Digital Commons Network^™

Whose Talk Is Walked? It Decentralizability, Vendor Versus Adopter Discourse, And The Diffusion Of Social Media Versus Big Data, Shaila Miranda, Inchan Kim, Dawei David Wang

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

Discourse plays a central role in organizing vision and computerization movement perspectives on IT innovation diffusion. While we know that different actors within a community contribute to the discourse, we know relatively little about the roles different actors play in diffusing different types of IT innovations. Our study investigates vendor versus adopter roles in social media and big data diffusion. We conceptualize the difference between the two IT innovations in terms of their decentralizability, i.e., extent to which decision rights pertinent to adoption of an organizational innovation can be decentralized. Based on this concept, we hypothesized: (1) adopters would contribute …

Effects Of Binary Solvent System On Morphology Of Particles, Patrick Besana

HIM 1990-2015

Recent advancements in cancer research has led to the synthesis of a new drug known as docetaxel. Meant to replace paclitaxel, its more natural counterpart whose ingredients are difficult to obtain, the drug is known to effectively treat a wide array of cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. The establishment of a synthetic alternative to paclitaxel has increased its bioavailability, thereby lowering the cost needed to utilize the drug. Still, the limiting factor in minimizing costs is the method in which the drug is processed. Current methods in drug processing have their limitations, which include the introduction …

Modeling Of Gas Production From Shale Reservoirs Considering Multiple Transport Mechanisms, Chaohua Guo, Mingzhen Wei, Hong Liu

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Gas transport in unconventional shale strata is a multi-mechanism-coupling process that is different from the process observed in conventional reservoirs. In micro fractures which are inborn or induced by hydraulic stimulation, viscous flow dominates. And gas surface diffusion and gas desorption should be further considered in organic nano pores. Also, the Klinkenberg effect should be considered when dealing with the gas transport problem. In addition, following two factors can play significant roles under certain circumstances but have not received enough attention in previous models. During pressure depletion, gas viscosity will change with Knudsen number; and pore radius will increase when …

Analysis Of Diffusion In Heat Seals Using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, Mark Hendrickson

All Theses

Heat sealing is one of several methods used to weld thermoplastic materials in packaging. Heat seals were made between Dow 501i LDPE and DuPont Nucrel 1202HC poly (ethylene co-methacrylic acid). The seals were exposed to sodium hydroxide solution so that the methacrylic acid sites of the DuPont Nucrel 1202HC were neutralized with a sodium ion. This was done to make diffusion measurements. Two side heated tooling sealing was used to make seals at 40 psi (276kPa), 1.0 second dwell, and temperatures ranging from 200oF (93.3oC) to 300oF (148.9oC). Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, a function of scanning electron microscopy, was used …

Atomistic Structures And Transport Phenomena At Interfaces In Lithium Battery Materials, Akihide Kuwabara

Composites at Lake Louise (CALL 2015)

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in mobile devices. Increasingly they are also being scaled up for use as energy-storage devices in hybrid vehicles and fully electric ones. All-solid-state LIBs are expected to be one of the candidates as next generation LIBs because the LIBs can realize higher energy density and safety without liquid electrolytes. In these devices, the solid-solid interfaces, specifically those between electrodes and an electrolyte and grain boundaries within each component, are thought to strongly affect the battery performance. Despite their clear scientific and technical importance, however, so far, few studies have focused on the internal interfaces …

Thermodynamics Of Migration In Polymers: Can Contamination From Materials In Contact Be Predicted, Controlled And Possibly Avoided?, Olivier Vitrac, Phuong Nguyen

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The contamination from materials is coined as “migration” and refers to a combination of various mass transfer mechanisms under thermodynamic control: molecular or mutual diffusion, sorption and desorption phenomena linear with concentration or not. The contamination pathways are particularly complicated when they involve several components or steps and strong interactions between materials and the medium in contact. They have been studied and mathematically described with two possible purposes: i) simplified approaches with a goal of overestimating the real contamination and ii) more sophisticated approaches to optimize the design of polymer materials, packaging materials or to redesign plastic additives with lower …

Time/Depth Dependent Diffusion-Covection Model Of Chloride With Transportation In Concrete Structures With Chloride-Binding Isotherms, Wen-Hu Tsao, Ming-Te Liang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Ion transport through a hydrated cement system often becomes a principal factor to degrade concrete in a chlorideladen environments. Based on the transport mechanism of chloride ion, an analytical solution of mathematical model for predicting chloride penetration into concrete structures was herein derived. The model consists of both the diffusion of chloride due to concentration gradient and the convection of chloride due to moisture transport. The model also depends on temperature, age, relative humidity, and chloride binding. Based on both the diffusion coefficient and the mean velocity with time/depth dependence, an analytical solution of the mathematical model developed by previous …

