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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
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Vitrification And Dehydration For The Preservation Of Gametes, Allison E. Moisan
Vitrification And Dehydration For The Preservation Of Gametes, Allison E. Moisan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Of the 36 species of felines in the world, all except the domestic cat are listed as endangered or threatened. To preserve the genetic diversity of felines and other species, genome resource banks have been established. Due to limited availability of germ cells for research, studies must use models to optimize the techniques before they are applied to endangered species. In this study, preservation of oocytes and spermatozoa was examined using the bovine as a model for felines. In the first series of experiments, bovine and feline oocytes were dehydrated, vitrified, warmed and cultured to assess their ability to undergo …
Evaluation Of Bovine Spermatid Sex Ratio By Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization, Michael Alan Stout
Evaluation Of Bovine Spermatid Sex Ratio By Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization, Michael Alan Stout
LSU Master's Theses
The objective of this study was to use fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to determine if a skew in the sex ratio was present at the level of the bovine round spermatid. Paraffin embedded bovine testicular tissue obtained from biopsies were used to perform FISH, and the seminiferous tubules were examined. Our findings show that the skew does exist within the round spermatids. Analysis of variance on X- and Y-chromosome bearing round spermatids as affected by sex, slide, picture set, and tubule was performed. Sex showed that the variation in round spermatid sex ratio differed between slides (P = 0.0001). …
Comparing Bermudagrass And Bahiagrass Cultivars At Different Stages Of Harvest For Dry Matter Yield And Nutrient Content, Ryan Thomas Dore'
Comparing Bermudagrass And Bahiagrass Cultivars At Different Stages Of Harvest For Dry Matter Yield And Nutrient Content, Ryan Thomas Dore'
LSU Master's Theses
Rapid growth of warm-season grasses such as bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) and bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) is associated with a decline in their nutritional value. This study was initiated to provide production and composition data with different cultivars of bermudagrass (common, Russell, Jiggs) and bahiagrass (Tifton-9, Pensacola, Argentina). Dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) composition and production were evaluated every two weeks for a ten-week period on six different cultivars. Also, Russell bermudagrass was evaluated in a second trial very similar to the first trial for composition and production but was started …
Estradiol Interactions With Dopamine Antagonists In Mares: Prolactin Secretion And Reproductive Traits, Kristian Kandis Kelley
Estradiol Interactions With Dopamine Antagonists In Mares: Prolactin Secretion And Reproductive Traits, Kristian Kandis Kelley
LSU Master's Theses
Two experiments studied the effects of pretreatment with estradiol benzoate before treatment with a dopamine antagonist on prolactin secretion and reproductive traits in mares during 1) the seasonal anovulatory period and 2) the normal breeding season. Experiment 1 was performed in winter with 17 mares selected for low follicular activity. Nine mares received estradiol benzoate injections every other day for a total of 10 injections; 8 mares received similar injections of vehicle. Ten days after onset of injections, all mares were placed on a daily injections of sulpiride (250 mg) for 45 d or until ovulation. Plasma prolactin concentrations were …
The Effects Of Carbonated Marinade On The Shelf Life Of Enhanced Pork, Maria Ofelia Guerra
The Effects Of Carbonated Marinade On The Shelf Life Of Enhanced Pork, Maria Ofelia Guerra
LSU Master's Theses
Brine incorporation into meat products has become a well established practice in the United States. Brines are used to enhance the eating quality of pork by improving its tenderness and juiciness. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide have been used in modified atmosphere packaging as antimicrobial agents and color stabilizers, respectively, to increase the shelf life of retail meats. The objective of this experiment was to analyze the effects of incorporating carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide into brine solutions to subsequently inject into raw chilled pork. Pork loins were injected with brine solutions containing 2.27% phosphates, 3.79% salt and dissolved gas …
