incidents In The Us Food Supply, Kristina J. Owens

Theses

Numerous emergency incidents in U.S. food supply occur each year. Incidents include invasive pests and diseases impacting agriculture crops and foodborne pathogens contaminating meat and poultry. An effective response is not just dependent on the technology that is being used, but also policy and organizational factors. This research is a cross-case analysis of two federal regulatory and emergency response agencies under the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). This research analyzes how each agency uses technology, policy and organizational factors to responds to their respective emergencies. This study also …

Food Safety And Sanitation In Various Kinds Of Restaurants Salads In Ramallah Al-Bireh Governorate, Palestine, Ansam Al-Khatib, Badrieyeh Qaimary, Shayma' Hijazi, Issam A. Al-Khatib

Palestinian Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

food safety and sanitation is a major public health concern due to its importance to people's lives and their health; as many diseases are avoidable whenever food consumed was clean, safe, and in a good quality free of pathogens. Our fast life enforces majority of people to consume fast foods and meals outside homes, which if not appropriate, healthy and clean, will be a source of avoidable series of illnesses. data were taken from the Central Laboratories in the Palestinian Ministry of health; oPt, from the period (Jan, 2010- Sep, 2013). As excel data file, and we recoded variables and …

Farm-To-Fork Fresh Produce Food Safety: An Evaluation Of Perceptions, Knowledge, And Implementation Of Good Agriculture Practices In Kentucky, Daniel J. Sinkel

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Farmers’ markets have increasingly become a popular venue for purchase of fresh, locally-grown produce, with the number of farmers’ markets in Kentucky reaching an all-time high of 159 in 2016. Good Agriculture Practices (GAPs) is a program created by the USDA’s Agriculture Marketing Service to function as a food safety audit for small-scale fresh produce growers, such as those who sell fresh produce at local farmers’ markets. However, under the provisions of the Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011, small-scale farmers who sell an average of $25,000 in annual fresh produce sales across the span of three years are exempt …

Food Leftover Practices Among Consumers In Selected Countries In Europe, South And North America, Kadri Koppel, Federica Higa, Sandria Godwin, Nelson Gutierrez, Roman Shalimov, Paula Cardinal, Brizio Di Donfrancesco, Miriam Sosa, Angel A. Carbonell-Barrachina, Loreida Timberg, Edgar Chambers Iv

Human Sciences Faculty Research

Foodborne illnesses may be related to many food production factors with home practices of consumers playing an important role in food safety. Consumer behavior for handling food leftovers has been studied, however little work on comparisons among countries has been published. The objective of this study was to investigate home food leftover practices of people from North American, South American, and European countries. Surveys were conducted with approximately 100 or more consumers in Argentina, Colombia, the United States, Estonia, Italy, Russia, and Spain. The participants responded to questions related to the length of time different types of food leftovers; such …

Improving Online Food Safety Communication: The Role Of Media, Jing Ma

Open Access Dissertations

Food safety is important as foodborne illness outbreaks cause great economic and societal losses. Efforts to protect public health and reduce foodborne illness outbreaks will not be fully effective unless the resulting information is communicated to consumers.

However, food safety communications have not been particularly satisfactory (Worsfold, 2006). If food safety information were more accessible, consumers would be more likely to use it (Worsfold, 2006). In this regard, the Internet presents great possibilities for communicating food safety information to the public. But media’s role has been largely overlooked in existing literature. When the lack of research is combined with consumers’ …

Factors Influencing Product Liability Insurance Adoption Among Tennessee Fruit And Vegetable Farmers, Matthew Robert Edwards

Masters Theses

Foodborne illness outbreaks linked to the consumption of fresh produce expose fruit and vegetable growers to uncertain legal and compensatory costs associated with product liability actions. Product liability insurance protects farmers against the risk of financial loss from product liability actions and may create opportunities for market expansion, but insights from recent focus groups suggest that Tennessee farmers may perceive this insurance coverage as cost prohibitive. This study evaluates the factors influencing adoption of product liability insurance among Tennessee fruit and vegetable producers. Using data from a 2013 survey of Tennessee fruit and vegetable farmers, factors influencing the adoption decision …

Exponential Growth, Animal Welfare, Environmental And Food Safety Impact: The Case Of China’S Livestock Production, Peter J. Li