The Diffusion Of Doctrinal Innovations In Tort Law, Kyle Graham

Marquette Law Review

This Article examines the spread of “successful” common-law doctrinal innovations in the law of torts. Its analysis reveals recurring influences upon and tendencies within the diffusion of novel tort doctrines across the states. The studied diffusion patterns also document a trend toward common-law doctrinal “stabilization” over the past quarter-century. As detailed herein, this stabilization owes in part to altered adoption dynamics associated with the ongoing shrinkage and fragmentation of the common-law tort dockets entertained by state supreme courts. Prevailing conditions will make it difficult, this Article concludes, for even well-received common-law doctrinal innovations of the future to match the rapid …

Modeling Napl Dissolution From Pendular Rings In Idealized Porous Media, Junqi Huang, John A. Christ, Mark N. Goltz, Avery H. Demond

Faculty Publications

The dissolution rate of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) often governs the remediation time frame at subsurface hazardous waste sites. Most formulations for estimating this rate are empirical and assume that the NAPL is the nonwetting fluid. However, field evidence suggests that some waste sites might be organic wet. Thus, formulations that assume the NAPL is nonwetting may be inappropriate for estimating the rates of NAPL dissolution. An exact solution to the Young‐Laplace equation, assuming NAPL resides as pendular rings around the contact points of porous media idealized as spherical particles in a hexagonal close packing arrangement, is presented in this …

Carbon Dioxide Sorption In A Nanoporous Octahedral Molecular Sieve, Izaak Williamson, Eric B. Nelson, Lan Li

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

We have performed first-principles density functional theory calculations, incorporated with van der Waals interactions, to study CO₂ adsorption and diffusion in nanoporous solid – OMS-2 (Octahedral Molecular Sieve). We found the charge, type, and mobility of a cation, accommodated in a porous OMS-2 material for structural stability, can affect not only the OMS-2 structural features but also CO₂ sorption performance. This paper targets K⁺, Na⁺, and Ba²⁺ cations. First-principles energetics and electronic structure calculations indicate that Ba²⁺ has the strongest interaction with the OMS-2 porous surface due to valence electrons donation to …

Derivation Of An Analytical Solution To A Reaction-Diffusion Model For Autocatalytic Degradation And Erosion In Polymer Microspheres, Ashlee N. Ford Versypt, Paul D. Arendt, Daniel W. Pack, Richard D. Braatz

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

A mathematical reaction-diffusion model is defined to describe the gradual decomposition of polymer microspheres composed of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) that are used for pharmaceutical drug delivery over extended periods of time. The partial differential equation (PDE) model treats simultaneous first-order generation due to chemical reaction and diffusion of reaction products in spherical geometry to capture the microsphere-size-dependent effects of autocatalysis on PLGA erosion that occurs when the microspheres are exposed to aqueous media such as biological fluids. The model is solved analytically for the concentration of the autocatalytic carboxylic acid end groups of the polymer chains that comprise the microspheres …

Using Bromide Tracer To Measure Uranium Diffusivity In Ground Water Sediments, Francis Michael Tee, Morris E. Jones, Megan K. Dustin, Sharon Bone, John Bargar

STAR Program Research Presentations

More than 129 million liters of groundwater are contaminated with uranium at Old Rifle, Colorado – a former uranium-processing site that operated until 1958. The original Department of Energy (DOE) strategy for remediation, involving natural flushing of U from the groundwater through mixing with surface water, has not proven successful. Thin pockets of silt-, clay-, and organic-rich sediments referred to as naturally reduced zones (NRZs) act both as sinks and sources of U to the aquifer, contribute to plume persistence, and appear to be diffusion limited controlled.

To better understand how the NRZs are diffusion limited controlled, a bromide tracer …

Changes In Properties Of Coal As A Result Of Continued Bioconversion, Rohit Pandey

Theses

Microbial actions on coal have long been identified as a source of methane in coalbeds. Andrew Scott (1995) was the first to propose imitating the natural process of biogenic gasification, possibly leading to recharging coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs, or setting up natural gas reservoirs in non-producing coalbeds. This study was aimed at identifying the changes in coal properties that affect gas deliverability in coal-gas reservoirs, when treated with microbial consortia to generate/enhance gas production. The experimental work tested the sorption and diffusion properties for the coal treated and, more importantly, the variation in the relevant parameters with continued bio-conversion since …

Thermodynamic And Kinetic Simulation Of Transient Liquid-Phase Bonding, Brad Allen Lindner

Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC SIMULATION OF TRANSIENT LIQUID-PHASE BONDING

by

Brad Lindner

The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2015

Under the Supervision of Professor Benjamin C. Church

The use of numeric computational methods for the simulation of materials systems is becoming more prevalent and an understanding of these tools may soon be a necessity for Materials Engineers and Scientists. The applicability of numerical simulation methods to transient liquid-phase (TLP) bonding is evaluated using a type 316L/MBF-51 material system. The comparisons involve the calculation of bulk diffusivities, tracking of interface positions during dissolution, widening, and isothermal solidification stages, as well as comparison of …

Correlating Morphology To Performance In Conjugated Polymer Nanocomposite Thin Films, Siddharth Pradhan

Masters Theses

The morphology and performance of thin films that consist of conjugated polymers and nanoparticles are investigated in this thesis. In the first system, the morphology of the nanocomposite that consists of low band gap alternating copolymers with a methano-fullerene are determined by neutron scattering and correlated to their photovoltaic performance as polymer solar cells. These results show that the conjugated alternating copolymers have high miscibility relative to other conjugated polymers. The analysis of the scattering data shows that the morphology of the conjugated polymer-fullerene bulk heterojunction can be described as the formation of aggregates on two length scales. Important parameters …

Exclusionary And Diffusionary Levers In Patent Law, Colleen Chien

Faculty Publications

The patent system is built on the premise that exclusion leads to innovation. But a mounting body of evidence calls into question the assumption that “innovation by exclusion” – innovation based on excluding rivals– is the only, or even primary, way innovation happens today: nearly 50% of manufacturers got the idea for their most important new product from an outside source that shared it with them, 45-60% of patentees acquire patents to access the technology of others, and over 1,300 companies, including five of the ten top holders of patents, have pledged to share their patents with others. But because …

A Cultural Diffusion Model For The Rise And Fall Of Programming Languages, Sergi Valverde, Ricard V. Solé

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Our interaction with complex computing machines is mediated by programming languages (PLs) which constitute one of the major innovations in the evolution of technology. PLs allowed a flexible, scalable and fast use of hardware and are largely responsible for shaping the history of information technology since the rise of computers in the 1950s. The rapid growth and impact of computers was followed closely by the development of programming languages. As it occurs with natural, human languages, they emerged and got extinct. There has been always a diversity of coexisting PLs that somewhat compete among them, while occupying special niches. Here …

Hydrodynamic Analogues Of Hamiltonian Systems, Francisco J. Jauffred

Graduate Masters Theses

A one-dimensional Hamiltonian system can be modeled and understood as a two-dimensional incompressible fluid in phase space. In this sense, the chaotic behavior of one-dimensional time dependent Hamiltonians corresponds to the mixing of two-dimensional fluids. Amey (2012) studied the characteristic values of one such system and found a scaling law governing them. We explain this scaling law as a diffusion process occurring in an elliptical region with very low eccentricity. We prove that for such a scaling law to occur, it is necessary for a vorticity field to be present. Furthermore, we show that a conformal mapping of an incompressible …

New Screening Methodology For Selection Of Polymeric Materials For Transdermal Drug Delivery Devices, Roberto P. Falcone

Dissertations

As medical advances extend the human lifespan, the level of chronic illnesses will increase and thus straining the needs of the health care system that, as a result, governments will need to balance expenses without upsetting national budgets.

Therefore, the selection of a precise and affordable drug delivery technology is seen as the most practical solution for governments, health care professionals, and consumers.

Transdermal drug delivery patches (TDDP) are one of the best economical technologies that are favored by pharmaceutical companies and physicians alike because it offers fewer complications when compared to other delivery technologies. TDDP provides increased efficiency, safety …

Diffusion Of A Math Intervention Program Within A Secondary Setting: A Mixed Methods Study, Stuart Lenz

Department of Educational Administration: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The purpose of this convergent mixed methods study was to understand the stages of concern and levels of use for teachers as they integrate a new math intervention program. Teachers within three high schools in a large Mid-western school district all implemented the program at the same time, and were used as the sample during the three-year study. The study searched to discover (a) what or who influences the teachers in their use of the program, (b) how the teachers change in their levels of use and stages of concern, and (c) if the success of the program changes as …

Sources Of Authority For Leadership And Instructional Technology Coaches' Diffusion Of High Access Teaching And Learning, Gregory M. Proffit

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this qualitative study was to use a leadership theory to explore the professional work of three school-based instructional technology coaches. The leadership theory is drawn from Thomas Sergiovanni’s Moral Leadership: Getting to the Heart of School Improvement.

The study used typical qualitative data gathering techniques: participant observations, informal and formal interviews, and the collection of representative workplace professional documents. A single researcher spent two school years in district office meetings and in three secondary schools gathering qualitative data.