Gamete And Cell Technologies For Use In Biological Resource Banking, Liesl Nel-Themaat
Gamete And Cell Technologies For Use In Biological Resource Banking, Liesl Nel-Themaat
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Biological resource banking is becoming important for endangered species conservation. A series of experiments were conducted to address issues concerning collection and utilization of biomaterials from Gulf Coast Native (GCN) sheep (model species) (Ovis aries) and Eland antelope (Taurotragus oryx). In the first experiment, two ejaculates were collected 10 minutes apart from each of five rams three times a week for three weeks to maximize output and minimize handling time. Semen volume, concentration and total number of spermatozoa were significantly greater in first ejaculates, whereas pre-cooled, cooled and post-thaw motility, as well as sperm survival, were greater in second ejaculates. …
The Effect Of A Condensed Tannin Containing Forage, Sericea Lespedeza On Existing And Challenge Infections Of Haemonchus Contortus In Sheep, Leigh Ann Chafton
The Effect Of A Condensed Tannin Containing Forage, Sericea Lespedeza On Existing And Challenge Infections Of Haemonchus Contortus In Sheep, Leigh Ann Chafton
LSU Master's Theses
Haemonchus contortus is one of the most threatening parasites to small ruminant production. Control has traditionally relied on the use of anthelmintics. Control has waned because the worm population has developed resistance to most of the currently available anthelmintics and alternative control measures are needed. Current consumer pressure is to reduce the use of chemicals in agricultural products, thus pushing control methods to more natural and acceptable approaches. One such approach is the feeding of condensed tannin containing forages either as fresh forage or dried products (hay, meal, pellets, etc). This study was conducted to determine the effect of a …
Cryopreservation And Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection With Bovine Epididymal Spermatozoa, Carlos Andres Guerrero
Cryopreservation And Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection With Bovine Epididymal Spermatozoa, Carlos Andres Guerrero
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Recently, interest in the preservation of epididymal sperm as a potential source of valuable genes for genome resource banks has escalated. The development of a successful protocol to recover and cryopreserve sperm harvested from the epididymides would salvage germplasm from genetically valuable males that are injured and can no longer mate or have unexpectedly died and can be used as a model for the preservation of male gametes from endangered species. In a series of experiments, epididymal sperm was successfully harvested, cryopreserved and used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. In Experiment I, ethylene glycol was found to cause significantly (P<0.05) less osmotic damage to bovine sperm during a one step addition and/or removal at 4°C as compared with glycerol in all concentrations evaluated. Furthermore, prolonged exposure (5 days at 4°C) of ethylene glycol was found to be less toxic than glycerol to sperm. In Experiment II, it was demonstrated that glycerol was more effective than ethylene glycol in providing protection against freezing injury during the cryopreservation process in the concentrations evaluated. In Experiment III, it was demonstrated that epididymal sperm retrieval using seminal plasma is beneficial to enhance sperm overall and progressive motility characteristics and to protect it from morphological abnormalities derived from the freezing process. In Experiment IV, a one step dilution process for removal of glycerol from cryopreserved epididymal sperm was found to significantly affect plasma membrane integrity and mitochondrial function of sperm previously exposed to seminal plasma. However, seminal plasma exposure did not have any significant detrimental effect on acrosome integrity. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the longevity and survivability in vitro during a 4-hour incubation period at 37°C of post-thaw epididymal sperm exposed to seminal plasma prior to cryopreservation was not compromised when compared with the control extended sperm. In Experiment V, we have demonstrated that fertilization, blastocyst and fetal development could be achieved with cryopreserved bovine epididymal sperm by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). To our knowledge, this is the first report in the United States and second in the world to use bovine epididymal sperm for ICSI. We achieved far markedly improved blastocyst rates over those results recently reported in the first study originating in Japan.
