Digital Commons Network^™

Socially Disorganized Rural Communities, Kenneth D. Tunnell

Kenneth Tunnell

The article talks about the social disorganization of rural communities in the U.S. It is stated that family farming has been on the decline for decades, with the numbers of farmers dropping by 16 million since 1950 and farms decreasing by over 4 million during the past century. It is inferred that a part of a community's history and way of life are being forfeited when local business are closing. According to the author, the theory of social disorganization emphasizes social integration and stability as necessary conditions for community. It offers some of the disadvantages of disorganized communities, such as …

As Cidades Digitais E O Reforço Da Cidadania: Uma Abordagem Sociológica Do Gaia Global E Do Aveiro Digital, Barbara Barbosa Neves

Barbara Barbosa Neves

No abstract provided.

Civic Responsibility And Patterns Of Voluntary Participation Around The World, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad

This article seeks to explain why different types of volunteer organizations are prevalent in different countries. It hypothesizes that patterns of volunteer participation are a function of citizen attitudes toward governmental and individual responsibility for caring for society. Those countries (e.g., Japan)—where citizens think that governments should be responsible for dealing with social problems—will tend to have higher participation in embedded volunteer organizations, such as parent-teacher associations. Those countries (e.g., the United States)—where citizens think that individuals should take responsibility for dealing with social problems—will tend to have more participation in nonembedded, organizations, such as Greenpeace. These hypotheses are tested …

Religião, Direitos Humanos E Educação, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Não admira que haja atritos, incompreensões, entre as religiões e os poderes. Porque, antes de mais, foi preciso a uns e a outros comprimirem-se para darem lugar (espaço, mesmo) ao outro tipo de normatividade e de poder. Em muitos casos históricos se terá começado com um poder de índole teocrática. E só com o tempo e o progresso social e político se passaria a admitir a cisão do mando, num ramo secular e num ramo sacral. O grande problema do tratamento da questão religiosa do ponto de vista dos Direitos Humanos, é que se trata, no limite, de pôr uma …

Neoliberalism, Institutional Change And The Welfare State: The Case Of Britain And France, Basak Kus

BASAK KUS

No abstract provided.

Path Of The Bridger: Ahp's Role In Co-Creating A "New Reality" For Human Togetherness And The Evolution Of Consciousness, Carroy U. Ferguson

Carroy U "Cuf" Ferguson, Ph.D.

As the newly elected President of AHP, I feel very honored to become part of an ongoing, transformational, creative, and inspiring history. As I mentioned in my recent introductory letter to you all after being voted AHP’s new President this summer, since its founding the Association for Humanistic Psychology (AHP) has been engaged in an historic, “transformational undertaking”—to actualize “a bold new affirmative approach in psychology and life” and “to explore the edges of what is known, looking for new and workable methods to facilitate our evolution as individuals and as a society.” Humanistic Psychology and AHP represented a shift …

La Estructura Del Sistema De Educación Superior Como Factor De Acceso Y Equidad, Jesús F. Galaz-Fontes, Juan J. Sevilla-García

Jesús Francisco Galaz Fontes

Este trabajo señala que los retos de aumentar la cobertura y equidad de la educación superior deben ser vistos a nivel sistémico y no como la cruzada particular de una o unas cuantas instituciones. Se enfatiza, asimismo, la necesidad de promover la diversidad institucional como una estrategia para aumentar la cobertura y equidad del sistema de educación superior. Por último, se subraya la necesidad de fortalecer el financiamiento de las instituciones de educación superior mediante un esquema que acepte que contar con una educación superior diferenciada y de calidad demanda no escatimar recursos financieros dentro del contexto de las posibilidades …

Characterization Of Wastewater Streams From Bor Site, Zeljko J. Kamberovic

Zeljko J Kamberovic

This paper presents full characterization of wastewater streams within Bor copper mine. Seven different wastewater streams were identified and fully characterized (origin, flow rate, chemical and physical properties) on basis of five year analysis. Taking into consideration chemical composition and flow rate of each wastewater calculations of metal loss through wastewaters was calculated. This characterization is the first step in investigations for best remediation technology of wastewaters all together or individual.

Pioneering Multilatralism: The Sugar Agreements 1864 – 1912, Heitor Moura Filho

Heitor Moura Filho

This paper examines the negotiations which led to the Brussels Convention of 1902 for the abolition of subsidies on sugar exports, showing how the practice of multilateral commodity trade negotiations was an outcome of this experience. Encompassing diverse fiscal systems, these negotiations began a process of pluri-national harmonization of taxation criteria and regulations, which forced changes to national statutes. They also initiated new forms of economic negotiations and coexistence. When war broke out in 1914, undoing agreements and inaugurating a new era of strict government control of economic activities, multilateralism had been established as a conceptual alternative and a practical …

Competition, Specialisation And Stratification: Academic Outcomes Of The Government School System In Melbourne, Australia, Daniel Edwards

Dr Daniel Edwards

Following the increase in the school-aged population as a result of the post-war baby boom, Australia, like many other nations, established a large comprehensive public school system. This system was not only designed to cope with the growth in school enrolments, but also to provide a well rounded education and promote social cohesion. However, unlike many other comparable nations, Australia’s non-government school sector has also played an extensive role in the provision of school education – a role which has grown substantially over the past couple of decades.