Peter J. Li, PhD

Developmental states are criticized for rapid “industrialization without enlightenment.” In the last 30 years, China’s breathtaking growth has been achieved at a high environmental and food safety cost. This article, utilizing a recent survey of China’s livestock industry, illustrates the initiating role of China’s developmental state in the exponential expansion of the country’s livestock production. The enthusiastic response of the livestock industry to the many state policy incentives has made China the world’s biggest animal farming nation. Shortage of meat and dairy supply is history. Yet, the Chinese government is facing new challenges of no less a threat to political …

Enzymatic Digestion Improved Bacteria Separation From Leafy Green Vegetables, Danhui Wang

Masters Theses

An effective and rapid method for the separation of bacteria from food matrix remains a bottleneck for rapid bacteria detection for food safety. Bacteria can strongly attach to the food surface or internalize within the matrix which makes their isolation extremely difficult. Traditional methods of separating bacteria from foods routinely involve stomaching, blending and shaking, however these methods may not be efficient at removing all the bacteria from complex matrices. Here, we investigate the benefits of using enzyme digestion followed by immunomagnetic separation to isolate Salmonella from spinach and lettuce. Enzymatic digestion using pectinase and cellulase was able to break …

2011 Spring Perspectives - Full Issue (Pdf), Jennifer Torline, Beth Bohn, Rachel Skybetter

Seek

Perspectivesshowcases Kansas State University's range of research, scholarly, and creative activity and discovery. This Spring edition includes highlights

• In Europe and The U.S., Consumer Views On Cloned Products Breed Different Results, A Patented Success, Biologist’s career spent on research to prevent cataracts, Graphene research receives national recognition, Chemist recognized as promising young scientist, The meat of the matter: ready-to-eat products contain few cancerous compounds, Entomologist finds household pests carry same multi-drug resistant bacterial strains found in swine operations, Biosecurity Research Institute enhancing food safety research, A patented success.

Evaluating The Impact Of Cetylpyridinium Chloride And Peroxyacetic Acid When Applied To Broiler Frames On Salmonella Spp. And The Quality And Sensory Attributes Of Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat, Saxon Morgaine Perez

Theses and Dissertations

Broiler frames were treated with antimicrobial solutions of 0.5% cetylpyridinium chloride with CitrilowTM (CPC) or 0.1% peroxyacetic acid (PAA) for contact times of 30 to 120 sec and evaluated for their effectiveness at reducing the incidence of Salmonella spp. on broiler frames and decreasing Salmonellae counts on mechanically separated chicken meat (MSC). MSC samples were evaluated for pH, color, cook loss and protein bind. Results from the preliminary study indicated that 0.5% CPC at 60, 90, and 120 sec achieved higher reduction of Salmonellae on whole broiler frames than CPC at 30 sec or any PAA treatments. In contrast, PAA …

Nutrition Education With Limited Resource Audiences, Virginia M. Barnard

Center for Engagement and Community Development

The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) is one way Riley County K-State Research & Extension improves the nutrition and physical activity behaviors of low-income families. Through a community-based, relationship-driven, hands-on educational approach, EFNEP families experience improvements in four core areas: diet quality and physical activity, food resource management, food safety, and food security.

Food Safety Posters For Safe Handling Of Leafy Greens, Lakshman Rajagopal, Susan W. Arendt, Angela M. Shaw, Catherine H. Strohbehn, Kevin L. Sauer

The Journal of Extension

This article describes food safety educational tools depicting safe handling of leafy greens that are available as downloadable posters to Extension educators and practitioners (www.extension.iastate.edu). Nine visual-based minimal-text colored posters in English, Chinese, and Spanish were developed for use when formally or informally educating foodservice workers about safely handling leafy greens. A three-phase methodology included the use of expert knowledge, microbial sampling, and observational study in Iowa and Kansas foodservice operations. Use of the posters was shown to have positive impacts on both microbial levels and food safety behaviors, suggesting that the posters can be useful tools for Extension personnel.

