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The Large‐Scale Freshwater Cycle Of The Arctic, Mark C. Serreze, Andrew P. Barrett, Andrew G. Slater, Rebecca A. Woodgate, Knut Aagaard, Richard B. Lammers, Michael Steele, Richard Moritz, Michael Meredith, Craig M. Lee
The Large‐Scale Freshwater Cycle Of The Arctic, Mark C. Serreze, Andrew P. Barrett, Andrew G. Slater, Rebecca A. Woodgate, Knut Aagaard, Richard B. Lammers, Michael Steele, Richard Moritz, Michael Meredith, Craig M. Lee
Faculty Publications
This paper synthesizes our understanding of the Arctic's large‐scale freshwater cycle. It combines terrestrial and oceanic observations with insights gained from the ERA‐40 reanalysis and land surface and ice‐ocean models. Annual mean freshwater input to the Arctic Ocean is dominated by river discharge (38%), inflow through Bering Strait (30%), and net precipitation (24%). Total freshwater export from the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic is dominated by transports through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (35%) and via Fram Strait as liquid (26%) and sea ice (25%). All terms are computed relative to a reference salinity of 34.8. Compared to earlier estimates, …
Relationship Between River Size And Nutrient Removal, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Charles J. Vorosmarty, Bruce J. Peterson, Sybil P. Seitzinger, Charles S. Hopkinson
Relationship Between River Size And Nutrient Removal, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Charles J. Vorosmarty, Bruce J. Peterson, Sybil P. Seitzinger, Charles S. Hopkinson
Faculty Publications
We present a conceptual approach for evaluating the biological and hydrological controls of nutrient removal in different sized rivers within an entire river network. We emphasize a per unit area biological parameter, the nutrient uptake velocity (νf), which is mathematically independent of river size in benthic dominated systems. Standardization of biological parameters from previous river network models to νf reveals the nature of river size dependant biological activity in these models. We explore how geomorphic, hydraulic, and biological factors control the distribution of nutrient removal in an idealized river network, finding that larger rivers within a basin potentially exert considerable …