Since the mid-1990s, enrolments in government secondary schools have been decreasing. As …

Alliance And Conflict: The World-System Of The Inupiaq Eskimos - Book Review, Jon D. Carlson

Jon D. Carlson

No abstract provided.

Strategically-Oriented Management, Organisational Growth And Effectiveness: A Cross-Country Comparison, Anton Kramberger, Branko Ilič, Andrej Kohont

Anton Kramberger

The chapter evaluates the role of strategic HRM for a firm's efficiency as well as effectiveness of nearly 3000 European enterprises (using Cranet 2001 data). A sound positive effect of the strategic orientation of management, including high variety of HRM practices, on efficiency and effectiveness of enterprises in the market sector was found in majority of dynamic European environments (especially in Scandinavia), except in Mediterranean countries and Slovenia.

Cultivating Future Scholars: A Cross-Campus Collaboration On An Original Research Project, Amanda J. Swygart-Hobaugh M.L.S., Ph.D.

Mandy (Amanda) Swygart-Hobaugh

Presentation on a collaboration with a sociology faculty member, a Writing Consultant, and the Quantitative Reasoning Consultant to provide research and writing support for sociology undergraduates engaging in original research projects.

Lion In Winter – Tomás Moro Na Nossa Estação. Diálogos Com O Direito Constitucional, O Cristianismo E A Utopia Social, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Três tópicos sintetizam as preocupações da presente leitura de Tomás Moro: antes de mais, o direito constitucional e a polémica constitucional que acabou em crime político sob forma penal – a decapitação de Moro por traição; depois (mas apenas por comodidade depois, porque está antes de tudo em Moro), o cristianismo, mola propulsora da vida, do pensamento e da obra desta figura; finalmente, a utopia social, o seu contributo para a filosofia política, numa clave que normalmente não é a da maioria dos expoentes recentes do pensamento cristão – e daí, também, a sua originalidade.

Working Together To Combat Human Trafficking, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

No abstract provided.

State Law And Policy On Prostitution And The Impact On Sex Trafficking, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

Law and policy on prostitution are being debated and changed in many countries around the world. A number of countries have changed their laws and policies on prostitution in the last seven years (the Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, New Zealand, and South Korea), and several more governments have proposed change in their prostitution laws (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Ghana, Russian Federation). The different state approaches to prostitution – prohibition, regulation, decriminalization, and abolition – will be defined and described. Central to the debate on law and policy on prostitution is the relationship between sex trafficking and prostitution. All four of these …

Law And The Fabric Of The Everyday: Settlement Houses, Sociological Jurisprudence, And The Gendering Of Urban Legal Culture, Felice J. Batlan

Felice J Batlan

Expert On Sex Trafficking Contributes To Passage Of Historic New Law

Donna M. Hughes

No abstract provided.

Hate Crime Law And The Limits Of Inculpation, Janine Young Kim

Janine Kim

Measuring Use Of Health Services For At-Risk Drinkers: How Brief Can You Get?, Michael T. French, Brenda M. Booth, Joann E. Kirchne, Stacy M. Fortney, Xiaotong Han, Carol R. Thrush

Michael T. French

This study examines the validity, utility, and costs of using a brief telephone-administered instrument, the Brief Health Services Questionnaire (BHSQ), for self-reported health care provider contacts relative to collection and abstraction of complete medical records. The study sample was 441 community-dwelling at-risk drinkers who participated in an 18-month longitudinal study. Agreement between BHSQ self-reports and abstracted provider contacts was good to very good for general medical (79% agreement, kappa = .50) and specialty mental health contacts (93% agreement, kappa = .62), but low for Bother^ miscellaneous health contacts (61% agreement, kappa = .04). Average cost to collect and abstract complete …

The Salience Of Racial And Ethnic Identification In Friendship Choices Among Hispanic Adolescents, Grace Kao, Elizabeth Vaquera

Grace Kao

No abstract provided.