Projected Dietary Intake Of Zinc, Copper, And Cerium From Consumption Of Carrot (Daucus Carota) Exposed To Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Or Metal Ions., Stephen Ebbs, Scott J Bradfield, Pawan Kumar, Jason C White, Xingmao Ma

Publications

The expanding production and use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have raised concerns about the potential risk of those materials to food safety and human health. In a prior study, the accumulation of Zn, Cu, and Ce from ZnO, CuO, or CeO2, respectively, was examined in carrot (Daucus carota L.) grown in sand culture in comparison to accumulation from exposure to equivalent concentrations of ionic Zn(2+), Cu(2+), or Ce(4+). The fresh weight concentration data for peeled and unpeeled carrots were used to project dietary intake of each metal by seven age-mass classes from child to adult based on consumption of a …

A New Governance Recipe For Food Safety Regulation, Alexia Brunet Marks

Publications

Although food safety is a significant and increasing global health concern, international economic law does not adequately address today’s global food safety needs. While most countries rely on a collection of formalized legal rules to protect food safety, these rules too often fall short. As fiscal constraints impede raising the number of border inspections, formal international commitments (treaties) frequently limit governmental efforts to raise food safety standards. Private companies, meanwhile, can readily adopt higher standards to meet consumer demands and supply chain needs, thus demonstrating more nimbleness and flexibility in adopting the highest food safety standards available. Can countries learn …

The Uneasy Case For Food Safety Liability Insurance, John Aloysius Cogan Jr.

Brooklyn Law Review

Foodborne illnesses sicken millions and kill thousands of Americans every year, leading many to conclude that our dysfunctional government food safety system, which still relies heavily on physical inspections of food and facilities, is incapable of protecting us. As a result, many now look to the private market for solutions to our food safety crisis. One private market approach, food safety liability insurance, is gaining popularity. This article examines the benefits and drawbacks to food safety liability insurance and raises doubts about its ability to improve food safety. The market for safe food is plagued by overwhelming information problems that …

Chapter 8 Keeping Wildlife Out Of Your Food: Mitigation And Control Strategies To Reduce The Transmission Risk Of Food-Borne Pathogens, Alan B. Franklin, Kurt C. Vercauteren

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

In this chapter, we provide a general framework for developing strategies to mitigate the contamination of agricultural operations with pathogens carried by wildlife. As part of this framework, we present adaptive management as a viable approach to developing these strategies to reduce the uncertainty over time as to whether management methods are being effective. We provide the general steps to developing an adaptive management strategies as well as generic mitigation methods that can be applied to agricultural operations as part of an adaptive management strategy.

Ecological Dynamics In Compost-Amended Soils And The Resulting Effects On Escherichia Coli Survival, Anya Cutler

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Escherichia coli (E. coli) are common and typically innocuous copiotrophic bacteria found in the mammalian gut microbiome. However, over the past 30 years, pathogenic E. coli have been responsible for several outbreaks of foodborne illness linked to contaminated produce. The introduction of Escherichia coli to an agricultural soil, via contaminated water, compost, or raw manure, exposes the bacterium to a medley of ecological forces not found in a mammalian gut environment. This study assesses a variety of abiotic and biotic soil factors that influence the ability of an "invasive" copiotrophic coliform bacterium to survive in compost-amended agricultural soil. The study …

The Right To Regulate (Cooperatively), Alexia Brunet Marks

Publications

The growing number of new technologies in food production— such as nanotechnology, genetic modification, animal cloning, and irradiation—are garnering different regulatory responses around the world. Based on their threshold for tolerating risk, countries are asserting their national right to regulate at home using labeling, quarantine, and outright bans on foods. But domestic regulation has its limits in a free trade environment. Countries that are not mindful of treaty obligations could face legal liability, as seen in the recent litigation between Uruguay and Philip Morris International. In short, traditional models of international regulatory cooperation (IRC) are failing to provide countries with …

Single Particle-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Technology Development For Metallic Nanoparticle Characterization In Complex Matrices, Yongbo Dan

Doctoral Dissertations

"As the rapid growing of nanotechnology, the release of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) into the environment is inevitable. After entering the real environment, ENPs tend to react with different components of the ecosystem (e.g. water, soil, air, plants) and make their characterization difficult. Analyzing ENPs in these complex matrices still remains as a grand challenge. ENPs characterization is normally the first step of risk assessment. Current analytical techniques have shown some limitations in revealing the unique characteristics of ENPs in complex matrices and reliable analytical techniques are in urgent need. Single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) is an emerging …