A Novel Yogurt Product With Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Senthil Ganesh
A Novel Yogurt Product With Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Senthil Ganesh
LSU Master's Theses
Health benefits of Lactobacillus acidophilus include providing immune support for infections or cancer, providing a healthy replacement of good bacteria in the intestinal tract following antibiotic therapy, reducing occurrence of diarrhea in humans, aiding in lowering cholesterol and improving the symptoms of lactose intolerance. Consumer demand exists for new dairy products. There are several types of yogurt like stir curd, set curd and drinkable yogurt and they all need to be refrigerated. Moreover there are very few dairy products that can be stored at room temperature and not many dairy foods are finger foods. A novel yogurt product like a …
Color And Tenderness In Chilled Or Frozen Pork Loin Chops After Antioxident Dipping And Modified Atmosphere Packaging, Dennis Michael Price
Color And Tenderness In Chilled Or Frozen Pork Loin Chops After Antioxident Dipping And Modified Atmosphere Packaging, Dennis Michael Price
LSU Master's Theses
The objective of this research was to evaluate color and tenderness in chilled or frozen pork loin chops after antioxidant dipping and modified atmosphere packaging. Loin chops were dipped in 0.3 M calcium chloride, 2.0 % sodium ascorbate, 0.2 M calcium ascorbate, or 0.3 M calcium ascorbate. Non-dipped chops served as controls. Chops were packaged in high oxygen (80% O2 / 20% CO2) or no oxygen (80% N2 / 20% CO2) and stored chilled (4° C) for 7 days or frozen (-18° C) for 21 days. After storage, chops were displayed under continuous fluorescent lighting for 3 or 6 days. …
The Effects Of Micronutrients On Pullets And Broilers, Danielle Armantine Lauzon
The Effects Of Micronutrients On Pullets And Broilers, Danielle Armantine Lauzon
LSU Master's Theses
Two experiments were conducted to determine the availability of various vitamin E (E) sources (absorbed to verxite or adsorbed to silica) in broilers. In Experiment 1, at 100 and 300 IU supplemental E, an average of 94 and 44% of E intake from verxite and silica, respectively, was excreted in the feces, but at 30 IU E, 49 and 45% of E intake was excreted in the feces. In Experiment 2 at 30 IU, 52 and 43% of E intake from verxite and silica was excreted (source, P < 0.02). Based on these results, E adsorbed to silica is more available. Two experiments were conducted to determine the relative bioavailability of organic versus inorganic sources of either Mn or Zn. In Experiment 1, Mn as MnSO4 or a Mn amino acid complex (Availa-Mn) were compared. In Experiment 2, ZnSO4 or a Zn amino acid complex (Availa-Zn) were compared. The results indicate that Availa-Mn is a more available source of Mn than MnSO4, but Availa-Zn is not as available as a source of Zn as ZnSO4. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of organic sources of Zn, Mn, and Cu on White Leghorn pullet performance. Treatment diets consisted of a control diet with 66 ppm Zn as ZnSO4 or a combination of ZnSO4 and Availa-Zn, 66ppm Mn as MnSO4 or a combination of MnSO4 and Availa-Mn, and 10 ppm Cu as CuSO4 or a combination of CuSO4 and a Cu amino acid complex (Availa-Cu). Diets are inorganic sources (IO), organic Zn (OZ), organic Zn and Mn (OZM), or organic Zn, Mn, and Cu (OZMC). Addition of OZM increased (P < 0.08) intestinal tensile strength and increased (P < 0.06) grams of ash per bone compared with OZMC. Pullets fed OZ had a higher (P < 0.08) bone concentration of all minerals than pullets fed OZM. Total tibia Mn was decreased (P < 0.06) by OZMC, but total tibia Cu was increased (P < 0.08) by OZ addition over IO or OZM.
Evaluation Of A Plasmid Delivery System For Production Of Gnrh And Ghrh In The Horse And Goat, William Andrew Storer
Evaluation Of A Plasmid Delivery System For Production Of Gnrh And Ghrh In The Horse And Goat, William Andrew Storer
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The efficacy of a novel plasmid delivery system was assessed for long-term expression of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) in horses and goats. The efficacy of the technology was demonstrated using 3 novel plasmids: pSEAP [expressing secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP)], pGHRH (expressing GHRH), and pGnRH (expressing GnRH). Geldings were electroporated with a reporter plasmid expressing SEAP in 3 muscle sites. Expression of SEAP, measured from jugular plasma samples, indicated muscle specificity for uptake and expression of the plasmid. Concentrations of SEAP were greatest (P < 0.05) after pectoralis injection, which was chosen as the site for electroporation in subsequent studies. In a second experiment, stallions were electroporated with pGHRH or pSEAP to evaluate the effect of long-term GHRH treatment on the growth hormone (GH) axis and testicular function. Stallions treated with pGHRH had increased (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations of IGF-I, increased (P < 0.05) volume of accessory sex gland fluid, and increased (P < 0.05) number of normal spermatozoa in the ejaculate relative to controls. In the third experiment, stallions were electroporated with pGnRH or pSEAP to test the effects of GnRH on the reproductive axis. Treatment with pGnRH increased (P < 0.05) plasma testosterone concentrations to d 56 and increased (P < 0.01) the LH response to GnRH on d 21, but did not alter (P > 0.1) seminal characteristics evaluated after 36 d of treatment. In …