The data were analyzed for bureaucratic, psychological, technical rational, professional, and moral sources of authority for leadership. The data …

Evidence For Amphoteric Behavior Of Ru On Cdte Surfaces, D. N. Bose, S. Basu, K. C. Mandal, D. Mazumdar

Krishna C. Mandal

No abstract provided.

Evidence For Amphoteric Behavior Of Ru On Cdte Surfaces, D. N. Bose, S. Basu, K. C. Mandal, D. Mazumdar

Krishna C. Mandal

No abstract provided.

Evidence For Amphoteric Behavior Of Ru On Cdte Surfaces, D. N. Bose, S. Basu, K. C. Mandal, D. Mazumdar

Krishna C. Mandal

No abstract provided.

A Case Study Of Hd Radio Diffusion In The United States, John C.C. Halbert

Open Access Dissertations

Despite industry and government endorsements of its many advantages over conventional analog radio and significant consumer marketing efforts, digital radio broadcasting (DAB) continues to languish, unable to attract a critical mass of users either from the broadcasting industry or consumers. The purpose of this dissertation is to discover why America has not embraced this once-promising digital medium. Approaching the issue from the interrelated perspectives of technology, economics, and regulation, and synthesizing this information using diffusion of innovations theory, the study identifies five major factors inhibiting the growth of HD Radio in the United States. These factors include: (a) the emergence …

Diffusion In A Solid Cylinder Part I: Advancing Model, Cho-Liang Tsai, Ching-Chang Lin

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

An advanced diffusion model is used to calculate the concentration of a substance diffused in a solid cylindrical medium. The mathematical process in this study adopts Neumann’s algorithm for applying the advancing model to revise the solution derived by Carslaw and Jaeger. The modified solution clearly indicates a diffusion front which does not exist in the original model. Calculating the diffusion depth becomes possible and is novel for a solid cylindrical medium. The major contribution of this study is the application of the advancing model to solve the diffusion problem of a cylindrical medium in cylindrical coordinate system.

The Impact Of State Certification Of Community Health Workers On Team Climate Among Registered Nurses In The United States, Mark Siemon, Geoff Shuster, Blake Boursaw

Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

A number of states have adopted certification programs for community health workers (CHWs) to improve recognition of CHWs as members of health care teams, increase oversight, and to provide sustainable funding. There has been little research into the impact of state CHW certification on the diffusion and adoption of CHWs into existing health care systems. This study examined the impact of state CHW certification on the perceptions of team climate among registered nurses (RNs) who work with CHWs in states with and without CHW certification programs. The study recruited RNs using a purposeful sampling method and used an online survey, …

The Impact Of State Certification Of Community Health Workers On Team Climate Among Registered Nurses In The United States, Mark Siemon, Geoff Shuster, Blake Boursaw

Mark Siemon

A number of states have adopted certification programs for community health workers (CHWs) to improve recognition of CHWs as members of health care teams, increase oversight, and to provide sustainable funding. There has been little research into the impact of state CHW certification on the diffusion and adoption of CHWs into existing health care systems. This study examined the impact of state CHW certification on the perceptions of team climate among registered nurses (RNs) who work with CHWs in states with and without CHW certification programs. The study recruited RNs using a purposeful sampling method and used an online survey, …

Parameter Estimates For A Pemfc Cathode, Qingzhi Guo, Vijay A. Sethuraman, Ralph E. White

Ralph E. White

Five parameters of a model of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathode (the volume fraction of gas pores in the gas diffusion layer, the volume fraction of gas pores in the catalyst layer, the exchange current density of the oxygen reduction reaction, the effective ionic conductivity of the electrolyte, and the ratio of the effective diffusion coefficient of oxygen in a flooded spherical agglomerate particle to the square of that particle radius) were determined by least-squares fitting of experimental polarization curves. The values of parameters obtained in this work indicate that ionic conduction and gas-phase transport are two …

Using Parameter Estimation Techniques With A Simple Model Of A Diaphragm-Type Electrolyzer To Predict The Electrical Energy Cost For Naoh Production, John Van Zee, Ralph E. White

Ralph E. White

Predictions of the electrical energy cost for NaOH production are determined as a function of the independent operating variables and diaphragm characterizing properties. The predictions are based on data from a statistically designed experiment, a simple model of a diaphragm-type electrolyzer, a simple model of the cell voltage losses, and parameter estimation techniques. The data were obtained over a sufficiently large range of operating conditions so that the resulting design equation may be industrially useful. The simple model of the diaphragm is based on the mass transport of the hydroxyl ion, a linear potential gradient, and is presented in terms …