Women, Drugs, And Crime, Angela M. Moe

Angela M. Moe

Throughout feminist criminological scholarship, a concerted effort has been focused on understanding the backgrounds, criminal contexts, and programming needs of criminalized women. It is clear that criminalized women enter the justice system with a host of interconnected experiences and issues, ranging from childhood victimization, sexual assault, and intimate partner abuse, to homelessness, poverty, and illness. While these contribute to the motivations and rationales of women’s criminality, they are often aggravated by drug addiction. In a variety of ways, drug use is interlaced with women’s efforts to survive on a daily basis. This article examines the role drugs play in criminalized …

“Does America Spend Enough On Addiction Treatment?: Results From Public Opinion Surveys, Michael T. French, Amie L. Nielsen, Jenny F. Homer

Michael T. French

Addiction treatment is often misunderstood and underappreciated in the United States. Although a large body of literature clearly demonstrates the clinical and economic benefits of addiction treatment for many clients and in most settings, the general public has a somewhat ambivalent attitude toward treatment expansion and taxpayer financing. A potential reason for this disconnect between economic evidence and public opinion is a weak identification with the need for, or the success of, addiction treatment for those individuals without a substance abuse problem themselves or in members of their family. Alternatively, addiction treatment stakeholders may be delivering an ineffective or misdirected …

Criminalized Mothers: The Value And Devaluation Of Parenthood From Behind Bars, Angela M. Moe, Kathleen J. Ferraro

Angela M. Moe

With the number of incarcerated women rising in the United States, scholarship and activism has focused more explicitly on the backgrounds, criminal contexts, and programming needs of the imprisoned population. This article focuses on motherhood and relies on qualitative life-history interviews with thirty women in a southwestern detention center. The women's narratives are used to further our understanding of the ways in which motherhood (1) resonates with incarcerated women's self-perceptions, (2) relates to their motivations for crime, and (3) informs therapeutic programming within the carceral environment. In order to address the needs of a critical, yet often ignored, correctional population, …

Price Elasticity Of Demand For Malt Liquor Beer: Findings From A Pilot Study, Michael T. French, Didra Browntaylor, Ricky N. Bluthenthal

Michael T. French

Our objective is to estimate the relative price elasticity of demand for malt liquor beer (MLB), regular beer, hard liquor, and a combined group of all other alcoholic beverages. Three hundred and twenty-nine alcohol consumers (mostly male) in South-Central Los Angeles answered a series of questions pertaining to expected consumption responses to hypothetical price increases. We found that based on a 10% price increase, the mean price elasticity of demand (% change in quantity demanded / % change in price) was -0.79 for MLB drinkers, -1.14 for regular beer drinkers, -1.11 for hard liquor drinkers, and -1.69 for the combined …

Contesting The Cynicism Of Neoliberal Discourse: Moving Towards A Language Of Possibility, Panayota Gounari

Panayota Gounari

No abstract provided.

Social Exchange Practices Among Mexican-Origin Women In Nogales, Arizona: Prospects For Education Acquisition, Anna O. Oleary

Anna Ochoa OLeary

This paper summarizes quantitative and qualitative findings from a 1999 study of Mexican-origin households in Nogales, Arizona. It finds that women’s educational progress is facilitated by social support and, even more important, that a household’s investment in the education of its members is significantly raised with an increase in the education level of the female head of household. It argues that systematic efforts to build on existent cultural frameworks of social support will promote women’s educational progress and help improve educational opportunities for all people of Mexican origin.

La Sociología Aplicada, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas

Manuel Fernández-Esquinas

Este artículo expone un marco de análisis que ayude a entender las características de la sociología aplicada. A saber, la tarea sociológica que se orienta a resolver problemas prácticos más que a ofrecer nuevas contribuciones al entendimiento de los fenómenos sociales. En la primera parte se realiza una breve historia del concepto y se tratan los problemas que surgen cuando se hacen demarcaciones rígidas con otros tipos de investigación. En la segunda parte se abordan los conocimientos que resultan de la sociología aplicada. Se dibuja un marco conceptual referido a formas organizativas típicas para investigación básica y aplicada, y se …

The Politics Of Cyberconflict, Athina Karatzogianni Dr

Athina Karatzogianni

The thrust of this analysis is to disclose the extent to which the internet has affected politics and political conflict in particular (cyberconflict) and provide a theoretical framework for explaining this phenomenon. The aim of the book is to first theoretically and then empirically locate and introduce the new issues confronting global politics today, due to the impact of new communication technologies.

Los Jóvenes Y La Creación De Empresas, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas

Manuel Fernández-Esquinas

Se suele considerar emprendedor a aquél que asume un riesgo creando un negocio. Desde este punto de vista, el fenómeno emprendedor es el proceso de creación de nuevas entidades económicas –generalmente pequeñas y medianas empresas– por el que algunas personas intentan explotar oportunidades de negocio combinando los recursos que tienen a su alcance. Este libro trata del fenómeno emprendedor en el colectivo juvenil en Andalucía. Se ocupa de los aspectos sociales relacionados con el autoempleo y la creación de empresas por parte los jóvenes, prestando especial atención a aquellos que parten de una situación caracterizada por una falta relativa de …